220KV輸電線路畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)

1、第 61 頁(yè) 共 60 頁(yè)220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段輸電線路工程設(shè)計(jì)摘 要：本文主要介紹根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)規(guī)程及資料來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)線路為220kv輸電線路，本設(shè)計(jì)按照工程設(shè)計(jì)要求，以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)流程，并根據(jù)電壓等級(jí)、導(dǎo)地線型號(hào)、氣象條件、地形情況，完成如下設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容：計(jì)算導(dǎo)地線應(yīng)力弧垂，繪制成圖；選擇直線桿塔和轉(zhuǎn)角桿塔，確定桿塔呼稱高、金具和絕緣子型號(hào)數(shù)量；制作弧垂模板沒在平斷面上反復(fù)排桿定位，選擇最佳方案；校檢桿塔荷載和基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)定；最后進(jìn)行導(dǎo)地線的防振設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)鍵詞：220kv線路，應(yīng)力計(jì)算，排桿定位，防振設(shè)計(jì)abstract：according to existing technical regulations w

2、ere introduced in this paper to design the circuit and the data of 500 kv transmission lines.besides engineering design request and the standard design process,this paper mainly include following task in term of the voltage rank,the type of conductor and ground wire,the condition of weather and land

3、form.firstly,we calculate the stress of the wires,and draw out its chart.secondly,we choose the type of straight line tower and the corner tower,ulteriorly confirm towers height,the type and amount of insulators and fittings.thirdly,we repetitiously arrange the tower position on the plane cross sect

4、ion by the template of arc sag. fourthly,we check the load of tower and the stability of tower foundation .finally,we design the shockproof of conductor and ground were.kye words：220kv overhead transmission,calculate the stress of the wires,arrange the tower position,shockproof designing1前言電力能源在國(guó)家的發(fā)

5、展中占有舉足輕重的地位，電力的可靠供應(yīng)是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)良好可持續(xù)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。在電力系統(tǒng)中，輸電線路的任務(wù)是輸送電能，聯(lián)絡(luò)發(fā)電廠、變電站并使之安全運(yùn)行，實(shí)現(xiàn)電力系統(tǒng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)。隨著人口的增加和社會(huì)的發(fā)展，我國(guó)電力需求越來(lái)越大，要把電能輸送到缺電的地區(qū)，離不開輸電線路的支持。在國(guó)家“十二五”規(guī)劃中，我國(guó)高壓輸電網(wǎng)將實(shí)現(xiàn)“三橫三縱”的格局1，同時(shí)發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)。本課題為華能阜新風(fēng)電場(chǎng)二期工程九標(biāo)段220kv輸電線路工程設(shè)計(jì)，來(lái)源于當(dāng)?shù)厣a(chǎn)實(shí)際1.1 研究的目的和意義隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高，電力需求水平增長(zhǎng)突出，為了滿足市場(chǎng)的需求，我國(guó)的電力工業(yè)在近50年來(lái)也得到了很大的發(fā)展。改革開放以來(lái)我國(guó)的

6、電力工業(yè)快速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在我國(guó)將要實(shí)現(xiàn)以超高壓和特高壓輸電線骨架，各個(gè)電壓等級(jí)的輸電線路協(xié)調(diào)運(yùn)行的電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。我國(guó)為推動(dòng)電力能源在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的優(yōu)化配置，保障安全可靠的電力供應(yīng)而大力發(fā)展智能電網(wǎng)。近年來(lái)，隨著新技術(shù)的不斷應(yīng)用，跨區(qū)跨省電網(wǎng)建設(shè)快速推進(jìn)，電網(wǎng)網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)得到進(jìn)一步的加強(qiáng)和完善。在中西部地區(qū)資源和消費(fèi)帶動(dòng)下，隨著電網(wǎng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)建設(shè)，講逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)大區(qū)域或者全國(guó)電力電量平衡原則。而電網(wǎng)建設(shè)將配合電源基地建設(shè)，改變過去單獨(dú)依靠輸煤的模式，采取輸煤與輸電并舉的發(fā)展方式，通過特高壓、超高壓交直流，試試跨區(qū)、跨省，西電東送，南北互濟(jì)，水電交互，火電、水電、風(fēng)電、太陽(yáng)能打捆送電。在實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率的智能化電網(wǎng)中220kv

