高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件第2模塊 語法填空 專題2　說明文型語法填空

1、專題二專題二 說明文型語法填空說明文型語法填空 專題導(dǎo)讀專題導(dǎo)讀 專題二專題二 專題導(dǎo)讀專題導(dǎo)讀 說明文是對(duì)事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的說明文是對(duì)事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的 發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說明的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說明的 一種文體。其語言特點(diǎn)有：一種文體。其語言特點(diǎn)有： 1多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或事多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或事 理的一種介紹與解釋。理的一種介紹與解釋。 2采用客觀描述。說明文一般是對(duì)客觀存在的說明與采用客觀描述。說明文一般是對(duì)客觀存在的說明與 介紹，因此，語言的表述

2、也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的介紹，因此，語言的表述也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的 感覺。感覺。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是答題過程中很關(guān)鍵的一步。做題時(shí)，首分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是答題過程中很關(guān)鍵的一步。做題時(shí)，首 先確定句子的主謂賓成分，看看該句子缺不缺謂語動(dòng)詞，然先確定句子的主謂賓成分，看看該句子缺不缺謂語動(dòng)詞，然 后再考慮非謂語動(dòng)詞或者其他成分。此時(shí)，要借助上下文的后再考慮非謂語動(dòng)詞或者其他成分。此時(shí)，要借助上下文的 暗示或明示，確定需要填入詞語的詞性、形式和功能等。暗示或明示，確定需要填入詞語的詞性、形式和功能等。 典例導(dǎo)練典例導(dǎo)練 專題二專題二 典例導(dǎo)練典例導(dǎo)練 the air we breathe i

3、s freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.for the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone _1_ (need) it.some people use the air to sustain them while _2_(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves._3_ breathe in the air and use the energy it provide

4、s to make_4_ magnificent life.opportunity is_5_ the same way; it is everywhere.it is_6_freely available that we take it for granted.yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success, it must_7_ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.so many people are so anxious to “get in” on a 專題二專題二 典例

5、導(dǎo)練典例導(dǎo)練 “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work thats _8_(possible)just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed.it takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, _9_.you must make use of it.thats not up to the opportunity, thats up t

6、o you.it doesnt matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but _10_ matters is what you do with it. 1_2._3._4._ 5_6._7._8._ 9_10._ 專題二專題二 典例導(dǎo)練典例導(dǎo)練 【解析解析】1needs考查主謂一致，由全文時(shí)態(tài)考查主謂一致，由全文時(shí)態(tài) 可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， everyone后用第三人稱單數(shù)。后用第三人稱單數(shù)。 2seated過去分詞作伴隨狀語，過去分詞作伴隨狀語， 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 “while they are seated”。 3others句型：

7、句型：some.others. 4a表示表示“一種奇妙的生活一種奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用，是泛指，故用 不定冠詞不定冠詞a。 5inin the way是固定搭配。是固定搭配。 專題二專題二 典例導(dǎo)練典例導(dǎo)練 6so句型：句型：so.that. 7be seized依據(jù)上下文的理解，依據(jù)上下文的理解， 可知句意表示可知句意表示“有有 機(jī)遇必須抓住，機(jī)遇必須抓住， 你才能成功你才能成功”。 8impossible依據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法，依據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法， 此處應(yīng)為此處應(yīng)為“不不 可能的可能的”， 故用故用“impossible”。 9however/though插入語，插入語， 意為意為“然而然

8、而”。 10what引導(dǎo)主語從句且在句中作主語，故用引導(dǎo)主語從句且在句中作主語，故用what。 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) (一一) two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil. the first seed said, “i want to grow! i want to send my roots deep into the soil _1_ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽芽) _2_ the earths crust above me.i want to open my tender buds(

9、蓓蕾蓓蕾) like banners to announce the _3_ (arrive) of spring.i want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水露水) on my petals(花瓣花瓣)！” and so she grew.the second seed said, “i am afraid.if i send my roots into the ground below, i dont know what i _4_(come) across in

10、 the dark.if i push my way through 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) the hard soil above me, i may damage my delicate sprouts. what if i let my buds open and a snail (蝸牛蝸牛) tries _5_(eat) them? and _6_ i were to open my blossoms, _7_ small child may pull me from the ground.no, it is much _8_ (good) for me to

