2汽車專業(yè)英語--發(fā)動機

1、2一、發(fā)動機的分類Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分類）汽油機和柴油機；Clissfiled by working progress（按工作行程分類）四沖程發(fā)動機和二沖程發(fā)動機；Clissfiled by cooled ways（按冷卻方式分類）水冷發(fā)動機和風冷發(fā)動機；Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按氣缸數量分類）單缸發(fā)動機和多缸發(fā)動機3Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分類）汽油發(fā)動機汽油發(fā)動機gasoline enginegasolinegslin n. 汽油 點燃方式（點燃式）4柴油發(fā)動機柴油發(fā)動機diesel engin

2、edieseldi:zl n. 柴油 ，柴油機點燃方式（壓燃式）5Clissfiled by working progress（按工作行程分類）二沖程發(fā)動機二沖程發(fā)動機Two stroke enginestrokestrk n. 沖程，行程；活塞反復運動一次，曲軸轉動一周，兩個沖程完成一個工作循環(huán)。6四沖程發(fā)動機四沖程發(fā)動機Four stroke enginestrokestrk n. 沖程，行程；活塞反復運動兩次，曲軸轉動兩周，四個沖程完成一個工作循環(huán)。7水冷卻式發(fā)動機水冷卻式發(fā)動機Water coolest engine水箱，通過水泵作用，水通過水道流通整個汽缸體，進行降溫。8風冷卻式發(fā)動

3、機風冷卻式發(fā)動機air coolest engine風冷，通過空氣氣流與風扇作用，空氣/風通過發(fā)動機整個汽缸體，進行降溫。9Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按氣缸數量分類）單缸發(fā)動機單缸發(fā)動機Single cylinder enginecylinder slnd n. 氣缸我只有一個氣缸，我只有一個氣缸，一組氣門；一組氣門；10多缸發(fā)動機多缸發(fā)動機Multi cylinder enginecylinder slnd n. 氣缸我有多個氣缸，我有多個氣缸，多組氣門；多組氣門；11二、發(fā)動機的基本組成12汽油機包含幾大系統？冷卻系 cooling system潤滑

4、系 lubrication system lu:brken 潤滑，加油; 油潤;起動系 starting system點火系 Ignition system gnn燃油供給系 fuel supply system進氣系統 intake system排氣系統 exhaust system gz:st1314Cooling system (冷卻系統冷卻系統)Starting system (起動系統起動系統)15vLubrication system (潤滑系統潤滑系統)vIgnition system (點火系統點火系統)16vFuel supply system (燃油供給系統燃油供給系統)v

5、intake system (進氣系統進氣系統)17例句分析：Engine system includes ：_、_、_、_. 中文：include vt.包括，包含； 譯文：發(fā)動機系統包括：_、 _、_、 _。 ignition systemstarting systemlubrication systemcooling system點火系統點火系統起動系統起動系統潤滑系統潤滑系統冷卻系統冷卻系統18汽油機包括哪兩大機構？Crank-connecting rod mechanism曲曲 柄柄連桿連桿機構機構19配氣機構Valve mechanism氣氣 門門機機 構構20Intake 進氣進

6、氣 Compression壓縮壓縮Exhaust排放排放Power做功做功Stroke . /struk / n. 打擊；中風；筆畫；沖程；嘗試；輕撫打擊；中風；筆畫；沖程；嘗試；輕撫 三、發(fā)動機的四大工作行程21四、發(fā)動機的布置形式發(fā)動機前置發(fā)動機前置前輪驅動前輪驅動發(fā)動機前置發(fā)動機前置后輪驅動后輪驅動發(fā)動機后置發(fā)動機后置后輪驅動后輪驅動22課堂小結需要記住的單詞：發(fā)動機底盤車身電器系統汽油柴油沖程EngineEngineChassisChassisBodyBodyElectrical systemElectrical systemGasolineGasolineDieselDieselst

7、rokestroke23單獨的，獨立的氣缸曲柄連桿機構配氣機構SingleSinglecylindercylinderCrank-connecting rod mechanismCrank-connecting rod mechanismkrk n. 機曲柄; 妙語，奇想rd n. 桿，拉桿; 懲罰，體罰; （責打人用的）棍棒; 手槍; meknzm 機制 Valve mechanismValve mechanism英英 vvlv lv 美美 vvlv lv n n閥閥; ; 真空管真空管; ; （管樂器的）活栓（管樂器的）活栓; ; （心臟的）瓣膜（心臟的）瓣膜; ;排氣系統 Exhaust

8、 systemExhaust system潤滑系統 Lubrication systemLubrication system 點火系統 Ignition systemIgnition system啟動系統 Starting systemStarting system冷卻系統 Cooling systemCooling system進氣系統 Intake systemIntake system2425需要記住的句子There are four basic components of There are four basic components of the automobile : engin

9、e , chassis , the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system .body and electrical system .譯：汽車有四個基本組成部分，發(fā)動機， 底盤，車身和電氣系統。Engine system includes Engine system includes ： ignition ignition systemsystem，lubrication system, cooling lubrication system, cooling system, starting system.syste

