writing強(qiáng)化2語(yǔ)言潤(rùn)色講義

1、專業(yè)好文檔寫作講義21、a) dissatisfaction makes people produce desire for better things.b) dissatisfaction impels people for the better. a) the progress i have made makes me surprised.b) the progress i have made surprises me.a) this makes me conclude that money doesnt mean everything. (金錢不是萬(wàn)能的)b) this leads me

2、 to the conclusion that money doesnt mean everything. a) her red face made me see through his mind.b) her red face told me what she was thinking about.a) the sight of these pictures made me remember my own childhood.b) the sight of these pictures reminded me of my own childhood.a) a sudden shout mad

3、e him stand up.b) a sudden shout brought him to feet.a) this society still makes women unable to enjoy equal rights.b) women are still denied equal rights. 2、a) more and more students find learning english has become more and more difficult.b) students in growing numbers find learning english has be

4、come increasingly difficult.a) more and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.b) teenage smoking is on the rise in recent years.a) more and more teachers are demanded with the development of economy.b) there is an increasing demand for teachers with as a consequence of the development of e

5、conomy.3、a) most students take a part-time job after class.b) the vast majority of students take a part-time job after class.a) most people take part in sports of different kinds.b) the considerable proportion of people take part in sports of different kinds.a) most college students take a negative

6、attitude towards smoking.b) the large percentage of college population takes a negative attitude towards smoking.a) greatness is built upon tremendous amount of study, practice and devotion.b) a chinese philosopher once remarked that a leader must have the grace of a good dancer, and there is a grea

7、t deal of wisdom to this.c) the companies often run into conflicts-a multitude of little things that escalate into big battles.d) her function is to pass on to students that vast store of knowledge she has acquired.e) but in the evening the overwhelming majority of the public prefers to stay at home

8、 to watch a movie rather than go out.f) a sizable percentage of the pioneers were self-disciplined people, but they were almost as intolerant of others views.g) large segments of the population of many developing countries are economically powerless.i) an organization, for instance, recently examine

9、d a very large number of men working in a construction site.k) thus the bulk of the language acquisition of the high school graduate takes place informally first in the home.4、a) the factors for a rise in teenage smoking are not only social but also psychological.b) the factors for a rise in teenage

10、 smoking are psychological as well as social.a) taking a part-time job can not only earn a little money, but also have an opportunity to contact with society.b) taking a part-time job means more than a little money you can earn. it also means an opportunity to contact with society.a) old people go t

11、o park not only to do exercise but also to make friends.b) old people go to park as much for companionship as for exercise.5. a leave much to be desired d. （遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意/還有很多值得改進(jìn)的地方）eg.the condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. （我們的交通狀況遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意。）當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜卧O(shè)施還有很多值得改進(jìn)的地方。你們的服務(wù)我實(shí)在是不敢恭維。b it is concei

12、vable that + 句子 e. （可想而知的）eg.it is conceivable that knowledge plays a decisive role in our life. （可想而知，知識(shí)在我們的一生中起著決定性的作用。）可想而知，沒有任何社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的大學(xué)生是不會(huì)受用人單位歡迎的。他幾乎沒有復(fù)習(xí)就參加了考試，結(jié)果可想而知。c bring home to + 人 + 事 （讓.明白.事）eg.we should bring home to people the value of honesty. （我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白誠(chéng)實(shí)的價(jià)值。）應(yīng)該采取有力措施讓人們明白遵守交通規(guī)則的意義。

13、我們需要下大力氣才可能讓人們明白盜版的危害。dholds the potential to do f. (有可能)eg.the pay-for-seniority system holds the potential to discourage the best employees.論資排輩的薪酬體制有可能讓那些最優(yōu)秀的員工灰心?？垂ぷ鞒煽?jī)的薪酬體制很有可能調(diào)動(dòng)員工的創(chuàng)造性。the merit-based system _.民辦學(xué)校的存在有可能推動(dòng)公立學(xué)校的改革。the existence of private educational institutions _.e. to b, a is

14、a mixed blessing. (a在給b帶來(lái)好處的同時(shí)也存在一些弊端)eg.to man, the internet is a mixed blessing. （互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在給人類帶來(lái)好處的同時(shí)也存在一些弊端。）科學(xué)技術(shù)在給人類帶來(lái)好處的同時(shí)也存在一些弊端。考試在給我們的社會(huì)帶來(lái)好處的同時(shí)也存在一些弊端。f. there is evidence that （有證據(jù)表明）eg.there is evidence that todays college students put more emphasis on material things. (有證據(jù)表明現(xiàn)在的大學(xué)生更加重視物質(zhì)。)有證據(jù)表明

