中考英語專項練習(xí)之復(fù)合句 1 (賓語從句,定語從句)

1、中考英語專項練習(xí)之復(fù)合句(-) 初中階段常見的復(fù)合句包括賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句。一、賓語從句 在復(fù)合句中作賓語成分的從句叫做賓語從句。引導(dǎo)詞作賓語從句的句子 引導(dǎo)詞陳述句: that +主+謂+賓一般疑問句: if / whether+主+謂+賓sam asked me, “do you often ride a bike?sam asked me if i often rode a bike. 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+主+謂+賓: he asked his teacher how he could play the violin well.i dont know what i should

2、 do with the letter.簡單句:疑問詞+to do： 賓語從句的時態(tài): 主句一般現(xiàn)在時,從句可以根據(jù)需要的任意時態(tài). 主句一般過去時,從句是過去時. 主句一般過去時, 客觀真理,自然現(xiàn)象用一般現(xiàn)在時.【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】. 單項選擇( )1. he asked which film they _ about. a. will talk b. are going to talk c. was going to talk d. were talking( )2. do you know _ bike this is?a. that b. who c. why d. whose( )3. p

3、olly said no news _ good news. a. was b. were c. is d. are ( )4. we didnt know _ she was ready or not. a. when b. that c. whether d. what( )5. what did your pe teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? he said that i _ better.a. can do b. am c. will do d. could do( )6. i want to know w

4、hen _ have a field trip.well have it when all the work _.a. you are; will finish b. you will; finishes c. you will; is finished d. you; finish ( )7. could you tell me when _?at 10:25, in ten minutes. a. the bus will leave b. will the bus leavec. the bus has left d. had the bus left ( )8. do you know

5、 _ hell arrive here at 9:00 this morning?im afraid hell be late.a. that b. how c. why d. whether( )9. could you tell me _?she is a student in eton school.a. where kate is studying b. how kate was studying c. why kate was studying d. when kate studied( )10. do you know _ going to stay in london?no, i

6、 dont. maybe a few days. a. when he is b. how long he is c. when is he d. how long is he . 句型轉(zhuǎn)換11. he asked his teacher how he could play the violin well. (改為簡單句)he asked his teacher _ _ _ _ _ _.12. sam asked me, “do you often ride a bike?” (改為復(fù)合句)sam asked me _ _ _ _ _ _.13. i dont know what i shou

7、ld do with the letter. (改為簡單句)i dont know what _ _ with the letter. 14. “does light travel faster than sound?” tom asked. (改為復(fù)合句)tom asked _ _ _ _ _ _.15. she doesnt know how she gets to the bank. (改為簡單句)she doesnt know how _ _ _ _ _. 用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。16. i dont think the watch will _ (mend) well in

8、2 days. 17. she said that the sun _ (be) brighter than the moon. 18. i will take back what i _ (say).19. i wanted to know if he _ (can) mend the car. 20. she said that she _ (go) fishing last sunday. 21. she told me that they _ (talk) about a new book at this time yesterday. 22. im sure everything _

9、 (go) well. 23. i hope that i _ (visit) beijing soon. 24. i hear that tom _ (be) here for a week. 25. tom told his boss that he _ (finish) the work well if he _ (give) another chance. 二、定語從句在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞，并充當(dāng)其定語的從句叫做定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語從句常放在先行詞的后面，由關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose, which, that和關(guān)系副詞when,

10、where, why等引導(dǎo)。定語從句的謂語動詞的人稱變化與先行詞有關(guān)。（二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who/that/whom指人，在從句中做主語/賓語the people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語) mr. liu is the person (who/whom) you talked about. 注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。3. which/that指

11、物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略 (1) football is a game which/ that is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語) (2) this is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語)5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語“誰的”。 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.(3)t

12、he classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.（二）、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句在劇中做狀語。 關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) 1. where指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語用來表示地點的定語從句。 (1) shanghai is the city where i was born. shanghai is the city in which i wa

13、s born. (2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled down. the house in which i lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間。在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用 (1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school. (2) the time when we got together finally came.注表示時間“time一詞的定語從句只用

14、when引導(dǎo)，有時不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)。 i still remember the first time i met her. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她。 3. why指原因 在定語從句中做原因狀語 (1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 特別注意關(guān)系詞在從句中做什么成分，或者說從句缺少什么成分。1. i will never forget the days_we work together.2. i will never forget the days_we spent together. ( spe

15、nd time )3. i went to the place_ i worked ten years ago. 4. i went to the place_ i visited ten years ago. 5. i went to the place in _ i lived ten years ago. 6. this is the reason _he was late.7. this is the reason _he gave.8. this is the school _he studied at 20 years ago.9. this is the school _he s

16、tudied 20 years ago.注意:關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況: a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時,只能用that.例如: he was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個通過考試的人。 b.被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞時,只能用that,而不用which.例如: is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商

17、店里有什么東西要買嗎? c.先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等詞修飾時,只能用tha.例如: this is the same bike that i lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。 d. 先行詞里同時含有人或物時,只能用that.例如: i can remember well the persons and some pictures that i saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,為避免重復(fù).例如: who is the

18、 girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰? f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語的定語從句用that.例如: there is a book on the desk that belongs to tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。 關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況: a.先行詞為that, those時,用which, 而不用that.例如: whats that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么? b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時,一般用which,而不用that.例如: this is the room in

19、which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。 c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,用which, 而不用that.例如: tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來了,這使我們很高興。 【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列英語句子，每空一詞。1. 這就是那個幫助過我的人。this is the man _ _ me.2. 你在尋找的醫(yī)生在房間里。 the doctor _ you are looking for _ in the room.3. 你認識那個名叫李萍的女士嗎？do you know the lady _ name _ li ping?4. 我收到的那

20、封信是我父親寫來的。 the letter _ i received _ from my father. 5. 你還有什么要說的嗎？is there anything _ you _ to say?6. 你還記得我們幾天前拜訪過的那個人嗎？do you still remember the man _ _ _ a few days ago? 7. 那個在事故中斷了左臂的工人被送進了醫(yī)院。the worker _ left arm _ _ in the accident was sent to hospital.8. 這就是我出生的地方。this is _ _ _ i was born. 9.

21、這是我看過的最好的小說。 this is _ _ _ _ i have read.10. 這是你第二次給我們講這個故事了。this is your second time _ _ _ us the story. 單項選擇( )11. the boy _ helped me yesterday is playing soccer with his friends.a. whom b. who c. which d. whose( )12. the music _ the u2 band played was very popular. a. which b. who c. whom d. whose( )13. the girl _ skirt is red is toms sister. a. who b. whom c. whose d. that ( )14. this is the best way _ can help us earn lots of money.a. which b. who c. that d. when ( )15. anyone _ breaks the rules must be punished.a. whom b. whose c. which d. who( )