【朗閣托福培訓(xùn)】新托福聽力場景

1、【朗閣托福培訓(xùn)】新托福聽力場景朗閣托福培訓(xùn)中心對于考生來講，有幾個方面的障礙需要克服：詞匯，辨音能力和背景知識。前兩方面，考 生可以每天定下詳細(xì)計劃分別攻克。而關(guān)于背景知識，就需要考生將真題進(jìn)行總結(jié)和積累 了。實(shí)際上，備考新托福的過程對考生來講就是一個鍛煉語言能力和拓展知識面的過程。 在此，朗閣 托福培訓(xùn)中心的專家將為大家詳解聽力段子中較難的場景之一。概述歷史類場景往往和其他分支學(xué)科產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系，具體可以從以下幾個方面來考察:國家政權(quán)或制度體制 如農(nóng)業(yè)的產(chǎn)生，古埃及的女法老等。文化方面 如茶文化歷史，戲劇的起源，考古方面等。著名歷史人物如愛默生，意大利畫家等。其他話題 歷史容易和其他學(xué)科產(chǎn)生交叉，

2、如考古和藝術(shù)。歷史類的話題有一個很大的特點(diǎn)，就是專業(yè)詞匯較多。很多考生有這樣一種感覺，就是好 像聽明白了一些，但一考到細(xì)節(jié)題就不知所措。也就是說，歷史類話題可能出現(xiàn)較多的專 業(yè)詞匯和細(xì)節(jié)，考生需謹(jǐn)慎。下面我們就幾個例子來仔細(xì)體會一下。二、案例分析下面是一個歷史話題的經(jīng)典案例：1) E.G. TPO 17 Lecture 3 (Egyptian Cale ndars)聽力原文：Well, their astronomershad discovered that at a certain time of year thebrightest star , Sirius , would disappe

3、ar . Actually, it d be hidden in the glare of theSun. Even more sig nifica ntly, the reappearance of Sirius would occur aroundthe same time as the Nile s floodAgd this annual eve nt is called a heliacal rising. The heliacal rising was a fair indicator of when the Nile would flood. The n ext new moon

4、, after the heliacal rising of Sirius, which happe ned in the lastmonth of the calendar year, marked the New YearWhy was the helical rising if Sirius important to the Egyptians?Click on 2 an swers.A. It helped determ ine the beg inning of the New Year.B. It was used to calculate the len gth of the m

5、on th.C. It marked the begi nning of harvest time.D. It indicated when the Nile would flood.分析：此處考的是埃及的歷法。在這個節(jié)選原文中包含了Sirius（天狼星），heliacal rising （偕日升）等概念，比較難以理解，需要考生有較快的反應(yīng)速度。朗閣海外考試研究中心的專 家在實(shí)際教學(xué)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，不少學(xué)員在遇到這類話題時會懷有抵觸心態(tài)，大呼這種難度跟閱讀 都差不多了。誠然專業(yè)度高理解困難，考生應(yīng)該認(rèn)識到一點(diǎn)：ETS的考察宗旨還是不變的檢驗(yàn)考生的瞬時理解能力和知識儲備的快速激活。在此，要做對這道雙選題

6、，要留心粗體信號詞；還可以將辨音中聽不懂的陌生詞轉(zhuǎn)化成抽象符號，搞清楚其作用即可。可以看出，Nile和New Year是關(guān)鍵詞，故輕松選出AD。下面再看一個例子：2) E.G. TPO 18 Lecture 3 (Egyptian Calendars)聽力原文：Now for the taste. Now, this is a good point to mention one of the biggestmyths about spices.It s com monly said that medieval Europea nswan ted spices to cover up the t

7、aste of spoiled meat.But this isn e.Anyone who had to worry about spoiled meat couldn t afford spices in the firstplace. If you could afford spices, you could defi nitely afford fresh meat. Wealso have evide nee that various medieval markets employed a kind of police to make sure that people did not

8、 sell spoiled food, and if you were caught doing it,you were subject to various fines. humiliatingpublicpunishments.So what,people wouldactually was true was this: In order to have meat for the win ter preserve it in salt, not a spice. Spices actually aren tvery effective as preservatives.25. What t

9、wo factors explain why medieval Europea nsdid not use spices tocover the taste of spoiled meat?Click on 2 an swers.A. Fresh meat was less expe nsive tha n spices were.B. Spices were mai nly used in incense and perfume.C. The sale of spoiled food was prohibited.D. Salt was cheaper tha n most spices w

10、ere.分析：這里考察的是香料在歷史上的角色。背景知識：香料在中世紀(jì)的歐洲是非常名貴的東西，只有貴族皇族才能享用得到。原因諸多，運(yùn)輸昂貴是其中之一?？忌舨皇煜pice這個單詞，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測，此處很容易猜出。在這里想強(qiáng)調(diào)一下 myth 的含義。大多數(shù)考生對這個詞的理解都存在誤區(qū)。實(shí)際上這個詞只要考到，一般取“誤解”這一含義，而非神話等義。在這里是說，人們用香料腌制壞掉的食物這種理解是錯誤的，因?yàn)槿藗冇绣X買香料就有錢買鮮肉，前者的理解本身就有矛盾。同時注意also這個重要并列詞，后面引出第二個原因，所以選 AC。三、考點(diǎn)追蹤從上面這個例子可以看出歷史話題具有以下特點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)偏多 可能沒有信號詞引領(lǐng)，聽時要聚精會神。信號詞 信號詞的形式多種多樣，可能是單獨(dú)的詞組，也有可能是融匯在句子當(dāng)中，要及時做好筆記。陌生概念 可先記下首字母，上下文一般會有定義解釋或同義詞。也可以注意計算機(jī)屏幕的提示詞是否為