學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素

1、學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。一、時(shí)態(tài)：1. 主句用-般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可用任意時(shí)態(tài)。2. 主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí) 從句用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示與主句謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí) 發(fā)生I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didn t know what country he was in.我只知道他當(dāng)時(shí)在西方的一個(gè)國家讀書，可不知道是哪個(gè)國家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and theSea when he was

2、in.他問我他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候我是否正在讀老人與海. 從句過去完成時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告訴我他己經(jīng)把有關(guān)會(huì)議的事情告訴了 Mary. 從句謂語用過去將來時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary- measures to put down the to do.記者問政府是否會(huì)采取必要的措施鎮(zhèn)壓騷亂.3. 主句用過去時(shí)，從句是客觀真理時(shí)，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果從句是一

3、個(gè)客觀真理，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)不根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)而變化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earthyesterday老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn).二、語序：陳述句的語序。三、賓語從句的連接詞從屬連詞：連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that, if, whether.that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語從句th琳無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中 常省略。如：She said that she would leave the message on the headmaster * s desk.He said tha.t he could finish his

4、work before supperHe told me that he would go to the college the next year 他告訴我 他明年上大學(xué).if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的一般疑問句的賓語從句.如：Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bagI don t know whether he， 11 come the day after tomotrow.I don， t know if there will be a bus any more我不知道是否還會(huì)有公交車.Nobody

5、 knew whether he could pass the exam.沒人知道他是否會(huì)通過考試.直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether如：Let me know whether he will come or notI don t know whether he does any washing or not.在不定式前只能用whether.I can* t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留whether從句做介詞賓語Everything depends on whether you agree with us特殊疑問詞如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只

6、需用原來的疑問詞引 導(dǎo)。連接代詞連接代詞主要有who, whom , whose , wha.t , whoever , whomever , whosever, whatever, whichever 等.The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 這本書 會(huì)告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you want to buy, a Motorola orNokia cell phone?（注意時(shí)態(tài)）你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎？Can you tell me

7、 who looks after the sick boy?Can you tell me who he is waiting for?連接副詞 連接副詞主要有when,where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 等.He didn， t tell me when we should meet again他沒有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告訴我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤嗎？None of us knows where these new parts

8、 can be bought沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.可運(yùn)用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句動(dòng)詞find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有賓語補(bǔ)足 語 的時(shí)候，則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water everyday .我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven * t been to the get together 我 沒去聚會(huì)，感覺非常遺憾.中譯英：1. 我們都預(yù)料他們會(huì)贏，因?yàn)樗麄兊年?duì)

9、員更強(qiáng)壯.2. 他告訴我們?cè)谡麄€(gè)工作中，他們都會(huì)幫忙的.3. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)的所有票都賣光了.4. 你能計(jì)算出這次旅行我們將花費(fèi)多少錢嗎？5. 在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯(cuò)誤.6. 我們都認(rèn)為對(duì)這件事馬上做出決定很重要.7. 我確信我會(huì)通過考試.8. 很抱歉我這么長時(shí)間在打擾你.Keys :We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger He told us that they would help us through the whole work I have found out that

10、all the tickets for the concert have been sold out Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matterI am sure I will pass the examI am s

11、orry that I have troubled you so long The teacher told the children that the sunroundA. was B. is C were D are2. I believe that our tearnthe basketball match A win B. won C will win D. wins3. 1 dont knowto visit the old man.A. whether B. if C. that D. who1. Can you see ?A. what hes reading B. what i

12、s he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what2. Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?（合并成一個(gè)句子）Do you know Jackfrom Japan?3. _What did your son say in the letter?_He told me that he the Disney would the next dayA. will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4. He didift knowA. w

13、has the matter B.what the matter isC. what was the matter D. what the matter was5. Somebody called you just now, but I didnt knowA. who were they B who they wereC. who was it D. who it was6. 1 want to knowA. what is his name B. what，s his nameC. that his name is D - what his name is7. Could you tell me she is looking for?一Her cousin, susan.A. that B. whose C . who D. which8. 一What are you searching the Internet for?-r m trying to find out A. What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB. How many persons have died in IraqC. How to protect our environmentD. Why is our Chinese te