初中直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)講解與練習(xí)

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx初中直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)講解與練習(xí)【精品文檔】直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)概述1. 我們把引述別人的話語(yǔ)可歸納為兩種方式，一種是直接引述別人的話語(yǔ)，并置于引號(hào)之內(nèi)的稱為直接引語(yǔ)，另一種是用自己的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話語(yǔ)，稱為間接引語(yǔ)，間接一般構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。The teacher asked, “Do you like English?” 老師問(wèn)：“你喜歡英語(yǔ)嗎？”（直接引語(yǔ)）The girl said that she liked English very much. 這個(gè)女孩說(shuō)她非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。（間接引語(yǔ)）2. 一般在直接引語(yǔ)或間接引語(yǔ)當(dāng)中都有一個(gè)引述動(dòng)詞，如 tell, ask,

2、say 等。這些引述動(dòng)詞和它們的主語(yǔ)所放位置比較靈活，可以放在直接引語(yǔ)之前、之后或其中。主語(yǔ)如果是名詞時(shí)，可以倒裝。“主語(yǔ)+引述動(dòng)詞”放在間接引語(yǔ)當(dāng)中就相當(dāng)于賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)部分。He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.” 他告訴我：“明天我打算去長(zhǎng)春。” “Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你來(lái)自哪里？”琳達(dá)問(wèn)。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的變化形式1. 人稱代詞和指示代詞的變化指示代詞this 和these通常變?yōu)閠hat和those 。人稱代詞也要根據(jù)情況做適當(dāng)調(diào)整。從句中的第一人稱多變?yōu)榈谌朔Q，第二人稱根據(jù)情

3、況改為第一人稱或第三人稱，第三人稱不變。例如：He said, “I came to help you.” 他說(shuō)：“我是來(lái)幫助你的。”He said that he had come to help me. 他說(shuō)他是來(lái)幫助我的。2. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化（1） 引述動(dòng)詞如果用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不變。（2） 引述動(dòng)詞如果用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要變成相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的一種。具體變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（1） 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)是，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)地變成過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。（2） 若直接引語(yǔ)

4、為客觀真理或自然規(guī)律，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。（3） 有時(shí)由于直接引語(yǔ)有特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化now then last month the month beforetoday that day three days ago three days beforetonight that night tomorrow the next day this week that week next month the next monthyesterday the day before the day after tomorrow in two days4.

5、 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化here there5. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的變化come go直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的情況1.直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句（1）將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛蓆hat 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，接在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后（that 可以省略）。例如：He said, “I forgot to call you yesterday.”他說(shuō)：“我昨天忘記給你打電話了?！盚e said （that） he had forgotten to call me the day before.他說(shuō)她前一天忘記給我打電話了。（2）如果引述動(dòng)詞是 say to sb.,則通常改為 tell sb. sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：He said to me,

6、“Your bike is broken.” 她對(duì)我說(shuō)：“你的自行車壞了。”He told me that my bike was broken. 他對(duì)我說(shuō)我的自行車壞了。2. 直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛?if /whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，句中時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要做相應(yīng)的變化。其語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，若直接引語(yǔ)的引述動(dòng)詞為 say ，應(yīng)改為 ask. 例如：Mary asked me, “Is Helen from the United States?” 瑪麗問(wèn)我，“凱倫時(shí)美國(guó)人嗎？”Mary asked me whether/if He

7、len was from the United States. 瑪麗問(wèn)我海倫是否時(shí)美國(guó)人。3. 直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問(wèn)句，將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛商厥庖蓡?wèn)句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序是陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：John asked me, “Where does Zhou Xun come from?”約翰問(wèn)我，“周迅是哪兒的人？”John asked me where Zhou Xun came from. 約翰問(wèn)我周迅時(shí)哪兒的人。4. 感嘆句-變成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句He said “What a lovely garden it is!”He exclaimed that it was a

8、lovely garden.5. 命令句-變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ蕉陶Z(yǔ)ask/tell sb. to doHe said, “Open the door.”He asked me to open the door.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、將所給直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，每空一詞：1. “I am having supper,” he said.He said that _ _ having supper.2. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me.Gina _ me that she _ _ the film.3. “I went home with my siste

9、r,” she said.She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.He told me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five,” he said.He said that I

10、 _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.She said that she _ bought the computer two weeks _.8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.He _ _ I had read the book the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you

11、 find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.He _ the children _ _ quiet.14. “Dont look out of the window

12、,” she said.She told me _ _ _ out of the window.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interested in _.二、將直接引與改為間接引語(yǔ)1He said, “ Ive left my book in my room.”2She said, “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom, “Can you help me? ”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his? ”5The teacher asked,

13、“how did you repair it”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time. ”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please. ”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun. ”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect. ”10The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day. ”11He said, “We are

14、 still students. ”12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967. ”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy. ”15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. ”附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would

15、be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day11 He