建筑工程中樁基檢測技術(shù)問題分析中英文對照

1、建筑工程中樁基檢測技術(shù)問題分析中英文對照An alysis and testi ng tech no logy of pile foun dati on con structi on in Chin ese and En glish.樁基是影響工程質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)因素，并且樁基這一影響因素還是隱性的影響因素。作為地面建筑的一種支撐，好的樁基會讓結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)更加的穩(wěn)定，而質(zhì)量劣質(zhì)的樁基，會對結(jié)構(gòu)的安全造成惡劣的影響。因此，對于基礎(chǔ)施工，樁基的檢測是一個不可或缺的技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)。并且隨著現(xiàn)代工程的進步，對于質(zhì)量和安全系數(shù)的要求越來越高，對于特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)群體，諸如高層建筑以及鐵路建筑的建設中樁基技術(shù)不斷的發(fā)展，因而

2、建設工程單位所面臨的要求也越來越高，越來越嚴格，這個時候樁基的檢測技術(shù)就可以發(fā)揮出應有的作用報這個樁基質(zhì)量。Pile foun dati on is the basic factors in flue ncing the engin eeri ng quality, in flue ncing factors and the in flue ncing factors of pile or recessive. As a support ing ground buildi ngs, the pile will make structure more stable, and the qualit

3、y in ferior pile foun dati on, will cause bad in flue nee on the safety of structure. Therefore, for the foun dati on con struct ion, pile foun dati on detect ion is an in dispe nsable link. And with the developme nt of moder n engin eeri ng progress, grow ing dema nd for quality and safety factor,

4、the structure of special groups, such as the developme nt of high-rise buildi ng pile foun dati on con struct ion and railway con structi on in tech no logy, so the con struct ion un its are facing the in creas in gly high dema nd, more and more strict, the pile foun dati on detecti on tech no logy

5、can play a role on the quality of pile foun dati on should be.1樁基的檢測技術(shù)分析An alysis and testi ng tech no logy 1 pile foun dati on1.1成孔的質(zhì)量檢測Quality in spect ion of 1.1 into the hole在對成孔的質(zhì)量進行檢測時，主要的檢測部位有樁孔的位置檢測、孔徑以及孔深的監(jiān)測。底沉渣的厚度監(jiān)測和垂直度的監(jiān)測等等。成孔的質(zhì)量直接歸決定樁基的柱體的成樁質(zhì)量，過時樁孔在孔徑上的直徑偏小，那么整個樁的承載力就會有所下降；而若是孔徑擴大，那么整個樁在

6、上部的側(cè)阻力優(yōu)惠隨之增大，下部就不能發(fā)揮側(cè)阻力應有的作用；另外，樁孔的垂直程度也會對承載力造成影響，偏斜的基樁會阻礙樁基的作用發(fā)揮；最后若是底部的沉渣太多就會令樁體的有效長度減少，那么也會對樁體的質(zhì)量造成影響。因此，這些問題的檢測工作 就尤為重要了。On the test of the quality of pore, positi on detecti on, detect ion part mainly have the pile hole diameter and hole depth monitoring. Thickness monitoring and verticality of

7、 bottom sediment mon itori ng etc. The quality of the pile hole quality directly to the cyli nder pile decisi on, outdated pile hole in aperture of the diameter is small, so the beari ng capacity of the pile will decrease; and if the size, the n the whole pile side resista nee con cessi ons in the u

8、pper part of the in crease, the lower part can not play the role of side resista nee due; in additi on, the vertical exte nt of pile hole can also impact on the beari ng capacity of the pile deflect ion, play will hin der the pile foun dati on; fin ally, if the effective len gth of the bottom sedime

9、 nt too much will make the pile decreases, it will affect the quality of pile body. Therefore, detect ion of these problems is particularly importa nt.1.2承載力檢測分析1.2 beari ng capacity an alysis1.2.1靜荷載試驗法。這種方式在對于樁基的檢測上主要是檢測承載力，樁基在水平上 的承載力以及在豎直方向上的承載力是樁基質(zhì)量的衡量標準，同時也是對建筑的影響最大的因素，這里就需要用到靜荷載實驗的方式。一般的工程檢測中

10、大多都是對豎直方向上的承載力較為重視。這種檢測方式的有點就是利用了和樁基實際會承受的力度去模擬實驗對其受理 的條件進行試驗。這種方式一般都應用在對于工程試樁的檢測上，在不破壞樁基的基礎(chǔ)上對其進行檢測。并且精度很高，誤差低于10%。1.2.1 static load test method. In this way for pile foun dati on detect ion is detecti on of beari ng capacity, beari ng capacity of pile foun dati on in the level and capacity in the v

11、ertical direct ion is a sta ndard measure of quality of pile foun dati on, but also the impact on buildi ng the biggest factor, here we n eed to use the static load experime nt method. The gen eral engin eeri ng detect ion mostly has attached more importa nee to the beari ng capacity of the vertical

12、 direct ion. This detect ion method is a little use and actual pile foun dati on will bear the efforts to simulate the experime ntal test of the admissibility con diti on. This is gen erally used in the detect ion for engin eeri ng test pile, the pile foun dati on detect ion without destro ying the.

