八下英語期中復習(知識點梳理)教學文稿

1、八下中考 unit 1-6 知識梳理unit 1 whats the matter?【語法】同義句問：whats the matter / trouble/ problem (with sb)?=whats your trouble/ matter/ problem?= whats up? = what happens to sb.?（某人）出什么事了？=whats wrong (with sb)?（某人）怎么了？=are you ok?你沒事吧？=is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事嗎？【辨析】trouble【麻煩：make trouble】; ma

2、tter【事情】;problem【難度大：solve problem】; question【難度?。篴sk/ answer question】答： 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.某人+have/has+a+sore+發(fā)病部位 he has a sore throat他喉嚨痛。3 某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞 he hurt his leg.他的腿受傷了。4 某部位+hurt(s). my head hurts badly我頭痛得厲害。5 某人+have/has+a pain+in ones

3、+身體部位， i have a pain in my chest我胸口痛。 【語法】should + 動原【四個句型】【重點詞匯掌握】1. 反身代詞：myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself.2. (1)few +可名復，有否定意義。(2)a few +可名復，“幾個，數個”，有肯定意義。(3)little +不可數，有否定意義，“很少，幾乎無”(4)a little+不可數，“一些”，有肯定意。 he has _ friends. 他有幾個朋友。 he has _ friend

4、s. 他幾乎沒有朋友。 we still have _ time. 我們還有點時間。 there is _ time left.幾乎沒剩下什么時間了。3. much too +adj./ adv.“太. ”，too much+u 名 ; too many + c 名，很多，大量there are _ _noise in the classroom. there are _ _ old books in the library 4. also, too 與 either 三者都表示“也”。但是用法有區(qū)別。(1) too 用于肯定句，句末，有逗號隔開；句中，前后都加逗號。(2) also 句中，b

5、e 等助動詞后，實義動詞前。(3) either 用于否定句，句末，并用逗號隔開 (4)neither 作代詞“兩者都不”he is not there, _. 他也不在那兒。she _learns english.她也學英語。he likes english,_. 她也喜歡英語。you may use _book.兩本書你可以隨便用一本。 _answer is wrong.兩個答案都不對。i dont like him. _ do i.我不喜歡他。我也是。 5. be used to do sth. 被用來.be/ get used to doing sth.習慣于. used to do

6、sth.過去常常做.i used to _(sleep) late, but now i used to _(sleep) early. the pen is used to _(write) 6. give up going sth.放棄做某事【名】matter, fever, cough, passenger, risk, kilo, rock, knife, spirit【動】躺 lie, lying, lay; hit; hurt; break; mean;dieunit 2 ill help to clean the city parts.【語法】一般將來時復習：will do, b

7、e going to do (標志詞：will; “ -ll ” ; wont; tomorrow;next 動詞不定式：help to do; need to do; decide to do; want to do; used to do【見附表 dd】【重點詞匯掌握】1. alone（一個人的事實 live alone）, lonely（感覺孤獨寂寞 lonely man）the man live _ in the country, but he never feel _.2. raise（籌集，raise money, 外力升）, rise（自己升 the sun rises up e

8、very day.）3. 短語：cheer up 使變得高興，振奮起來 give away 贈送，分發(fā) come true 實現come up with= think of 想出，提出 put off 推遲 call up 打電話給某人 care for 照顧， make a difference 影響，有作用 run out of 用盡，耗盡 give out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)4.sound(所有聲音)/noise(噪音)/voice(人聲音)5.care for 照看；照顧；照料=take care of =look after v.照顧，照料，照看 6. such/ so詞條 詞性用法常用結構

9、such形容詞修飾名詞such a/an +形容詞+可數名詞單數no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名詞such+ 除 many/few 之外的形容詞+可數名詞復數 such +除 much/little 之外的形容詞+ 不可數名詞so詞條achieve程度副詞修飾形容詞 或副詞是否接賓語 是so+ 形容詞+a/an + 可數名詞復數 so+ many/few +可數名詞復數 so+ much/little+不可數名詞用法主語一般為“人”come true否 主語一般是“夢想；理想”7. help sb with sth = help sb. do sth.幫助某人做

