北郵數(shù)電 節(jié)拍器實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

1、數(shù)電實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告一、設(shè)計(jì)課題的任務(wù)要求1）基本要求1、 速度在40120 次/分鐘范圍內(nèi)連續(xù)可調(diào)，通過(guò)2 個(gè)按鍵進(jìn)行速度調(diào)節(jié)，一個(gè)用來(lái)增加，一個(gè)用來(lái)減少，當(dāng)長(zhǎng)按按鍵時(shí)，按5 次/秒的速度連續(xù)增加或減少，用3 個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示當(dāng)前速度。2、 節(jié)拍有1/4、2/4、3/4、4/4、3/8、6/8 可選，通過(guò)一個(gè)按鍵選擇，用2 個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示。3、 通過(guò)一個(gè)按鍵開(kāi)始和停止打節(jié)拍，開(kāi)始后按照設(shè)置好的節(jié)拍和速度打節(jié)拍。4、 要求有聲音和燈光提示，聲音要有強(qiáng)弱區(qū)別，燈光可用不同顏色的發(fā)光二極管表示強(qiáng)弱。2）提高要求通過(guò)一個(gè)按鍵選擇時(shí)值（節(jié)奏類(lèi)型），并在用點(diǎn)陣顯示，如下圖。二、系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)節(jié)拍器的設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵是由按鍵控制速度

2、，并產(chǎn)生不同的分頻。由于對(duì)節(jié)拍器不了解，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與實(shí)際節(jié)拍器不同，不過(guò)vhdl用到的模塊，實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能是一樣的。系統(tǒng)的頂層設(shè)計(jì)是：輸入：50MHz時(shí)鐘cp、按鍵button，button1，button2，button3輸出：beep給蜂鳴器，led1,2,3分別給不同的led燈，countout，smg控制數(shù)碼管顯示，hang，lie控制點(diǎn)陣顯示節(jié)拍器的設(shè)計(jì)分為六個(gè)模塊：速度設(shè)置模塊vset，節(jié)拍和暫停按鍵處理模塊jpset，分頻模塊fenpin，數(shù)碼管顯示模塊ra；蜂鳴器（和二極管）模塊fmq；點(diǎn)陣模塊jpfs。1. 分頻模塊分頻：分頻模塊輸入50M赫茲時(shí)鐘cp，給其他模塊提供分頻后的時(shí)鐘。

3、輸出Clk為分頻比為25000000*12/(speed+40)，其每十二個(gè)周期等于對(duì)應(yīng)速度的一個(gè)節(jié)拍周期，輸出給蜂鳴器模塊。 Clk1s為250 000分頻，輸出給速度設(shè)置模塊vset。Clkmap，clkbeep3為對(duì)時(shí)鐘cp 80 000分頻625赫茲，clkmap輸出給數(shù)碼管模塊作為掃描頻率，clkbeep3為低音頻率。Clkcount ，Clkbeep1為1250hz，Clkbeep1作為高音頻率，Clkcount作為掃描頻率檢測(cè)時(shí)間片，輸出到蜂鳴器模塊。Clkbeep2為1000hz，作為中音頻率。2. 速度設(shè)置模塊vset：按鍵button1,2分別為控制加和減的按鍵。Clk1s

4、為檢測(cè)按鍵掃描時(shí)鐘，判斷哪個(gè)按鍵按下，并判斷按下時(shí)間，加減速度。輸出speed為速度，輸出到蜂鳴器模塊，及數(shù)碼管模塊。3. 節(jié)拍和暫停按鍵處理模塊jpset：Button是節(jié)拍設(shè)置按鍵，button3為暫停按鍵，對(duì)按鍵進(jìn)行防抖處理。每次button按下，jps加一改變節(jié)拍，輸出jps到蜂鳴器模塊，點(diǎn)陣模塊以及數(shù)碼管模塊。Button3每被按下暫停信號(hào)sigwait翻轉(zhuǎn)，sigwait輸出到蜂鳴器模塊使暫?；蜷_(kāi)始。4. 數(shù)碼管顯示模塊ra：數(shù)碼管循環(huán)顯示，根據(jù)不同節(jié)拍和速度，顯示相應(yīng)的節(jié)拍數(shù)字和速度數(shù)字。Clk作為掃描頻率，jps為節(jié)拍信號(hào)，speed為速度信號(hào)，輸出Countout控制哪個(gè)數(shù)碼