13、 And the precisi on is very high, the error is less than 10%.1.2.2高應變動法。這種方式是通過對樁體在接近極限承載力的時候的狀態(tài)分析，這就 需要利用到重錘這一機械方式的瞬間沖擊力，令樁體周圍的土產(chǎn)生變形。在結(jié)合其實際測量力度以及速度時，通過數(shù)據(jù)的曲線分析，結(jié)合應力波的理論以及樁體的有關(guān)參數(shù)，對樁體的極限工作能力進行分析。1.2.2 high strain method. This way is through the analysis of the status of pile body when approachi ng the

14、 limit beari ng capacity, it will n eed to use the weight that a mecha ni cal means of in sta ntan eous impact force, the pile surr ounding soil deformati on. In comb in atio n with the actual measureme nt of stre ngth and speed, through the an alysis of data curve, comb ined with the releva nt para

15、meters of the stress wave theory and the an alysis of pile, ultimate work ing capacity of piles.1.3完整性的檢測分析Detect ion and an alysis of 1.3 in tegrity1.3.1低應變動的測法。這種測法就是通過波動理論以及機械阻抗理論進行試驗分析，在樁頂是假一個較低振幅的激振能量。通過這種能量對土體的周圍進行環(huán)境改變，引起樁身以及土體在樁身周圍的微幅振動。同時使用儀表對加速度以及振動的速度進行記錄以及分 析，并通過分析達到控制和檢驗樁基的目的，對樁基的質(zhì)量進行保障，

16、對樁身的完整性進行保證以及達到對樁基承載力的預測目的。1.3.1 low strain dyn amic test ing. This method is tested through the an alysis of the wave theoryand the mechanical impedanee theory, on top of the pile is a low amplitude vibration energy. Environmental change through the energy of soil around the pile and the soil, caus

17、ing the micro-amplitude vibration around the pile shaft. At the same time, the use of instrument for recording and analysis of vibration acceleration and velocity, and achieve the control and in specti on of pile foun dati on through the an alysis of the objective, for the guara ntee of the quality

18、of the pile foun dati on, guara ntee and the purpose of predicti on of beari ng capacity of pile in tegrity of pile body.1.3.2聲波透射檢測法。這是一種對超聲波的利用，通過聲波的變化產(chǎn)生的升學參數(shù)對混凝土的狀態(tài)進行檢測。通過不同的聲速、頻率以及振幅的變化，以此對樁身的混凝土的狀況進行分析，對可能有連續(xù)斷層以及加沙和蜂窩缺陷的位置以及大小進行判斷。1.3.2 sound wave transmission method. This is a kind of ultrason

19、ic parameters, state education produced by acoustic cha nge detect ion of con crete. Through the differe nt velocity, freque ncy and amplitude cha nges, an alysis the pile body con crete situati on, a con ti nu ous fault as well as Gaza and cellular defect locati on and size to determ ine the possib

20、le.2樁基的檢測技術(shù)的應用舉一個簡單的事例，某座辦公樓為十五層，地上有十四層，地下有一層。整座建筑都是采用了整體式的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。通過鋼筋混凝土材料的預制樁進行基礎(chǔ)建設。通過結(jié)合勘測的結(jié)果以及現(xiàn)場的環(huán)境和工程特質(zhì)，通過比較特性差異， 將建筑從上到下的分成了四層。Applicati on of test ing tech no logy 2 pile foun dati on for a simple example, a buildi ng fiftee n layer, fourtee n layer on the ground, and an un dergro und layer. The

21、 whole buildi ng is the overall structure of the type. Through the con struct ion of precast pile foun dati on rein forced con crete materials. By comb ining the survey results and the environment and engin eeri ng characteristics, by compari ng the characteristic differe nee, the buildi ng from top

22、 to bottom is divided into four layers.2.1成孔質(zhì)量檢測。本工程中基樁成孔質(zhì)量測試采用的儀器設備主要有JJC-1A型孔徑儀、JNC-1型沉渣測定儀、JJX-3A型井斜儀、深度記錄儀（充電脈沖發(fā)生器）、電動絞車、孔口輪等組成。分別對成孔的孔深、孔徑、孔斜及沉渣厚度進行了檢測。2.1 hole quality detect ion. This project foun datio n pile hole quality test ing using equipme nt mainly JJC-1A type aperture tester, JNC-1 te