10、某事8. 1). stop doing sth 停止做某事 please stop speaking.請停止講話2).stop to do sth 停下來去做另外一件事 please stop to talk.請停下來講話-can we stop _(have) a rest? -oh, stop _(talk) about this. youve rest three times. 9.take after, be like, look like, look after 區(qū)別take after,【人品，品德，性格都像】 be like【人品性格】,look like【外表】, look a

11、fter【照顧】10.for example 常接句子, 用逗號隔開。such as 常接詞或短語，可和 and so on 連用。 【名】volunteer, sign, notice, joy, owner, letter, deaf, door, train, interest,【動】volunteer,cheer, notice, feel, raise, repair, fix,miss, open, carry, understand, change unit 3 could you please clean your room？【語法】could 引導的句子【四項】復習情態(tài)動詞：

12、can, could(能，可以); must , have to(必須); should, ought to(應該); need(需要，必要); may(可 能); maybe(名，副詞：也許，或許); may be (情態(tài)動詞：也許可能); had better do(最好做); 【重點詞匯掌握】1. 短語：do chores 做家務 do the dishes 洗餐具 in a mess; take out 拿走; all the time= always 總是; as soon as; in order to 為了; depend on 依靠; take care of= look af

13、ter=care for 照顧; as a result 結果 make the bed 整理床鋪 hang out 閑逛，常去 at least 至少 a waste of time 浪費時間 2. borrow(借來，進)和 lend(借給，出)3. fair n. fairness 公平；公正 unfair 不公平4. in front of 指在物體外部的前面 in the front of 指在物體內部的前面5. 【了解】get, turn, become, go, growin hospital 住院和 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院 注意有 the 和沒 the 的區(qū)別1

14、). become 好、壞兩方面的變化 he becomes a teacher. (現在已經是一位老師)2). get 多用于口語，表示一種變化過程，強調 “漸漸變得”，后常接形容詞的比較級形式。 its getting darker outside.3). turn 指在顏色和性質等方面與以前的完全不同，強調變化的結果。leaves turned brown . 4). 表示向壞的變化的常用詞組中用 go（通常不用 get）。 vegetables go bad 菜變質5). grow 表示“逐漸變成新的狀態(tài)”的含義。常指生長性的變化。my younger brother is growi

15、ng tall我的弟弟漸漸長高了。【名】rubbish, floor, shirt, finger, neighbor, ill,【動】fold；sweep; throw；pass；borrow；lend；hate；waste；provide；depend；develop,drop unit 4 why dont you talk to your parents?【語法】提建議的句子：(1) what about doing sth. ?=how about doing sth.? .怎么樣？(1) why dont you do sth.?= why not do sth.= why do/

16、 does sb. do.? 為什么不呢？(1) lets do sth. 讓我們一起做.。 (4) shall we/i do sth.? 我們做好嗎？(5) had better do/not do sth. 最好做/不做.(6) will/would you please do sth. 請你做(7) would you like to do sth.? 你想去.？(8) would you mind doing sth.？你介意做.？ 【回答】(1). 同意對方的建議時，一般用：（不包括 mind ）good idea. / thats good idea. 好主意 yes, plea

17、se. / id love to. 是的/ 我愿意ok/ all right. / great. 好/ 行/太好了 i agree with you. 我同意你的看法no problem. yes, i think so. 對，我也這樣想 sure./ of course./ certainly. 當然可以(2).表示委婉謝絕時，一般用：i dont think so. 我認為不是這樣 sorry, i cant. id loveto, but我愿意，但恐怕 im afraid 恐怕【語法】狀語從句分類：時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句、結果狀語從句、目的狀語從句等。1. until

18、引導的時間狀語從句 until“直到；在.之前”。和 not.until“直到.才”we wont start until bob come dont get off until the bus stops.2. so that 引導的目的狀語從句 so that 是連詞，“為的是，以便”，引導目的狀語從句。let me take down your telephone number so that i can call you later.3. although 引導的狀語從句 although the book was old, we decided to buy it. 盡管這本書很舊，