7、輸電線路將起著不可替代的作用！各地區(qū)的地形、地質(zhì)、氣象等自然環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜。在輸電線路建設(shè)中會(huì)遇到許多技術(shù)問題，通過大量的工程實(shí)踐，我們對(duì)高山地區(qū)、嚴(yán)重覆冰地區(qū)、臺(tái)風(fēng)地區(qū)、高海拔地區(qū)、不良地質(zhì)地區(qū)、地震災(zāi)害地區(qū)等特殊條件下，設(shè)點(diǎn)線路的設(shè)計(jì)、施工和運(yùn)行都積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，已經(jīng)建設(shè)輸電線路有關(guān)的研究和試驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)和設(shè)施、電力專家一致認(rèn)為，要適應(yīng)我國(guó)電網(wǎng)未來(lái)快速發(fā)展的要求。確保電網(wǎng)的安全、穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行，在今后的電網(wǎng)建設(shè)中應(yīng)推動(dòng)新技術(shù)應(yīng)用，以提高電網(wǎng)輸送能力，節(jié)約輸電走廊，提高線路投資效益。而220kv輸電線路的設(shè)計(jì)、施工和運(yùn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最完善的，它將是今后發(fā)展超高壓，大容量輸電線路的建設(shè)創(chuàng)造十分有利的條件。

8、本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是我們?cè)趯W(xué)校期間的一個(gè)十分重要的綜合性教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)，通過本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，可以全面復(fù)習(xí)架空線路基本知識(shí)、鞏固四年所學(xué)的相關(guān)理論知識(shí)，掌握架空線路設(shè)計(jì)的流程和內(nèi)容、計(jì)算及分析方法；還可以提高對(duì)本專業(yè)知識(shí)、計(jì)算機(jī)知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力、cad工程制圖水平，培養(yǎng)調(diào)查研究，收集、查詢和閱讀中外文文獻(xiàn)資料；綜合運(yùn)用專業(yè)理論與知識(shí)分析解決實(shí)際問題的能力；同時(shí)通過本設(shè)計(jì)可以提高邏輯思維與形象思維相結(jié)合的文字及口頭表達(dá)能力、撰寫設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書或畢業(yè)論文的文字表達(dá)能力。這樣，既可對(duì)本專業(yè)在國(guó)內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、技術(shù)水平有所了解，又使我們具有了一定的工程實(shí)踐意識(shí)，為今后的工作奠定了一定的基礎(chǔ)，培養(yǎng)作為輸電線路設(shè)計(jì)建設(shè)運(yùn)行

9、工作者應(yīng)有的認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)科學(xué)的態(tài)度和吃苦耐勞的作風(fēng)。1.2本設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容根據(jù)220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段平斷面圖、地質(zhì)勘測(cè)報(bào)告書、當(dāng)?shù)貧庀髼l件、相關(guān)塔型和線路設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范，對(duì)線路進(jìn)行線路施工圖設(shè)計(jì)與桿塔選型并校驗(yàn)、基礎(chǔ)選型并效驗(yàn)，編制詳細(xì)的工程設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)文檔和桿塔、基礎(chǔ)明細(xì)。屬于高壓電網(wǎng)工程設(shè)計(jì)與安全運(yùn)行和反事故預(yù)防設(shè)計(jì)研究課題，課題內(nèi)容如下：1. 220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段檔距論證，導(dǎo)、地線選型及其它；2. 220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段導(dǎo)線應(yīng)力弧垂計(jì)算與地線應(yīng)力弧垂計(jì)算；3. 220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段耐張段分段、桿塔排桿定位、確定線路設(shè)計(jì)方案；4. 220kv羅旺線標(biāo)段防覆冰、防風(fēng)偏、防振、防雷接地等常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)論證；5.

10、 本標(biāo)段特殊區(qū)域研究與相關(guān)措施；1.3工程概況220羅旺線起點(diǎn)為500千伏羅洞站，終點(diǎn)為220千伏旺新站，桿塔共73基，其中#1#63在佛山境內(nèi)，#6473#在肇慶四會(huì)大旺開發(fā)區(qū)內(nèi)。自2010年1月自肇慶局全線移交佛山局運(yùn)行維護(hù)，意味著羅旺線保供電工作由佛山局一力承擔(dān)。線路全長(zhǎng)23.759公里，再加上相關(guān)的變電設(shè)備與通信線路等，數(shù)量相當(dāng)龐大；線路跨越了佛山、肇慶兩市的四個(gè)鎮(zhèn)街和工業(yè)區(qū)。本工程所在地為佛山境內(nèi)，為低山、丘陵地帶，該線路路徑地區(qū)，年雷暴日數(shù), 屬雷暴多發(fā)區(qū)。本課題即標(biāo)段全長(zhǎng)3483m左右，位于丘陵地帶，其間有大片樹林，并有房屋、墳地、小路等地物，交叉跨越線路眾多，本線路位于山區(qū)，地

