讀寫任務型 材料概括型作文 寫作訓練 高三英語

1、 丁溝中學2015高三英語一輪復習作文專練 2015.1 “讀寫任務式作文”寫作訓練Focus: 30詞的摘要怎么寫？（限時訓練十五作文）閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。As we all know, the “(passenger) transport during the Spring Festival period” has been a hot phrase all through the China land. The volume of passenger traffic(客運量) reaches its climax before and after t

2、he Spring Festival. Especially, the number of those who decide to go back to their hometown by train is increasing rapidly, so it promotes the short of the tickets of passenger train. Luckily, the Ministry of Railways(鐵道部) has come up with solutions. For instance, it arranges extra trains during the

3、 peak time for passenger transport as well as opens 24-hour ticket sales windows for passengers in order to ease the traffic pressure. Moreover, it helps to deliver train tickets to the doorsteps, providing convenience for passengers. One thing that has to be mentioned this year is about start of se

4、lling tickets on-line this year. For one thing, it to some degree shortens the time of purchasing tickets. However, most of the passengers are migrant workers returning home for Spring Festival. They are not familiar with the process of buying tickets and as a result cannot buy the tickets on time.

5、What is worse, many computers selling tickets broke down under too much pressure of operation. Therefore, many people blame such a method in that it doesnt suit nowadays situation.以約30個詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。【忌照抄原句！忌添加自己觀點！30詞左右！】1. 以約120個詞對“春運”進一步敘寫，內(nèi)容包括：（1）自己親身經(jīng)歷或者聽聞的一次火車春運的狀況；【第一人稱，過去時】（2）“網(wǎng)上售票”引起人們不滿的原因；【乘客

6、主體是農(nóng)民工，不懂購票；系統(tǒng)本身不夠先進。其實這兩點可以從閱讀材料中找到，但是必須用不同方式來表達】（3）給鐵道部或者農(nóng)民工提出解決“網(wǎng)上購票”問題的合理化建議?！踞槍ι弦欢翁岢龅膬煞矫鎲栴}來寫】寫作要求1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或者虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱。評分標準概括準確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語句連貫。【請你練習】劃出每段關鍵詞；替換成不同表達方式；關鍵詞：transport during the Spring Festival period”，solutions，selling tickets on-lin

7、e， However, passengers，blame范文：Although it is as crowded as usual during the “transport during the Spring Festival period”, many solutions have been raised. But this year, with another problem of buying tickets on-line appearing, many passengers are dissatisfied. Last year, I, together with my paren

8、ts, went to our hometown by train. At that time, you can imagine how crowded it was in the railway station and how difficult it was for us to buy a ticket. Worse still, it was raining and we had to wait in queue patiently for our turn to buy tickets. This year, things are much better. We can buy tic

9、kets through Internet. However, some other problems appear.Reasons for the problems of buying tickets on-line are divided. For migrant workers, lacking the knowledge of handling computers has trapped them into trouble. Also, the ticket-selling system is not advanced enough to cope with difficult sit

10、uations.To solve the problem, I suggest that not only should the Ministry of Railways update or better the ticket-selling system regularly but also provide more convenient and easy ways for migrant workers to buy tickets. As for migrant workers, they can learn to purchase their tickets on-line with

11、the help of Internet or co-workers. Choosing other means of transportation to return back is also available.附：廣東高考概括部分評分細則：1完全糊涂地照抄原文，連人稱都不改的，得0分；2機械死板地照抄原文，只改人稱的，得1分；3稍微靈活地抄原文，改主語，賓語、原文詞序的，得2分；4創(chuàng)造性地抄，改主語，賓語、原文詞序還有句子結構的，最多得3分。5結構、用詞，詞性變化比較好的4至5分。一、讀寫任務所提供的短文體裁多樣包括：議論文、記敘文(如用一個故事引出一個話題或道理)、新聞報道/說明文（說