5、管顯示，smg控制顯示的數(shù)字。5. 蜂鳴器（和二極管）模塊fmq：時(shí)鐘為clk，對(duì)不同的節(jié)拍和和速度，對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)鐘周期發(fā)出不同頻率的聲音，不同燈光。Clkbeep1,2,3分別為高低音，clkcount為檢測(cè)頻率，sigwait為暫停開(kāi)始信號(hào)，Beep輸出給蜂鳴器，led1,2,3控制不同led燈。6. 點(diǎn)陣模塊jpfs時(shí)鐘cp，不同節(jié)拍對(duì)應(yīng)不同顯示符號(hào)lie，hang分別作為輸出。三、仿真波形及波形分析速度設(shè)置模塊仿真波形 速度加一 加五 減五蜂鳴器模塊仿真 暫停 開(kāi)始點(diǎn)陣模塊仿真波形 行信號(hào) 列信號(hào)數(shù)碼管仿真波形（3/8節(jié)拍） 決定哪個(gè)數(shù)碼管亮 數(shù)碼管顯示波形四、源程序top層LIBRARY

6、 IEEE;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;ENTITY jiepaiqi IS PORT ( cp,button,button1,button2,button3 : IN STD_LOGIC; smg : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (6 DOWNTO 0); countout:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(5 DOWNTO 0); lie:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); hang:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); beep,led1,led2,led3: out std_

7、logic );END jiepaiqi;ARCHITECTURE a OF jiepaiqi IS COMPONENT fenpin -/獲取各種頻率PORT(cp: IN STD_LOGIC; speed:IN INTEGER range 0 to 80; clk: OUTSTD_LOGIC; clk1s:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkmap:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkbeep1:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkbeep2:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkbeep3:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkcount:OUT STD_LOGIC); END COMPON

8、ENT; COMPONENT vset -/獲取速度vPORT( clk1s: IN STD_LOGIC; button1 : IN STD_LOGIC; button2 : IN STD_LOGIC; speed : OUT INTEGER range 0 to 80); END COMPONENT; COMPONENT jpset -/獲取節(jié)拍種類(lèi) PORT( clk: in STD_LOGIC; button: IN STD_LOGIC; button3: IN STD_LOGIC; sigwait: out std_logic; jps : OUT INTEGER RANGE 0 TO

9、 5); END COMPONENT; COMPONENT ra -/數(shù)碼管顯示 PORT(clkmap:IN STD_LOGIC; jps:IN INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; speed:IN INTEGER range 0 to 80; smg:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(6 DOWNTO 0); countout:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(5 DOWNTO 0) ); END COMPONENT; COMPONENT jpfs -/點(diǎn)陣顯示 PORT(cp:in std_logic; jps:in INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; l

10、ie:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); hang:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) ); END COMPONENT; COMPONENT fmq -/蜂鳴器鳴響設(shè)置及二極管閃亮 PORT(sigwait: in std_logic; clkbeep1:in STD_LOGIC; clkbeep2:in STD_LOGIC; clkbeep3:in STD_LOGIC; clk:in STD_LOGIC; clkcount:in STD_LOGIC; jps : in INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; led:in s

11、td_logic; led1:out std_logic; led2:out std_logic; led3:out std_logic; beep:out std_logic); END COMPONENT; SIGNAL speed:INTEGER range 0 to 80; SIGNAL clk:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk1s:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clkmap:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clkbeep1:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clkbeep2:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clkbeep3:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL

12、 clkcount:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL sigwait:STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL jps:INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; SIGNAL led:STD_LOGIC; BEGIN u0: fenpin PORT MAP (cp = cp, speed = speed,clk=clk,clk1s=clk1s,clkmap=clkmap,clkbeep1=clkbeep1, clkbeep2=clkbeep2,clkbeep3=clkbeep3,clkcount=clkcount); u1: vset PORT MAP (clk1s=clk1s, button1