11、質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，山丘地區(qū)上覆植被，工程地質(zhì)：粉質(zhì)粘土，可塑，計(jì)算容重，計(jì)算上拔角，計(jì)算內(nèi)摩擦角，土壤電阻率為。佛山地區(qū)氣候炎熱，按第一氣象區(qū)計(jì)算由于靠近海邊，誤會(huì)等級(jí)選三級(jí)，已知條件參照典型設(shè)計(jì)取值。2導(dǎo)地線的設(shè)計(jì)2.1導(dǎo)線比載的計(jì)算2.1.1原始條件第級(jí)氣象區(qū)條件參數(shù)如下所示1表2.1氣象條件參數(shù)代表情況溫度()風(fēng)速(m/s)冰厚(mm)最高氣溫4000最低氣溫-500最大風(fēng)速10350覆冰有風(fēng)-100安裝(無(wú)風(fēng))000年平均氣溫2000外過電壓(無(wú)風(fēng))1500外過電壓(有風(fēng))15150內(nèi)過電壓20200安裝(有風(fēng))0100本設(shè)計(jì)采用的導(dǎo)線型號(hào)為lgj-240/30，其參數(shù)如下表所示。表2.2導(dǎo)線l

12、gj-240/30參數(shù)名 稱數(shù) 據(jù)截面積(mm2)275.96直徑(mm)21.60溫度膨脹系數(shù)(1/)19.610-6彈性模數(shù)e(n/mm2)73000單位長(zhǎng)度重量(kg/km)922.2計(jì)算拉斷力(kn)75620強(qiáng)度極限p(mpa/m)260.32安全系數(shù)2.5需用應(yīng)力0(mpa)104.12年均應(yīng)力上限cp(mpa)65.08確定避雷線的計(jì)算參數(shù)(1) 根據(jù)導(dǎo)線的型號(hào)為lgj-240/30，按表2.3應(yīng)該選擇避雷線型號(hào)為gj-50。避雷線安全系數(shù)取k=3.5(2)由于避雷線不用輸送電力，故不需要計(jì)算內(nèi)過電壓，外過電壓(有風(fēng))情況，計(jì)算外過電壓只是校檢導(dǎo)線與避雷線在檔距中央的距離配合。(

13、3)計(jì)算氣象條件同導(dǎo)線。(4)避雷線的計(jì)算參數(shù)確定依據(jù)1,如下表所示。表2.3 避雷線選擇依據(jù)導(dǎo)線型號(hào)lgj-35lgj-70lgj-95lgj-185lgj-240lgj-300lgj-400及以上避雷線型號(hào)gj-25gj-35gj-50gj-70(5)選用的避雷線為gj-50，其參數(shù)如下所示。表2.4避雷線gj-50參數(shù)名稱數(shù)據(jù)截面積(mm2)49.48直徑(mm)9溫度膨脹系數(shù)(1/)11.510-6彈性身長(zhǎng)系數(shù)e(n/mm2)181400單位長(zhǎng)度重量(kg/km)411.9計(jì)算拉斷力(n)53176安全系數(shù)2.52.1.2架空線的比載計(jì)算架空線的比載是指單位長(zhǎng)度和單位截面上導(dǎo)線所承受的

14、機(jī)械荷載，其常用單位是n/mmm2或mpa/m。作用在架空線路上的荷載有架空線的自重、冰重和架空線所承受的風(fēng)壓，為了清楚的表示這些荷載，可采用符號(hào)表示，其中x=17，表示7種不同的比載，b表示計(jì)算比載時(shí)的覆冰的厚度mm,v表示計(jì)算風(fēng)速m/s1 。架空線的各種比載(mpa/m)(1)自重比載： (2)冰重比載： (3)覆冰時(shí)導(dǎo)線的垂直總比載：(4)無(wú)冰時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載,計(jì)算公式：1)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，因?yàn)閷?dǎo)線直徑 17mm，故導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角： 2)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為：3) 當(dāng)風(fēng)速m/s時(shí)，風(fēng)壓

15、不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為 4)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為(5)覆冰時(shí)的風(fēng)壓比載：因?yàn)閷?dǎo)線不覆冰，(6)無(wú)冰有風(fēng)時(shí)的綜合比載：無(wú)冰有風(fēng)時(shí)，導(dǎo)線上作用著垂直方向的比載和平方向的比載，按向量合成得綜合比載：外過電壓綜合比載：安裝綜合比載：內(nèi)過綜合比載：最大風(fēng)綜合比載(計(jì)算強(qiáng)度)：最大風(fēng)綜合比載(計(jì)算風(fēng)偏)：2.2臨界檔距及控制氣象條件的判斷2.2.1導(dǎo)線的機(jī)械物理特性抗拉強(qiáng)度極限： p = 260.3240 mpa許用應(yīng)力： 0 = 104.1296 mpa，年均許用應(yīng)力： cp = 65