15、學(xué)歷高通常收入就高。有證據(jù)表明經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家往往都極其重視教育。g. there are good reasons to h. (我們有足夠的理由)eg.there are good reasons to believe this trend will be reversed. （我們有足夠的理由相信這種趨勢(shì)將會(huì)得到扭轉(zhuǎn)。）我們有足夠的理由相信人類將會(huì)繼續(xù)生存并興盛。我們有足夠的理由相信這個(gè)問題將會(huì)得到解決。h. a is as beautiful as beautiful can be. (非常) eg.the scenery there is as beautiful as beautif

16、ul can be. （那兒的風(fēng)景非常美麗。）它們截然不同。這本詞典非常有用。i. stand up to the evidence (（觀點(diǎn)）是站得住腳的/有根據(jù))bear close scrutiny/examination (經(jīng)得起仔細(xì)的推敲)eg.such arguments just dont stand up to the evidence.such arguments just dont bear close scrutiny. （這種觀點(diǎn)是沒有根據(jù)的）。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：(語(yǔ)法)1、 句子結(jié)構(gòu)的精確性：2、 句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性 a句型的開端多變化 (種種方式) b 包含從句 (狀語(yǔ)從句，

17、定語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等)step 1：沒有語(yǔ)法概念，低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤一大堆step 2：句子結(jié)構(gòu)沒有什么錯(cuò)誤，但多為簡(jiǎn)單句step 3：努力做復(fù)雜句子結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)會(huì)用亮點(diǎn)句型去包裝，英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句子成分a主語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成：名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句1his father works in a factory2seeing a film is better than listening to the radio（its no use telling him the news）3to learn english well is not easy（it is not easy to learn english

18、 well）4what he told me yesterday was to study harder5when they will come hasnt been decided6that we need more money is quite obvious（its a pity that you have missed such a good film）b賓語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成：名詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、從句1he bought some books yesterday2thank you for coming3ill send him the book4the news made him feel

19、very sad5i dont know whether hell come or not6lets see how we can do itc謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞 （每一句話只有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，并列謂語(yǔ)只算一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，其他動(dòng)詞必須用非謂語(yǔ)形式。）1he wants to go to buy a ticket2there are a lot of boys on the playground playing football3he went out of the room quickly, followed by his dog4after telling him the news, we began

20、 to eat the bananas served by his wifed定語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成：形容詞（短語(yǔ)、從句）1the american teacher spoke so slowly that everyone in the class could follow him2a man called jack wrote this book3the woman sitting there, watching tv, is our english teacher4the meeting to be held next monday will be important5the only reason

21、 why he did it was that he needed moneye狀語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成：副詞（短語(yǔ)、從句）1i get up at 6:00 in the morning2i was writing when he came in3as luck would have it, no one was hurt when the boiler exploded句子結(jié)構(gòu)點(diǎn)石成金1、a) we may think more of the elderly who live apart from their children.b) more thoughts may be given to the e

22、lderly who live apart from their children. a) we know very little about the nature of human beings.b) little is known about the nature of human beings.a) because of public demand, many evening schools have appeared.b) many evening schools have been called into existence by public demand.a) the young

23、 man drove the old truck at top speed and the motor was damaged.b) the young man drove the old truck at top speed and damaged the motor.a) the professor left the classroom after the lecture was finished.b) the professor left the classroom after he finished the lecture.a) he lived in the countryside

24、for two years, and his life there was always remembered by him.b) he lived in the countryside for two years, and he always remembered his life there.2、business brought me to town.the want of his family had kept him from school.bad weather prevented us from sailing last nightwaiting for the rain to s

25、top made me impatient yesterday evening.a) many people think birth control is quite necessary in china.b) it is widely (commonly) thought/ believed/ held/ accepted) that birth control is quite necessary in china.a) we eventually find a new pattern.b) a new pattern eventually emerges.a) more and more

26、 people agree (realize/ are aware) that women should enjoy full equality with men.b) there is a growing agreement (realization/ awareness) that women should enjoy full equality with men.a) many chinese people have gone to the united states in the past 15 years.b) the past 15 years has brought many c

27、hinese people to the united states. a) we almost forget this event.b) this event is now almost fading from our memory. a) students should certainly make continuous efforts.b) continuous efforts on the part of the students are certainly required.a) we easily drew the conclusion through the investigat