12、明一種現(xiàn)象）等。題材多為當今社會熱點問題，難度不會太高。用大約30詞來概括這篇短文的意思，不能抄襲原文中的句子。要求概括精煉、到位。二、概括部分包含幾種能力1、看清文章的體裁和結構，反映出原文中作者的觀點。2、具有意義篩選的能力，學會區(qū)分事實和觀點、重要和次要、普遍與特殊、相關與不相關、原因和結果等復雜的邏輯關系。3、有用英文解釋英文的能力，用自己簡單的語言解釋比較復雜的語言文字，不能抄襲原文。3、 不同文體的概括方式1、議論文-找出論點、結論， 再補充論據(jù) 議論文的要點：論點 論據(jù) 結論有的議論文是對兩種不同觀點或相反觀點的論說，我們在作文時要把兩種觀點的內(nèi)容都概括進去。第一篇More an

13、d more students are doing part-time jobs in holidays. There are many advantages in students doing part-time jobs. For example, earning some money can support them. They can also learn a lot which cant be learned from textbooks. They will learn to get along with different kinds of people, get useful

14、work experience and learn to value money. Thus they will apply themselves to society more easily. However, some people think there are also some disadvantages. Too much work may reduce students study time when they should get the best of their school life. Thus it will have a bad effect on gaining k

15、nowledge. Another disadvantage is that money earned, if not proper used, may lead to some bad habits, or even greed.寫作內(nèi)容 1)概括短文的內(nèi)容要點，該部分的字數(shù)大約30詞左右; 2)就“中學生應不應該從事假期打工”這一話題發(fā)表你的看法，至少包括以下的內(nèi)容要點，該部分大約120詞左右; a)關于假期打工，你的看法是什么? b)陳述你贊成打工或不贊成打工的原因。 c)如果你贊成打工，你將怎樣對待學習；或者如果你贊成不打工，你將怎樣了解社會? 寫作要求你可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持

16、你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不可抄襲閱讀材料的句子。解題指導：步驟1認真閱讀全文，確定議論文的基本結構，劃出短文的論點和結論。More and more students are doing part-time jobs in holidays. There are many advantages in students doing part-time jobs. For example, earning some money can support them. They can also learn a lot which cant be learned from textbook

17、s. They will learn to get along with different kinds of people, get useful work experience and learn to value money. Thus they will apply themselves to society more easily. However, some people think there are also some disadvantages. Too much work may reduce students study time when they should get

18、 the best of their school life. Thus it will have a bad effect on gaining knowledge. Another disadvantage is that money earned, if not proper used, may lead to some bad habits, or even greed. 即：There are many advantages in students doing part-time jobs. 步驟2在文中找出各論據(jù)，改寫。論點:There are two different opin

19、ions about whether students should take a part-time job in holidays. 論據(jù)一: Earning some money can support them. 論據(jù)二: They will apply themselves to society more easily. 論據(jù)三: It will have a bad effect on gaining knowledge. 論據(jù)四：Money earned, if not proper used, may lead to some bad habits, or even greed

20、. 現(xiàn)在，練習用英文對上面的句子進行paraphrase (用英文解釋英文)，完成對原文的概括。范文：【論點】There are two different opinions about whether students should take a part-time job in holidays. 【論點一及論據(jù)】Some think its good for them, for they can not only earn some money but also get society experiences. 【論點二及掄據(jù)】Others think its harmful to st

21、udents, which will have bad influence on their study and may make them get into bad habits步驟3完成對文章的概括步驟4就題目要求的內(nèi)容一一作答，并表明你的現(xiàn)實情況及你的觀點。你的觀點可以是同意或者反對文章的觀點，也可以對文章的各種觀點進行折中。內(nèi)容要點：a) 關于假期打工，你的看法是什么?b) 如果你贊成打工，你將怎樣對待學習；或者如果你贊成不打工，你將怎樣了解社會?為了緊扣內(nèi)容要點，建議使用航標式主題句來凸現(xiàn)我們的個人見解，例如： 1) I usually do (or not do ) part-ti