23、ster, sedime nt type JJX-3A in cli no meter, depth recorder （charg ing pulse gen erator）, electric win ch, orifice wheel etc. Respectively on the hole depth, diameter, hole deviati on and sedime nt thick ness were detected.2.2靜載試驗檢測。本次工程中，根據(jù)設計要求，對試樁檢測過程中的3根試樁分別進行單樁豎向靜載試驗。本次檢測使用的主要設備有：武漢生產(chǎn)的靜載試驗成套設備RS

24、-JYB，主要包括主機、中繼器、控載箱、5000kN千斤頂、位移傳感器等。另外還有鋼梁、壓板等。檢測方法如下：本次豎向靜載試驗，采錨樁反力裝置與配重聯(lián)合加載法，即在試驗樁樁頂放置千斤頂，再放主梁、次梁，次梁連接4根錨樁，同時在次梁之上堆放預制樁作為配重。對樁的加載方式采用快速維持荷載法，即逐級加荷，加荷后隔15min讀一次數(shù)，每級加荷時間為2h。預計加荷為8級，每級荷載增量均為500kN。如果中間出現(xiàn)破壞荷載，則停止加荷。檢測結(jié)果3根樁的極限承載力平均值為4000kN，最大極差為0，不大十平均值的30%，故單樁承載力的特征值（標準值）為 4000=2.0=2000kN，符合設計要求。2.2 s

25、tatic load test. I n this project, accord ing to the desig n requireme nts, the test pile of 3 piles were the sin gle pile vertical static load test. The main equipme nt used in the detect ion of Wuha n: product ion of the static load test equipme nt RS-JYB, in cludi ng the host, relay, con trol loa

26、d case, 5000kN jack, displaceme nt sen sor. I n additi on to steel beam, plate etc. Detect ion methods are as follows: the vertical static load test, mi ning an chor pile coun terforce device and weight comb ined loadi ng method, n amely placed Jack in the test pile, and the n put the girder, girder

27、, sec on dary beam is conn ected with 4 an chor pile, at the same time in the sec on dary beam on stacked precast pile as counterweight. The quick load maintain law of pile loading modes, namely progressive loading, loading after reading a number of 15min, each stage of loading time for 2h. Expected

28、 loadi ng into 8 levels, each level of load in creme nt was 500kN. If there is failure load, the n stop loadi ng. Results 3 the ultimate beari ng capacity of pile average was 4000kN, the maximum range is 0, not ten average value 30%, the characteristics of sin gle pile beari ng capacity value (sta n

29、dard) 4000=2.0=2000kN, meet the desig n requireme nts.2.3低應變動力檢測。根據(jù)建筑樁基檢測技術(shù)規(guī)范規(guī)定，低應變方法適用于檢測混凝土樁的樁身完整性，判斷樁身缺陷的程度及位置，并要求根據(jù)樁身完整性檢測結(jié)果， 給出每根樁的樁身完整性類別。本次工程實踐中共對工程樁中的30根樁進行了低應變動力測試。檢測儀器由采用 FDP204PDA型動測分析系統(tǒng)，加速度傳感器，力棒組成。檢測方法是：在 樁頂放置一只加速度傳感器，接受錘擊過程中產(chǎn)生的加速度信號，通過FDP204PDA型樁基動測系統(tǒng)放大和 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換，變成數(shù)字信號傳給微機，信號經(jīng)計算機處理后，在屏幕顯

30、示實 測波形，每根樁布采集點一個，每點采集56錘信號。將存儲在磁盤上的測試信號在時域內(nèi)進行處理，根據(jù)應力波反射等價地將實測速度信號通過時域由頻域輔助，分析不同部位的反射信號，據(jù)此分析每根樁的樁身完整性。檢測結(jié)果：其中：I類樁28根，滿足設計要求；II類樁2根，滿足設計要求。2.3 low strain dyn amic test. Accord ing to tech ni cal specificati ons detecti on of buildi ng pile, low stra in method is suitable for pile in tegrity testi ng o

31、f con crete pile, judgi ng the severity and locati on of pile defects, and according to the requirements of pile integrity test result, the pile integrity categories give each pile. The engineering practice on the pile of 30 piles were of low strain dynamic test. Detecting instrument by using FDP204

32、PDA dynamic measurement and analysis system, the accelerati on sen sor, force rod. The detect ion method is: at the top of the pile is placed a accelerati on sen sor, accelerati on sig nal gen erated in the process of accept ing the hammer, pile dyn amic testi ng system by FDP204PDA amplificati on a

33、nd A/D conversion, into a digital sig nal is sent to the microcomputer, sig nals are processed by the computer, the scree n shows the measured waveform, each pile fabric collectio n poi nts a, each data of 5 6 hammer sig nal. The test sig nal is stored on disk in time for process ing, accord ing to the stress wave reflecti on equivale nt to the actual speed sig nal assisted by freque ncy doma in by time doma in an alysis, reflect ion of differe nt parts of the sig nal, the pile in tegrity of each pile