28、ion.b) the investigation easily led us to the conclusion.3、a) the style of living has become more and more popular and been accepted by more and more young people.b) the style of living has found its growing popularity and acceptance among young people.a) it is time for us to revise educational syst

29、em and then provide it to our society.b) it is time for us to furnish our society with a revised educational system.a) if we dont recognize the serious problem of growing population, we will make a big mistake.b) failure to recognize the seriousness of growing population will lead to a big mistake.a

30、) if we are watching too much tv, our reading ability will be seriously affected.b) too much /heavy exposure to tv will exert a negative effect on our reading ability.a) although i anticipate for months, nothing could have prepared me for the impact of the actual day. b) despite months of anticipati

31、on, nothing could have prepared me for the impact of the actual day.a) comparing the two pictures we can conclude that the flowers in a greenhouse are too weak to bear the harsh environment.b) a comparison between the two pictures can lead us to a conclusion that flowers in a greenhouse are too weak

32、 for the harsh environment.a) tv can lead to family life becoming impoverished.b) tv can lead to the impoverishment of family life.a) the ground is accumulated with fallen leaves, shriveled and dry, like innumerable faces staring up, lined and tired.b) the ground is covered with an accumulation of f

33、allen leaves, shriveled and dry, like innumerable faces staring up, lined and tired.a) all our efforts aim to improve quality.b) all our efforts are aimed at improving quality.c) all our efforts are aimed at the improving of quality.d) all our efforts are aimed at the improvement of quality.4、a) eve

34、ry young boy and girl wants to earn a little money to help cover higher college cost.b) there is hardly a young boy and girl who doesnt want to earn a little money to help cover higher college cost.a) whenever you pick up a newspaper, you will always find advertisements.b) it is impossible to pick u

35、p a newspaper without finding advertisements.a) gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story is the best pastimes to bring a family close together.b) few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father reading a good story.a) fo

36、od is the most basic issue to individual and national survival.b) no issue is as basic to individual and national survival as food.亮點(diǎn)句型a. no + 名詞 + can be too + 形容詞 / a + 名詞 + cannot be too + 形容詞eg. no driver can be too careful. /a driver cannot be too careful. （當(dāng)司機(jī)的越小心越好。）當(dāng)老師的越博學(xué)越好。 一個(gè)人似乎越有錢越好。b. c

37、annot overemphasize the importance of （再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào).的重要性也不為過。）eg.we cannot overemphasize the importance of protecting our eyes. (我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。)很多教師認(rèn)為，學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)的重要性再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)也不為過。教育的重要性再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)也不為過。c. nothing could be further from the truth. 再?zèng)]有比這更荒謬的了。eg.some argue that women are intellectually inferior to men.

38、nothing could be further from the truth. （有些人認(rèn)為女性在智力上不如男性。再?zèng)]有比這更荒謬的了。）有些人認(rèn)為有錢就有了一切。再?zèng)]有比這更荒謬的了。有人認(rèn)為考試應(yīng)該被廢除。再?zèng)]有比這更荒謬的了。5、a) if there is an emergency, call 999.b) in the event of an emergency call 999.a) john was criticized because he refused to follow the instructions.b) john was criticized for his re

39、fusal to follow the instructions.a) because we are short of time, we have to omit some places of historical interest.b) shortness of time has required the omission of some places of historical interest.a) if you compare bicycles with cars carefully, you will find bicycles are superior to cars.b) car

40、eful comparison of bicycles with cars will show the superiority of the former over the latter.a. because my schedule was so busy, i was not able to attend susans birthday party.b. my busy schedule didnt allow me to attend susans birthday party.c. i was not able to attend susans birthday party for th

41、e simple reason that (the reason being that) my schedule was so busy.a) if we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good results.b) the application of book knowledge alone wont bring you good results.a. because we cannot apply book knowledge to practice, we cannot handle real problems in societ

42、y.b. the inability to apply book knowledge to practice will prevent us from handling real problems in society.a) if we can better understand the greater pressure of population growth, we will have a correct attitude towards family planning.b) a better understanding of the greater pressure of populat

43、ion growth is essential to (will lead to) a correct attitude towards family planning.a) when a woman sees that she is going to be laid off, she begins to worry all day and night.b) the mere prospect of lay-off would set a woman to worry all day and night.6、避免使用語(yǔ)意弱的“be”動(dòng)詞。1. 將作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯?dòng)詞。例如：a)