22、me job2) In my opinion, 3) It is to do (or not do ) part-time job 4) Besides it 這樣，第一，可以保證不離題，有的放矢地瞄準內(nèi)容要點的要求；第二，可以幫助讀者追蹤我們的思路。步驟5你的觀點的論據(jù)（或支持句）。陳述你贊成打工或不贊成打工的原因。步驟6總結或?qū)δ愕挠^點擴展、升華。 最后，我們用一個總表來總結這篇文章的寫作框架。同學們嘗試寫一下。 概括部分論點There are two different opinions about whether students should take a part-time job

23、 in holidays.論點一及論據(jù)論點二及論據(jù)個人見解部分你的現(xiàn)實情況你的觀點論據(jù)一論據(jù)二附：英語議論文根據(jù)命題特點，從形式上來看可分為如下類型: “一分為二”的觀點。如“轎車大量進入家庭后，對家庭、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟可能產(chǎn)生的影響” 。 “兩者選一”的觀點。如“乘火車還是乘飛機” 。“我認為”型。如“你對課外閱讀的看法” 。“怎樣（how to）”型。如“怎樣克服學習中碰到的困難”。 第二篇閱讀下列短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 The Internet was a great invention of the last century. With its invention,

24、 the whole world has been changed and our life has been changed, too. We can read books without going to libraries; we can do shopping without going to department stores; we can travel wherever we want to without leaving our home; we can talk to people known or unknown. Because of the Internet, the

25、world is more exciting, and our life is more colorful. However, when we enjoy the advantages the Internet has brought us, we should not ignore (忽略) the disadvantages. The Internet also has many negative (消極的) effects on our life. Many young people have become addicted (上癮的)to online chatting and pla

26、ying games. The longer they stay on1ine, the more difficult it is for them to live in the real world. Whats more, some students even will give up their studies once they get into the habit of surfing on the Internet. So many parents are even afraid of computers. 主題句: Because of the Internet, the wor

27、ld is more exciting, and our life is more colorful. The Internet also has many negative effects on our life.論點1之論據(jù)：With its invention, the whole world has been changed and our life has been changed, too. We can read books without going to libraries; we can do shopping without going to department sto

28、res; we can travel wherever we want to without leaving our home; we can talk to people known or unknown.論點2之論據(jù)：Many young people have become addicted (上癮的) to online chatting and playing games. The longer they stay on1ine, the more difficult it is for them to live in the real world. Whats more, some

29、 students even will give up their studies once they get into the habit of surfing on the Internet.改寫概括：Since its invention, the Internet has changed the whole world and is making our life more and more exciting, colorful and easier. But the addiction to it has become a great danger .第三篇閱讀下列短文，然后按照要求

30、寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 In one way of thinking, failure is part of life. In another way, failure may be a way towards success. The “spider (蜘蛛) story” is often told. Robert Bruce, the leader of the Scots (蘇格蘭) in the 13th century, was hiding in a cave. He watched a spider spinning a web (織網(wǎng)). The spider tri

31、ed to reach across a rough place in the rock. He tried six times to span (跨過) the gap. On the seventh time he made it and went on to spin his web. Bruce is said to have taken heart and to have gone to defeat the Englishman. Edison, the inventor of the light bulb (燈泡), made hundreds of models that fa

32、iled before he found the right way to make one. Once he was asked why he kept on trying to make a new type of battery (電池) when he had failed so often, he replied,“Failure?I have no failure. Now I know 50,000 ways it wont work.”【請你概括】_二、說明文/新聞報道-中心句(通常在首段)+現(xiàn)象+形成原因+解決方法或建議第四篇閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的短文

33、。Everyone needs encouragement. Sometimes many people in this world feel discouraged, unworthy, or unlovable. You can make a difference if you honestly and sincerely encourage them. Let them know that they are capable, and they can finish many tasks.Teenagers and children both need to be encouraged.

