牛津英語Module5_unit3Grammar and usage

1、used as an adjective or adverb Grammar and usage 過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語 1.Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. =Most of the people who were invited to the party were famous scientists. 2.If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby. =If I had the chance, I would have a baby who

2、 is cloned. 過去分詞作過去分詞作定語定語時，它和被修飾時，它和被修飾 的詞是邏輯上的的詞是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系，相當(dāng)，相當(dāng) 于一個于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句被動語態(tài)的定語從句。 Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health. I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting. Is there anything unsolved? 單個分詞作定語時，放在所修飾詞之單個分詞作定語時，放在所修飾詞之 前；分詞短語則放在之后。前；

3、分詞短語則放在之后。 The highly praised scientist The fallen leaves The completed building =the scientist who is highly praised = the leaves that have fallen =the building that has been completed 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞可以表示可以表示 被動被動含義；含義；不及物的過去分詞不及物的過去分詞則則 表示表示完成完成。過去分詞有時只表示。過去分詞有時只表示 被動，有時只表示完成，但多數(shù)被動，有時只表示完成，但多數(shù)

4、情況下既表示被動又表示情況下既表示被動又表示完成。完成。 完成完成 過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語 1.Tom sounds very much _ in the job,but Im not sure whether he can manage (經(jīng)營，管理經(jīng)營，管理) it. A. interested B. interesting 2.He seems quite delighted at the news. 3.The glass is broken. 表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)。很多過表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)。很多過 去分詞已完全具備形容詞的特征。去分詞已完全具備形容詞的特征。 (系

5、表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)) delighting令人高興的令人高興的-delighted感到高興的感到高興的 disappointing令人失望的令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的-encouraged感到鼓舞的感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的感到愉快的 satisfying令人滿意的令人滿意的-satisfied感到滿意的感到滿意的 surprising令人驚異的令人驚異的-surprised感到驚異的感到驚異的 worrying令人擔(dān)心的令人擔(dān)心的-worried感到擔(dān)心的感到擔(dān)心的 tiri

6、ng令人疲倦的令人疲倦的- tired感到疲倦的感到疲倦的 boring 令人厭煩的令人厭煩的-bored 感到厭煩的感到厭煩的 過去分詞作賓補過去分詞作賓補 1.He felt his face lost before his friends. My family heard my poem broadcast by the BBC. I want this work finished by tomorrow. Will you please make yourself known to us, please? You should keep them informed of what is

7、 going on here. I will never get all this work finished. Tips: 過去分詞作賓補常用于以過去分詞作賓補常用于以 下情況：下情況： 1.用在表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)詞用在表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)詞 語語:feel,hear,see,notice,observe, watch等。等。 2. 使役動詞的詞語：使役動詞的詞語： leave,make, get,have,keep等。等。 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語 1.Tired after the trip, he soon fell asleep. 2.Given more time, I woul

8、d have worked out the problem. 3.Lost in thought, he almost ran into a car. 4.The teacher came in, followed by some students. 5.Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden. 原因狀語原因狀語 原因狀語原因狀語 條件狀語條件狀語 伴隨狀語伴隨狀語 時間狀語時間狀語 1.Tired after the trip, he soon fell asleep. Because he was tired after the t

9、rip, he soon fell asleep. 2. Given more time, I would have worked out the problem. =If I had been given more time, I would have worked out the problem. 3.Lost in thought, he almost ran into a car. 4.The teacher came in, followed by some students. =The teacher came in and he was followed by some stud

10、ents. 5.Seen from the hill, the city looks like a garden. = When the city is seen from the hill, it looks like a garden. =Because he was lost in thought, he almost ran into a car. He will not come unless invited. Though told to stop, he kept on walking. Im doing my homework as requested. 過去分詞作狀語時，前面

11、常有過去分詞作狀語時，前面常有 unless,when, if, while, though, as if 等等 連詞，這樣就能使過去分詞短語所表連詞，這樣就能使過去分詞短語所表 示示 的意思更加明確。的意思更加明確。 (作作條件條件狀語狀語) (作作讓步讓步狀語狀語) (作作方式方式狀語狀語) Exercise Can you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ed form? (1)We should drink water which has been boiled. (2) They took the woman wh

12、o was injured to the nearby hospital at once. (3) The kidnappers were using a car which was stolen. Can you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ed form? (1) We should drink water which has been boiled. We should drink boiled water. (2) They took the woman who was injured to the nearby

13、 hospital at once. They took the injured woman to the nearby hospital at once. (3) The kidnappers(綁匪綁匪)were using a car which was stolen. The kidnappers were using a stolen car. (4) The dark-haired man went into the room. The man who was dark-haired went into the room. (5) The name which was mention

14、ed in the letter was unknown to me. The name mentioned in the letter was known to me. (6) The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire. The firemen were trying to rescue the people trapped in the fire. (7)Frightened by the scene, the girl did not dare go out alone. Becau

15、se she was frightened by the scene, the girl did not dare go out alone. (8) Once seen , it can never be forgotten. Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten. (9) Unless invited , I will not go to the party. Unless I am invited, I will not go to the party. 鏈接高考鏈接高考 1.The managers discussed the plan

16、that they would like to see _the next year. （2000全國）全國） Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out 2. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A.Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 3. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at t

17、he meeting by my boss. （04全國全國IV） A.questioningB. have questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 4. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it_ often enough. （05天津卷）天津卷） A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 5. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be

18、done to change it. （02全國）全國） Begins having begun Beginning begun 6. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05江蘇卷江蘇卷) A.Having lost B. Lost B.C. Being lost D. Losing 7. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷）湖南卷） A.Dresse

19、d B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 8. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents . （04重慶）重慶） A.worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 9. _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdown

20、s. （05上海卷）上海卷） A.Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 10.with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all （04湖北）湖北） ACompare BWhen comparing CComparing DWhen compared 11._by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .

21、（04遼寧）遼寧） AAttracting BAttracted CTo be attracted DHaving attracted 12. When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04全國全國II） A. introducing B. introduced C. Introduce D. being introduced 13. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (2006全國全國) A. Surprising B. Surpris

22、ed C. Being surprised D. To be surprising Consolidation I. Multiple choice: 1.- Whats the language _ in New Zealand? - English. A.speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 2. The car _ in Germany in the 1960s looks old now. A.produced B. producing C. to produce D. which produced 3. - Youd better h

23、ave your sports jacket _. Its too dirty. - Thanks. I will. A.to wash B. washed C. washing D. wash 4. Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend. A.told B. telling B. C. to tell D. tell 5. Generally speaking, when _according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A.taking B. taken C. to take D

24、. to be taken 6. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having been writtenB. to be written C. being written D. written 7. Is this the watch you wish _? A.to have repaired B. to repair it C. to have it repaired D. will be repaired 8. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it. A.Having been told B. Though he had been told C. He was told D. Having told