44、the team members are good players。b) the team members play well。a ) one workers plan is the elimination of tardiness。b) one workers plan eliminates tardiness。2. 在以“here”或“there”開頭的句子中，把“be”動(dòng)詞后的名詞代詞變成改寫句的主語(yǔ)。例如：a) there is no opportunity for promotion。b) no opportunity for promotion exists。a ) here ar

45、e the books you ordered。b) the books you ordered have arrived。a) the summer palace is one of the biggest and oldest parks in china. there are many famous architectures which make it quite different from other parks.b) many famous architectural features distinguish the summer palace, one of the bigge

46、st and oldest parks in china.3. 使用具體動(dòng)詞a) the spirit of mutual respect is the basis of our cultural cooperation.b) the framework of mutual respect sustains our own cultural cooperation.a) self-conception is the basis of ones attitude towards success and failure.b) self-conception underlies ones attit

47、ude towards success and failure.7.結(jié)論句型1) as long as we act intelligently and promptly, we can surely solve the problem of water shortage.只要我們快速機(jī)靈的采取行動(dòng)，我們就能解決問題.2) as long as we take effective measures, the problems caused by the aged society will be reduced to the smallest extent.只要我們采取有效措施,由導(dǎo)致的問題將會(huì)

48、背減少到最小的程度。3) as long as the government and individuals strive hard（拼搏）, there will certainly be a way out for the laid-off workers.只要我們的政府和我們個(gè)人努力拼搏，下崗職工將會(huì)找到一條自救之路。4) whatever changes are responsible for the rise in divorce rate, one thing is certain: there is a significant change in peoples traditio

49、nal views of marriage and divorce.不管什么是離婚率上升的原因，有一點(diǎn)是肯定的：5) in short (in a word /all in all / to sum up), great efforts should be made to enhance ethic and moral education when high priority is given to the economic development.總而言之，當(dāng)我們首先強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的時(shí)候，我們也要付出很大努力，去提高人們的道德倫理方面的教育.6) it is only when these m

50、easures are put into practice that the shortage of water can be solved.只有當(dāng)這些措施在實(shí)踐中被采取，.將得以解決。7) only when the old age problem is well handled can we maintain a stable and harmonious society.只有，我們才能.(必須倒裝)8) if people from all walks of life pay enough attention to this problem, our life in the city w

51、ill certainly be more enjoyable.如果人們始終關(guān)注這一問題的話，我們的生活會(huì)更美好。9) judging from all evidence offered, we can safely come to the conclusion that coeducation is beneficial to the psychological and intellectual growth of both boy and girl students.通過上面給予的論證我們可以得出以下結(jié)論： 10) from what has been discussed above, w

52、e may come to(arrive at / reach/draw) the conclusion that the city is a better place for childrens education.通過以上論述，我們可以得出以下結(jié)論：11) 至于說到我，我贊成前一種觀點(diǎn)。所以，我的結(jié)論是，只要我們堅(jiān)持正確的東西，改正錯(cuò)誤的東西，我們就定能成功。as far as im concerned, im in favor of the former view. therefore, my conclusion is that we are certain to succeed as

53、 long as we stick to what is right and correct what is wrong.12). 就我而言，我反對(duì)擁有私家車。為把清潔的空氣、寬闊安全的道路和富饒的石油資源留給子孫后代，我們對(duì)私家車只能說“不”；我認(rèn)為最好發(fā)展公公共交通來(lái)代替私家車。這樣我們可以保護(hù)環(huán)境并節(jié)省大量能源。personally, i am opposed to owning private cars. in order to leave clean air, wide and safe roads and abundant oil resources to our future g

54、enerations, we have to say “no” to private cars. i think it is better to develop mass transit to replace them. only in this way, can we protect our environment and save massive amounts of energy resources. 13) 總之，該讓專業(yè)環(huán)境專家積極努力來(lái)結(jié)束這種令人沮喪的形勢(shì)了。盡管我們還有許多 困難要克服，但是我相信，明天將變得更美好、更光明。我們盼望一個(gè)充滿希望的未來(lái)。in short, it

55、is high time that professional environmentalists made intensive efforts to put an end to this discouraging situation. although we still have along way to go, i am sure that tomorrow will be much better and brighter. we are looking forward to a promising future. winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two t

56、ries in the kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but australia have not conceded a try

57、 since josh charnleys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.aussie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rugby league international federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has attracted