34、As friends, we should talk with them and give them a clear picture of how you see them doing something well. Let them talk about their dreams. Be sure that they will be able to do what they want to do. Praise them for their accomplishments. Encourage them to do something more challenging. Don t let

35、them have a self-pity party.寫作內(nèi)容 1概括短文的內(nèi)容要點，該部分大約30詞； 2每個人都需要鼓勵，鼓勵對于每一個人來說都是很重要的。你是如何看待“鼓勵”的?請談談你的看法，該部分大約120詞。 1)在我們的生活中應該以鼓勵為主。父母應該多鼓勵自己的孩子；老師應該多鼓勵他們的學生； 2)當我們的朋友灰心喪氣時，我們應該用言語鼓勵他們，用行動支持他們； 3)在鼓勵別人的同時也要鼓勵自己。鼓勵自己能增強自信，能讓我們把事情做得更好。 寫作要求 你可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的觀點，也可以參照閱讀材料中的內(nèi)容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料中的句子。解題1認真閱讀全文，確定文章結

36、構類型。在原文中找出主題或題句，及說明的要點。見原文。2對主題和結論進行paraphrase。A.Encouragement is so important that everyone in this world needs it, especially teenagers and children. We need it to feel worthy, lovable and more self-confident, but not self-pity. B.Everyone is in need of encouragement, which is very important. Enco

37、uraged by others, people will have more courage to do what they like to do.3對寫作內(nèi)容要求的1）2）3）作答。4對主題升華：No punishment, less criticism, but more encouragement.第五篇閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的短文。 Opportunities dont come often. They come every once in a while. Very often, they come quietly and go by without bein

38、g noticed. Therefore, it is advisable that you should value and treat them with care. An opportunity presents itself, and it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your goals, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.

39、Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you. As a Chinese proverb goes, The gods cannot help those who do not seize opportunities. It is clear that in order to be highly qualified for our future jobs, we should make preparations. Opportunities are also the basi

40、s of success, because a person who doesnt pay attention to opportunities will never know the importance of them.寫作內(nèi)容 1概括短文的內(nèi)容要點，該部分大約30詞；2在我們的一生中，機遇是非常重要的。那么，你是怎么看待機遇的?請發(fā)表你的觀點，至少包括以下內(nèi)容，該部分大約120詞。 1)機遇對于每一個人來說都是平等的，它會悄悄地來到我們身邊； 2)我們應該做好一切準備，等機會到來時，我們就抓住它； 3)很多成功的人能夠抓住機會； 4)作為當今社會的年輕人，我們要珍惜機會，并好好利用它?！?/p>

41、請你概括】在原文中找出主題句或論點、論據(jù)，并paraphrase。_3、 記敘文-五個w: 何時 (when), 何地 (where), 何人 (who), 何事 (what) ,結果如何 (how) 夾敘夾議型: 加上作者的看法或感想等, 以第三人稱或無人稱來概括解題步驟1認真閱讀全文，注意文章中所用的形容詞、動詞及名詞的色調(diào)，用以判斷作者或主人公的態(tài)度，結合寫作內(nèi)容和要求，確定文章的主題。2概括全文。將故事的時間、地點、人物、事件等及所反映的主題，簡明扼要的表述出來。基本上可以用兩句概括?？梢杂萌缦乱恍┚涫剑篈：The story tells/shows ussb. did sth. so

42、me place. time.B：From the story，we know that The story tells us/ informs us the fact/ the truth/ the principal/ a good way/ 3就題目要求的內(nèi)容一一作答，或就文章的主題表明你的現(xiàn)實情況及你的觀點。4你的主題的支持句或主題的展開、升華。第六篇閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的短文。It was a sunny Saturday afternoon in Oklahoma City. A proud father, Bobby Lewis was taking hi

43、s two Little boys to play miniature golf. He walked up to the man at the ticket counter and said, How much is it to get in?The young man replied, Three dollars for you and three dollars for any kid who is older than six. We let them in for free if they are six or younger. How old are they?”Bobby rep

44、lied, The younger is three and the older is seven, so I guess I give you six dollars. The man at the ticket counter said, Hey, mister, you could have saved yourself three dollars. You could have told me that the older one was six. I wouldnt have known the difference. Bobby replied, “Yes, that may be