11、 wait _9_it is safe.”and so she waited. a yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate _10_. 1_2._3._4._ 5_6._7._8._ 9_10._ 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】?jī)深w種子的故事，告訴我們懼怕冒險(xiǎn)和成長(zhǎng)，【解析】?jī)深w種子的故事，告訴我們懼怕冒險(xiǎn)和成長(zhǎng)， 最終要被生活吞沒。最終要被生活吞沒。 1beneath介詞，意為介詞，意為“在在之下之下”與下文的與

12、下文的 above相對(duì)。相對(duì)。 2through介詞，意為介詞，意為“穿過穿過”。 3arrival在冠詞后用名詞。在冠詞后用名詞。 4will come對(duì)未來的預(yù)測(cè)，句意為：我不知道在對(duì)未來的預(yù)測(cè)，句意為：我不知道在 黑暗之中將會(huì)遇到什么。黑暗之中將會(huì)遇到什么。 5to eat因因try表示表示“試圖做某事試圖做某事”，后接不定式。，后接不定式。 6ifif引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。 7a表示泛指的表示泛指的“某一個(gè)某一個(gè)”小孩，故用不定冠詞小孩，故用不定冠詞a。 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) 8better隱性比較級(jí)，即隱性比較級(jí)，即“等等”比比“長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)”好得多。句好得多。句 中中m

13、uch也提示我們要用比較級(jí)，因?yàn)橐蔡崾疚覀円帽容^級(jí)，因?yàn)閙uch常用來修飾比較常用來修飾比較 級(jí)，表示級(jí)，表示“得多得多”。 9until意為意為“直到直到”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 10itit指代前文中的指代前文中的the waiting seed。 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) (二二) what would you do if you failed? many people may choose to give up._1_ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick _2_ you

14、r goal.on your way to success, you _3_ keep your direction.it is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and _4_ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way._5_ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. direction means objectives.you can get nowhere _6_ an objective in life. 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)

15、測(cè) you can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve _7_.only in this way _8_ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time _9_(proper)and you should also have a belief _10_ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time. 1_2._3._4._ 5_6._

16、7._8._ 9_10._ 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】本文告訴我們，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是【解析】本文告訴我們，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是 堅(jiān)持你的方向和目標(biāo)。堅(jiān)持你的方向和目標(biāo)。 1however與前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格前后都有標(biāo)點(diǎn)，與前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格前后都有標(biāo)點(diǎn)， 用副詞用副詞however。 2tostick to意為意為“堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持”。 3must由語境不難揣摸出作者的語氣，句意為：在由語境不難揣摸出作者的語氣，句意為：在 通往成功的路上，你必須堅(jiān)持你的方向。通往成功的路上，你必須堅(jiān)持你的方向。 4helping與與guiding并列，一起補(bǔ)充說明并列，一起補(bǔ)充說明a

17、 lamp， 故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 5otherwise由本句與前句的邏輯關(guān)系可知，要填由本句與前句的邏輯關(guān)系可知，要填 表示表示“否則否則”的的otherwise。 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) 6without句意：人生如果沒有目標(biāo)，你將一事無成。句意：人生如果沒有目標(biāo)，你將一事無成。 7itit指代指代your objective。 8will/can句意：只有這樣，你才會(huì)知道句意：只有這樣，你才會(huì)知道 9properly修飾動(dòng)詞修飾動(dòng)詞spend作狀語用副詞。作狀語用副詞。 10that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，從句中不缺句子成分，且意引導(dǎo)同位語從句，從句中不缺句子成分，且意 義完整，

18、故填義完整，故填that。 專題二專題二 新題預(yù)測(cè)新題預(yù)測(cè) (三三) it happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying _1_ home in his mouth.now, _2_ his way home he had to cross a plank lying _3_a running brook._4_ he crossed, he looked _5_ and saw his own shadow _6_ (reflect) in the water beneath. thinking it was _7_ dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also.so he made a snap at _8_ shadow in the water, _9_ as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, _10_(drop) into the water and was never seen more. beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. 專題二專