13、 = button1, button2 = button2, speed=speed); u2: jpset PORT MAP (clk=clk, button = button, sigwait=sigwait, button3 = button3, jps = jps); u3: ra PORT MAP (clkmap = clkmap, jps = jps,speed=speed,smg=smg,countout=countout); u4: jpfs PORT MAP (cp = cp, jps = jps,hang=hang,lie=lie); u5: fmq PORT MAP (s

14、igwait=sigwait,clkbeep1 = clkbeep1,clkbeep2 = clkbeep2,clkbeep3 = clkbeep3,clkcount=clkcount, clk=clk, jps=jps,led = led,led1 = led1,led2 = led2,led3 = led3,beep=beep);END a;分頻模塊LIBRARY IEEE;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;ENTITY fenpin IS PORT (cp: IN STD_LOGIC; speed:IN INTEGER range 0 to 80; clk: OUT

15、STD_LOGIC; clk1s:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkmap:OUT STD_LOGIC; clkbeep1:OUT STD_LOGIC;-高頻1000赫茲，同時(shí)作為點(diǎn)陣掃描頻率同時(shí)用來(lái)檢測(cè)輸出值 clkbeep2:OUT STD_LOGIC;-中頻750赫茲 clkbeep3:OUT STD_LOGIC;-低頻500赫茲 clkcount:OUT STD_LOGIC);END fenpin; ARCHITECTURE a OF fenpin IS SIGNAL tout1 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout2 : INTEGE

16、R range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout3 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout4 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout5 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout6 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL tout7 : INTEGER range 0 to 50000000; SIGNAL clk1 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk2 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL

17、clk3 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk4 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk5 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk6 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL clk7 : STD_LOGIC; BEGIN p0:PROCESS(cp,speed) -獲取時(shí)間頻率，每12個(gè)周期為對(duì)應(yīng)速率一個(gè)時(shí)間周期 BEGIN IF (cpEVENT and cp=1) THEN IF (tout1 = 12500000*12/(speed+40) THEN tout1= 0; clk1 =not clk1; ELSE tout1 = tout1 + 1; END IF

18、; END IF; END PROCESS; clk = clk1; p1:PROCESS(cp) -250 000分頻，每個(gè)時(shí)間周期檢測(cè)按鍵是否被按下 BEGIN IF (cpEVENT and cp=1) THEN IF (tout2 = 125000) THEN tout2= 0; clk2 =not clk2; ELSE tout2 = tout2 + 1; END IF; END IF; END PROCESS; clk1s = clk2; P2:PROCESS(cp) -80 000分頻，數(shù)碼管掃描,產(chǎn)生低頻音625赫茲 BEGIN IF (cpEVENT and cp=1) TH

19、EN IF (tout3 = 40000) THEN tout3= 0; clk3 =not clk3; ELSE tout3 = tout3 + 1; END IF; END IF; END PROCESS; clkmap = clk3; clkbeep3 = clk3; p3:PROCESS(cp) -產(chǎn)生高頻音1.25k赫茲 BEGIN IF (cpEVENT and cp=1) THEN IF (tout7 = 20000) THEN tout7= 0; clk7 =not clk7; ELSE tout7 = tout7 + 1; END IF; END IF; END PROCES

20、S; clkbeep1 = clk7; p4:PROCESS(cp) -產(chǎn)生中頻音1k赫茲 BEGIN IF (cpEVENT and cp=1) THEN IF (tout5 = 25000) THEN tout5= 0; clk5 =not clk5; ELSE tout5 = tout5 + 1; END IF; END IF; END PROCESS; clkbeep2 = clk5; clkcount = clk4; END a;速度設(shè)置vsetLIBRARY IEEE;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;ENTITY vset IS PORT (clk1s,bu

21、tton1,button2: IN STD_LOGIC; speed : OUT INTEGER range 0 to 80);END vset; ARCHITECTURE a OF vset IS SIGNAL tspeed1 : INTEGER range 0 to 80; SIGNAL ctime1 : INTEGER range 0 to 100:=0; SIGNAL ctime2 : INTEGER range 0 to 100:=0; SIGNAL ctime1s : INTEGER range 0 to 1000:=0; SIGNAL ctime2s : INTEGER rang