45、 true, but the kids would have known the difference. There are some times when ethics (道德) are more important than anything else. Make sure you set a good example for everyone you work and live with.寫作內(nèi)容 1概括短文的內(nèi)容要點，該部分大約30詞；2你認為這位父親做得對嗎？假如是你，你也會這么做嗎？請發(fā)表你的觀點，該部分大約120詞。解題步驟1認真閱讀全文，注意文中的劃線部分，判斷作者或主人公的態(tài)

46、度，結合寫作內(nèi)容和要求，確定文章的主題。Ethics are the most important.2概括全文。將故事的時間、地點、人物、事件等及所反映的主題，簡明扼要的表述出來。This is a story about a father with noble-minded ethics. The father would rather spend more money than tell a lie that his older son is less than six.3就題目要求的內(nèi)容一一作答，或就文章的主題表明你的現(xiàn)實情況及你的觀點。4你的主題的支持句或主題的展開、升華。3、4兩部分

47、的作文，我們可以按“你認為這位父親做得對嗎？假如是你，你也會這么做嗎？”為議論文的線索，以Ethics are the most important.為主題，用漢語議論文的方法展開這篇120詞的作文。第七篇There is a 17-year-old girl who was recently reported in the Brirish Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games

48、 and machines and she could the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness (知覺)and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a pa

49、rticular frequency.This matter has generated (引起) a heated discussion all over the world. Some people are against using the Internet, for, some parents think, the Internet call seem like a jungle, filled with danger for their children. But many people are fond of using the Internet. They think the w

50、orld is becoming srnaller and smaller because of the Internet. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You call buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. 【請你概括】_四、寫作模板【議論文的概要模板】The essay/passage/author highlights the importa

51、nce of encouragement for students.The essay/passage/author argues in support of , stating that 【記敘文的概要模板】第一行：題目第一段：Thetextismainlyabout（原文的關鍵人物或話題等）。Inthewriters(或文章的主要人物)opinion，(原文要說明的道理或論點，即原文的關鍵詞或短語)。第二段：Idoagreewiththewriter(或文章的主要人物).Inmyopinion，Ialsothink(原文的道理或論點).Foronething，(第一個理由).Foranot

52、herthing，(第二個理由).第三段：Looking back, there are so many similarstoriesinmylifeandIchooseoneofthemto showtoyou.TherewasatimewhenI(一篇能說明該道理或論點的記敘文，注意要寫具體時間、地點、人物，事件的經(jīng)過等。中間要使用諺語，萬能句型等。)第四段：Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecansafelydrawaconclusionthat(原文要說明的道理或論點).a.點明寫作目的類：The writer tells us（主題）by showing

53、 us an example of, who/which（故事情節(jié)）.b.作者經(jīng)歷類：In the passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing sth, whichc. 他人經(jīng)歷類：This passage is mainly about sbs experience of doing sth.【說明文概要模板】a. 現(xiàn)象揭示類：This article points out the common phenomenon .（主題), which.（補充解釋）.b. 利弊對比類：The article compares

54、the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B.c. 研究顯示類：The study reveals(揭露) thatThe purpose of the report is to show that【概括大意時應注意的幾個事項】1. 不可遺漏要點。概括要點占5分。2. 不可一字不漏地完全照抄原文。( 但可以靈活地改動，特別對基礎差的同學)3. 不可加入自己的觀點. 必須忠于原文、忠于作者。4. 不要概括太廣，缺乏針對性，也不要只針對原文某個細節(jié)太狹窄。5. 不要用列舉、描繪性語言當成概括性語言。6. 不要只用一個簡單句來概括，或?qū)懙锰嗑渥樱▎卧~）。7. 要注意文體特征。文體不同, 概括的方式也不同。8. 不要把概括跟下文寫成一起。（即要求分段）9. 不要用序號標概括和下文，注意概括和下文構成一個不可分隔、完整的文章?！菊埬憔毩暋?. It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell, but she was fast asleep, so I got a ladder