最新被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)附答案

1、精品文檔初中被動語態(tài)講解及配套練習(xí)一、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的概念： 英語動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)：表示 主語是動作的執(zhí)行者 被動語態(tài)：表示 主語是動作的承受者 （常常沒在有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者情況下使用 ） 例： They speak English. （主動語態(tài)）主 謂 賓English is spoken by them. （被動語態(tài)）主 謂 介詞短語 注：及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動語態(tài)。 例： We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主 謂 賓The teacher is listened to by us ca

2、refully in class.主 謂 介詞短語e laughed at him . He was laughed at by us.二、被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法： 結(jié)構(gòu)： be +done （過去分詞 ） 被動語態(tài)中的 be為助動詞 ，無意義。be可能是 am , is , are也可能是 was ,were或原形 be。注： 被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由 be 的時態(tài)決定的， be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)， be 后面的過去分詞不變。用法：例： istory is made by the people. （一般現(xiàn)在時 ）精品文檔精品文檔 he cars were made in Tianjing

3、in 1995. 一（ 般過去時 ） The tree will be cut down next year.（一般將來時 ） he room must be kept clean. （含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)） The door is being opened. （現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時） The film has been seen by me. （現(xiàn)在完成時）注：我們初中主要掌握前面四種的用法時態(tài)動詞的被動形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時is doneHe is asked to do this.一般過去時was doneThe story was told by her mother.一般將來時will be d

4、oneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時is being doneThe novel is being written.過去進(jìn)行時was being doneAt that time the desk was being made.現(xiàn)在完成時has been doneThe house has been built.過去完成時had been doneThey said that their work had been finished.過去將來時would be doneHe said the trees would be planted

5、 soon.三、被動語態(tài)的各種句型：、 he song is liked by young people. 肯（ 定句 ）、 he song isnt liked by young people（否定句）、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑問句）、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑問句）四、主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的方法：精品文檔精品文檔方法分為三步：把原句中的 賓語改成主語動詞改為變動形式 be done（同時注意時態(tài) ） 原來的主語如果需要的話放在介詞 by 后面，以

6、指明做事的 人或物，如果沒有必要則省去例： The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .（改的過程中要注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面 ）五、特殊句型的被動語態(tài)：含有使役動詞（ make /let /have）或感官動詞（ hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel 等）的句子，在主動語態(tài)中這些詞后 常跟不帶 to 的動詞不定式 ，但是在 改成被動語態(tài)時 ， 則一定要把省去的 to 再加上去 ，另外 help這一個詞在主動語態(tài)中后面的動詞不定式可以 帶 to,也可不帶 to, 但在被動語

7、態(tài) 中也必須把 to 加上去。例： Mother often makes me do some housework.I am often made to do some housework by mother.We saw him run into the classroom.He was seen to run into the classroom by us.teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 等動詞常常 帶有兩個賓語 （雙賓語：直接賓語和間接賓 語），改為被動語態(tài)時， 兩個賓語可以選其中任一個作主語。 如果直接賓語被提前作主語， 那么間接賓語（一般是人）

8、前要加相應(yīng)的介詞 to/for 。例： he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me. I was given a pen by her. A pen was given to me by her.My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.精品文檔精品文檔 I was bought a new bike by my father. A new bike was bought for me by my father.由不及物動詞（ vi）+介詞 /副詞賓語的句子改成被動

9、語態(tài)時，介詞或副詞不能丟掉 （前面已舉過兩例 ）例： e should speak to old people politely.Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us). He took away the box. The box was taken away by him.含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的句子改為變動語態(tài)。 （賓補(bǔ)放在原來位置不變 ）例： Wecall him Xiao Ma.謂賓賓補(bǔ)The book was found very interesting by him.is called Xiao Ma by us. He found

10、 the boointeresting.e六、沒有被動語態(tài)的動詞：1. 沒有被動語態(tài)的詞 ， 表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞如 cost, fit, have, suit 等沒有被動形 式，另外，諸如 happen = take place, break out（爆發(fā)）， break down（壞了） 等不及物動詞或 短語以及諸如 result from（緣于 ），belong to, consist of等只用主動語態(tài)，而不用被動語態(tài) 不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài) : appear, die ,disappear, end （vi. 結(jié)束 ）, fail, last, lie, remain,

11、sit, spread（傳播） , stand, come true, fall asleep, .大多數(shù)系動詞： be , feel （摸起來 ），sound（聽起來），look（看起來 ）， smell（聞起來） taste（嘗起來） 等詞無被動語態(tài)，它們的主動形式表示被動意義精品文檔精品文檔例： he skirt feels very soft. 這件裙子摸起來很柔軟。Many changes have happened in our hometown.The film lasted for 3 hours.被動語態(tài)配套練習(xí)一、單項選擇。 ( )1. One or two man-mad

12、e satellites in our country every year.A. have been sent up B. will be sent up C. is sent up D. are sent up( )2. Our TV set yesterday.A. is repaired B. was repaired C. had been repaired D. would be repaired( )3. A new building in our school next year.A. will be built B. is builtC. is being built D.

13、has been built( )4. Many books on science since I went to college.A. were bought B. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought( )5. A wonderful English talk by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given( )6. How the Great Pyramid (金字塔 ) many years ago with

14、out modern machines.A. is built B. would be built C. have been built D. was built ( ) Food and clothes by women.A is often talk aboutB. are often talkedC. are often talked aboutD. often talked about( )8. the work yet ?A. is finishedB. Will be finishedC. Has been finished D. Would be finished( )9.Suc

15、h films by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must not seenD. must not be seen( )10.Trees in winter but in spring.A. not can be plantedB. can be not plantedC. can t be plantedD. can not be plant( )11.This kind of cars in Japan ten years ago.A. can only be madeB. could only mad

16、eC. be could only madeD. could only be made精品文檔精品文檔( ) 12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he sometimes by others.A. is laughedB. is laughed atC. was laughedD. has been laughed at( )13.The bear to the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may be send B. may is sent C. may be sent D. is may sent( )14. In the p

17、ast ten year, a lot of new buildings in our city. A. are put up B. have put upC. have been put D. have been put up( )15. Such films by children like you.A. must be not seen B. must not be seeC. must not seen D. must not be seen二、用所給動詞的正確時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空。1. Some top students (send) to study in foreign countri

18、es once a year.2. More and more schools (build) here later.3. Where are the apples? I think they (eat) by those boys.4. Many new things (invent) in the last ten years.5. All the shoes (sell) out last week.6. How long the book (can keep)?7. Tom (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they (not find) eas

19、ily.8. The babies here (take) good care of every day.9. We (open) the box and two new coats (see) in it.10. His new novel (finish) next week.三 根據(jù)短文意思填空English (be) very widely (use). It (speak) by people in England, the United States,Australia, and many other countries. It (be) one of the working languages at international meetings.Most international business letters (write) in English. And quite a few book