10、m, starting system.譯：發(fā)動機系統包括：點火系，潤滑系，冷卻系，起動系。26布置任務將需要記住的單詞和句子記錄在筆記本上；將需要記住的單詞每個寫3遍，1遍漢語意思；I. Pre-questionsThe heart of automobileWhat impression of the engine?complicated powerI. Pre-questionsWhat are there types of the engine?electric motors, steam engines, and internal combustion engines Whats th

11、e internal combustion engine? burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.I. Pre-questionsSingle-cylinder enginecylinderpistonPiston pinConnecting rodcrankshaftOil pipeIntake valveExhaust valve Timing gearOil pumpwha

12、t is the power source of automobile and how to produce?piston piston pin connecting rod crankshaft EnginePower is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder. The connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft, which changes it into rotary motion. I. Pre-

13、questionsThe engine comprises two mechanism and five systems, what are they ?crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, valve gear, cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system, ignition system I. Pre-questionsconnecting rodflywheelcrankshaftpistonintake valveexhaust valvepush rodt

14、appettiming gears Valve gear Connecting rod Engine cooling systemEngine lubricating systemFuel supply systemValve gearWhats the function of the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism? Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles. I. Pre-questionsThe inter

15、nal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.譯文：譯文：內燃機，內燃機，顧名思義顧名思義，就是燃料在氣缸內部，就是燃料在氣缸內部燃燒，并且把燃燒時的膨脹力轉化為驅動車輛的燃燒，并且把燃燒時的膨脹力轉化為驅動車輛的旋轉力。旋轉力。 II. Text ExplanationOf all automo

16、bile components, an automobile engine is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an automobile. complicated kmplikeitid adj.復雜的復雜的, 難解的難解的dominance dmnns n.優(yōu)勢優(yōu)勢, 統治統治譯文：譯文：汽車發(fā)動機是一切汽車部件中結構最復雜，汽車發(fā)動機是一切汽車部件中結構最復雜，對汽車功能起支配作用的一個總成。對汽車功能起支配作用的一個總成。 II. Text ExplanationIts fu

17、nction is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles.Convertinto. 轉變；變換轉變；變換譯文：譯文：它的作用就是將熱能轉換成機械能用來驅它的作用就是將熱能轉換成機械能用來驅動汽車動汽車 。 II. Text ExplanationCo.轉變；變換轉變；變換That building has been converted into a school. 那座樓房改成學校了。那座樓房改成學校了。兌換兌換 I want to convert some Hong

18、 Kong dollars into American dollars. 我想把一些港元換成美元。我想把一些港元換成美元。改變信仰、黨派或意見等改變信仰、黨派或意見等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她終于設法說服了他接受她的意見。她終于設法說服了他接受她的意見。 II. Text ExplanationPower is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder. linear lini adj. 線的線的, 直線的直線的, 線線 性的性的 piston pistn n.

19、活塞活塞 II. Text ExplanationThe piston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin, called a piston pin or wrist pin. attach to v. 連接連接 connecting rod 連桿連桿 piston pin = wrist pin 活塞銷活塞銷II. Text ExplanationThe connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft, which ch

20、anges it into rotary motion. transmitto 把把傳到傳到 which changes it into rotary motion 定語從句定語從句 II. Text Explanationdiesel engineswater pumpthe ignition distributoroil pantiming gearcrankshaft and connecting rod mechanismvalve gearfuel systemexhaust pipeexhaust manifold III. ExercisesTranslate the follo

21、wing expressions into Chinese.u柴油發(fā)動機u水泵u分電器u油底殼u正時齒輪u曲柄連桿機構u配氣機構u燃油系統u排氣管u排氣歧管1-cylinder head cover 2-piston3-timing toothed belt4-water pump5-oil pan6-oil pump7-crankshaft8-flywheel9-distributor10-valve III. ExercisesThe crankshaft represents the final link in the conversion of reciprocating motion

22、 at the piston to one of rotation at the flywheel. In the cast of the multi-cylinder engine, the crankshaft has to control the relative motions of the pistons, while receiving their own impulses. A one-piece construction is most commonly used for the motor-vehicle crankshaft, which extends the whole

23、 length of the engine and must therefore possess considerable rigidity . III. ExercisesThe timing-drive for the engine valve mechanism is taken from the front end of the crankshaft as is the pulley and belt drive for the engine auxiliaries, such as the cooling fan and the alternator for electrical s

24、ystem. attached to the rear end of the crankshaft is the engine flywheel . III. ExercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1Engine is the power source of the automobile. Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.發(fā)動機是汽車的動力源發(fā)動機是汽車的動力源.它通過汽缸內的活塞線性運動它通過汽缸內的活塞線性運動產生

25、的產生的.2The fuel system works according to the requirements of the engine as it provides an air-fuel mixture which must be in proportion to the speed and load placed on the engine.燃油系統的作用是根據發(fā)動機的轉速和負荷提供一定燃油系統的作用是根據發(fā)動機的轉速和負荷提供一定比例的可燃混合氣以滿足發(fā)動機的需求。比例的可燃混合氣以滿足發(fā)動機的需求。 III. Exercises3The valve gear provides timely admission of the f