19、我們還是決定買。 【重點詞匯掌握】【短語】too many 太多 be good at 擅長 talk about 談論 on the phone 在電話中 look through 快 速查看，瀏覽.give back 歸還 big deal 重要的事 thanks for 因.而感謝 work out 成功地發(fā)展， 解決.get on with 和睦相處，communicate with sb.與.交談 next time 下次 make friends 交朋友 be worried about 擔心.be afraid of 害怕 cut out 刪除，刪去 all kinds of 各

20、種各樣的 in ones opinion 依.看 instead of 而不是，代替 want to do sth, 想要做某事 .find sb. doing sth. tell sb. to do sth. refuse to do sth. let sb. do sth. offer to do sth. not.until. want sb. to do sth. its time for sth. its + adj. + to do sth. keep on doing1. allow sb to do sth 允許 my parents dont allow me _( stay

21、)up late. 我父母不允許我熬夜。 2. angry adj. 生氣的 angrily adv. 生氣地1). be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 對某人生氣【with 后接人】1). be angry at/about sth.對某事感到生氣 【at 后接事】3.get on with 1)（事情）進展 2) 與友好相處get on with sb. =get along with sb.= be good with 和某人和睦相處；和某人關系良好get on well/ badly with 相處的好/壞4. compete v 競爭；對抗 compet

22、ition n 競爭1）. compete against/ with 與競爭 we cant compete with them on price.2）. compete for 為參加比賽 thirty people had to compete for only ten openings.3）. compete in,參加競爭，在上競爭、比賽 five children competed in the race. 三 opinion 5.1).comparewith把與.做比較 and they are always comparing them with other children.

23、2). compareto 把.比做people often compare the life to a stage.6.perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe 辨析1). perhaps 意為“也許，可能”，一般指比較小的可能性。2). probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性最大，表示一種幾乎完全肯定的意思。3). possibly 意為“可能，或許，也許”，可能性較大。4). maybe 副詞“或許，大概”，主要用于非正式場合，常用在口語中，語氣比 perhaps 輕。 5). may be 情態(tài)動詞+ be 結構，“也許”maybe you put the l

24、etter in your basket. 或許你把信放在你的籃子里了。7. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵 argue about sth. 爭論某事 argue against 爭辯；反對 argument n 爭論 have an argument with sb.與某人辯論【名】wrong, relation, cloud, pressure, opinion, skill,development, cause【動】 allow; guess; deal; communication; argue; communicate; explain; copy; return; co

25、mplete; continue; compare; push【形】elder, nervous, typical, crazy, clear, usual, quick, secondunit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?【語法】過去進行時 was/ were doing sth.【標志詞；四項句式】【重點詞匯掌握】短語：go off 離開 pick up 撿起 fall asleep 睡著 in silence 沉默 take down 記下 at first 首先 be in control of 掌管掌控 wait for

26、 等候 look for 尋找 make sure 確保 have fun (in) doing sth 玩的開心 die down 逐漸變弱，逐漸消失 take photos 照相 turn on / down 調大、小 right away 立刻，馬上 because of 因為 make ones way to 費力前往 tell the truth 說實話 point out 指出 three times a week 一周三次 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 see sb. doing sth.看某人做某事 try to do sth.努力做某事 have troub

27、le (in) doing sth.做某事有困難1. begin to do 和 begin doing 的區(qū)別1). 主語是物不是人： it begin to rain; the ice begins to melt2). 本身為 ing 形式： he is beginning to realize the importance of learning english.3). 其后動詞與想法、感情有關： they began to understand each other.4). to do 表示一次性的動作；而 doing 表示習慣性、長期性的動作。2. (1) also 也，用于肯定句

28、句中，用在實義動詞之前，系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后。(2) too 也，用于肯定句句末，需要加一個逗號。 (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末(4) as well 也，通常也放在句末，可以和 too 互換。3. against 倚；碰；撞,反對【反義詞 follow】4. (1) at first = at the beginning 最初，開始 (強調在時間順序或做某事過程等開始之初)(2) first of all 首先，第一 (表明陳述事情的重要性) ben could not sleep at first.5.die down 和 die out 的區(qū)別。die down