22、e 0 to 1000:=0; BEGINPROCESS(clk1s) -檢測(cè)是毛刺還是按鍵被按下，當(dāng)ctime大于5，即大于50毫秒，則按鍵被按下 BEGIN if(clk1sevent and clk1s=1)then if(button1=1)then if(ctime1=1000)then ctime1=1000; else ctime1 = ctime1 + 1; end if; elsif(button1=0) then ctime1=0; else ctime1=0; end if; if(button2=1)then if(ctime2=1000)then ctime2=100

23、0; else ctime2 = ctime2 + 1; end if; elsif(button2=0) then ctime2=0; else ctime210)then if(button1=0)then if(ctime1s30)then ctime1s=75)then tspeed1=80; else tspeed1 8)then ctime1s=80)then tspeed1=80; else tspeed1 = tspeed1 + 1; end if; end if; else ctime1s10)then if(button2=0)then if(ctime2s30)then

24、ctime2s= 0; if(tspeed15)then tspeed1=0; else tspeed1 8)then ctime2s= 0; if(tspeed11)then tspeed1=0; else tspeed1 = tspeed1 -1; end if; end if; else ctime2s= ctime2s + 1; end if; else tspeed1=tspeed1; end if; end if;END PROCESS;speed=tspeed1;END a;節(jié)拍設(shè)置jpsetLIBRARY IEEE;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;USE

25、 IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;ENTITY jpset IS PORT ( clk: in STD_LOGIC; button: IN STD_LOGIC; -改變節(jié)拍按鍵 button3: IN STD_LOGIC; -暫停按鍵 sigwait: out std_logic;-暫停信號(hào) jps : OUT INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5);-節(jié)拍信號(hào)END jpset;ARCHITECTURE a OF jpset IS SIGNAL count : INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; SIGNAL buttonc : STD_LOGIC; SI

26、GNAL sigwaitn : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL button3c : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL resetmp1,resetmp2 : STD_LOGIC; SIGNAL resetmp3,resetmp4 : STD_LOGIC;BEGIN PROCESS(clk) -防抖處理 BEGIN IF (clkEVENT AND clk=0) THEN resetmp2= resetmp1; resetmp1= button; resetmp4= resetmp3; resetmp3= button3; END IF; END PROCESS; buttonc=clk

27、 AND resetmp1 AND (NOT resetmp2); button3c=clk AND resetmp3 AND (NOT resetmp4); PROCESS(buttonc,button3c) BEGIN if (buttoncevent and buttonc=1) then -計(jì)數(shù)改變對(duì)應(yīng)節(jié)拍信號(hào) if(count=5) then count=0; else count =count+1; end if; end if; if (button3cevent and button3c=1) then -按鍵每次被按下則取反，作為暫停信號(hào) sigwaitn = not sig

28、waitn; end if; END PROCESS ; sigwait = sigwaitn; jps = count;END a;數(shù)碼管顯示raLIBRARY IEEE;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_arith.ALL;USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;ENTITY ra IS -數(shù)碼管顯示 PORT(clkmap:IN STD_LOGIC; -掃描頻率 jps:IN INTEGER RANGE 0 TO 5; -節(jié)拍 speed:IN INTEGER range 0 to 80; -速度 smg

29、:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(6 DOWNTO 0); -控制數(shù)碼管顯示的數(shù)字 countout:OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(5 DOWNTO 0); -控制哪個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示END ra;ARCHITECTURE a OF ra IS signal clktmp:std_logic; signal q_temp:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(6 DOWNTO 0); signal count:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(5 DOWNTO 0); signal cnt:INTEGER range 0 to 5;BEGIN p0:PROCESS(clkmap)

30、-計(jì)數(shù)使數(shù)碼管依次顯示 BEGIN if(clkmapevent and clkmap=1) then if(cnt=5) then cnt=0; else cntcountq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempcountq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempcount=110111;q_tempcountq_tempq_tempq_tempcount=111101;q_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempcount=111110;q_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_tempq_temp=0000000; END CASE; END CASE; END PROCESS; countout=count; smg=q_temp;END a;蜂鳴器fmqLibrary ieee; -蜂鳴器打節(jié)拍，二極管閃亮 Use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;Use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;Entity fmq isPort( sigwa