29、往往指火勢由強到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過程；die out 則指熄滅這一事實，不及 die down 普遍。指火的熄滅時，用die down 或 die out 皆可。含義用法位置例句everywhere處處；到處；各個地可方用于任何句式we have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhereanywhere某個地方任何地方多用于肯定句中 否定句疑問句you can go somewhere you like to. you cant go anywherecan i go anywhere i choose6. 【復習】詞義辨析： 1）

30、join /join in/ take part in 2）get/ reach/ arrive(1) we want to _ the running, do you want to _us?(2) do you want to_the school sport meeting?(3) i _ in china at 8:00, then i found a car to _ to a bus station, so i could take no.5 bus. i finally _ there at 12:00.7. remember to do sth 與 remember doing

31、 sth【復習：forget to do 沒做/ forget doing 做過】1 remember to do sth 記得要去做某事（此事還未做）2 remember doing sth 記得做過某事（此事已做完）jim, remember _(lock) the door before you leave for home.i remember _(lock) the door before i go home.8. wood 1)不可數，“木頭，木材”apiece of wood 一塊木頭2)可數名詞，意為“樹林”，常用復數 she is afraid of walk through

32、 the woods at night.9. fall asleep 意為“進入夢鄉(xiāng)，睡著” 反義詞：wake up 意為“醒來，把。弄醒”10. the rest of “剩余的?！?tom is from england and the rest of us are from china.11. silence 不可數名詞，意為“沉默，緘默，無聲”，常用短語：in silence 沉默，無聲silent 形容詞“寂靜的，無聲的”she is eating dinner in silence.12. have trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“做某事有困難或麻煩”have

33、 fun = have a good time= enjoy oneself 玩的開心，作樂 have fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣 13. close 1) 形容詞，意為“親密的，親近的，近的”jenny is one of my close friends.2) 動詞，意為“關閉” close the door, please.14. over 介詞，意為“多于；超過（某數量，時間，價錢等）”=more than。over “結束” class is over. 15. mean (meant, meant) 及物動詞，意為“意思是” what does this word

34、mean?meaning 名詞，意為“意思，含義”（既可數也不可數） what is the meaning of this word? 16.passage n. 章，節(jié)，段落【名】alarm, storm, light, report, area, wood, window, match, kid, passage, pupil, date, tower, truth 【動】alarm, begin, match, report, beat, rise, raise, realize, fall,unit 6 an old man tried to move the mountains.1

35、. speak, tell, talk、say 辨析(1) speak 指說話的能力或說某種語言，強調說的動作，不是所說的內容 speak english(2) tell 告訴；講述，強調講給別人聽。單方講 tell sb. sth.告訴某人某事；tell sb. about sth.告訴某人關于某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人（不要）做某事(3) talk 指連續(xù)不斷地講話，交談，側重兩者之間相互說話。talk with /to sb.；talk about(4) say 用作及物動詞，強調說話的內容 say it in english. 用英語說【記 1】(

36、1) 說某種語言用 speak speak english 說英語(2) 與某人交談用 talk talk with sb.= talk to sb. 與某人交談(3) 強調說話內容用 say say it in english 用英語說(4) 告訴某人用 tell tell sb. to do sth 告訴某人做某事2. silly，foolish, stupid,(1) foolish 無頭腦的、缺乏常識的、缺乏判斷能力的。(2) stupid 指“智力差的”、“反應遲鈍 的”。(3) silly 指“頭腦簡單、不懂事的”、“傻頭傻腦的”。dont be _!別傻！he is _ to throw away such a chance.mary made a _ mistake.瑪麗犯了一個笨拙的錯誤。3. other 其他的，后跟名詞，沒有數量限制(泛指).the other 另一個，兩者中的另一個 others 一些 （人） some others 一些 一些the others 其余的，指在一個范圍內的其他全部 another 另一個；另外的 只能修飾可數 名詞的單數.表示三者以上的不確數中的另一個.(1) i have two pens, one is a red, _ is a black.(2) lisa is ta