16、.0810 mpa，2.2.2 可能控制氣象條件列表根據(jù)比載、控制應(yīng)力，將有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)按/0值由小到大列出表格，表2.5比值計(jì)算結(jié)果及其排序表氣象條件最低溫度最大風(fēng)速年均氣溫排序acb臨界檔距的計(jì)算根據(jù)上式可以算得臨界檔距如下表表2.6有效臨界檔距判別表氣象條件最低氣溫a年均氣溫b最大風(fēng)速c臨界檔距根據(jù)列表法可知，有限臨界檔距為=426.8776，當(dāng)檔距0426.8776時(shí)，最大風(fēng)速為控制氣象條件。2.3繪制應(yīng)力弧垂曲線繪制計(jì)算各控制氣象條件下的應(yīng)力利用如下公式： 弧垂計(jì)算公式2.3.1. 求的各氣象條件下的應(yīng)力如表表2.7 ljg-240/30型導(dǎo)線應(yīng)力弧垂計(jì)算表檔距（m）最大風(fēng)年平均溫最低氣溫

17、最高氣溫內(nèi)過電壓5081.760.216365.080.1574101.140.101338.90.263365.380.16876082.460.308965.080.2266100.640.146540.040.368365.50.242510085.740.825165.080.629497.840.418744.460.921366.090.667714089.221.554265.081.233794.110.853248.221.665166.721.296418092.432.479965.082.039489.931.475951.242.590267.302.12462209

18、5.243.595365.083.045685.812.310553.643.696467.793.150826097.634.898465.084.255082.133.371955.544.986068.194.375130099.656.389765.085.665079.044.664357.056.462068.515.7977340101.348.070365.087.276376.566.185058.278.127268.767.4192380102.759.941965.089.089174.617.928859.259.984168.969.2401420103.9412.

19、006165.0811.103473.069.890360.0412.034669.1311.2609426.88104.1312.380565.0811.470072.8310.249260.1712.406869.1511.6285460104.1314.376364.4613.446771.0612.199160.1814.403268.6213.6074500104.1316.985263.8616.037369.3614.766260.217.012668.116.1998540104.1319.811663.3718.849168.0217.561260.2119.839467.6

20、819.0129580104.1322.855362.9821.881266.9620.581060.2222.883667.3422.0459620104.1326.116562.6525.138266.1023.823460.2326.145067.0525.2983660104.1329.595162.3828.603565.3927.287260.2429.623966.8228.1696700104.1333.29162.1632.292964.8130.971160.2433.320166.6232.4594續(xù)表檔距（m）外過無(wú)風(fēng)外過有風(fēng)安裝有風(fēng)事故5072.150.141972.

21、270.14793.860.110693.835060720.204872.170.21293.420.1693.396010071.210.575371.640.593491.060.455990.9510014070.281.142470.021.173187.980.924887.7914018069.391.912670.431.955584.651.588984.3518022068.622.889369.922.942581.482.466181.0622026067.994.073169.54.134678.713.565578.1926030067.485.463568.165

22、.531576.424.888775.8330034067.087.059568.97.132574.66.432973.9534038066.768.860268.688.937173.168.193972.4638042066.5110.864968.5110.944872.0210.168271.29420426.8866.4711.2368.4911.310471.8510.528971.11426.8846065.6613.201867.7213.282970.3612.484769.6146050064.8715.787866.9715.869568.9315.056668.165

23、0054064.2418.596166.3618.678267.817.854767.0254058063.7221.625465.8721.707866.8920.876666.1158062063.324.874965.4724.957566.1624.120565.3762066062.9628.343965.1428.426665.5527.585164.7666070062.6632.03264.8632.114765.0531.269764.267005072.150.141972.270.14793.860.110693.832.3.2繪制安裝曲線線路安裝時(shí)不同溫度和檔距下的應(yīng)力

24、和弧垂如下表溫度l(m)50100150200250300350-200(mpa)148.08145.07140.35134.36127.71121.07114.98f100(m)0.30820.31460.32520.33970.35740.37700.3969-150(mpa)141.01138.17133.74128.21122.17116.26110.93f100(m)0.32370.33030.34120.3560.37360.39260.4114-100(mpa)133.95131.3127.21122.18116.8111.63107.06f100(m)0.34070.34760

25、.35880.37350.39070.40880.4263-50(mpa)126.9124.47120.77116.3111.62107.22103.38f100(m)0.35970.36670.37790.39240.40890.42570.441500(mpa)119.86117.69114.43110.58106.6310399.89f100(m)0.38080.38780.39880.41270.4280.44310.456950(mpa)112.84110.97108.21105.03101.8698.9996.57f100(m)0.40450.41130.42180.43450.4

26、4810.4610.4726100(mpa)105.84104.32102.1499.6997.395.293.44f100(m)0.43120.43750.44680.45780.46910.47940.4885150(mpa)98.8697.7796.2394.5692.9891.690.47f100(m)0.46160.44680.47430.48270.49090.49820.5045200(mpa)91.9291.3390.5289.6788.8888.2287.67f100(m)0.49650.49970.50420.5090.51350.51740.5206250(mpa)85.

27、0385.0385.0385.0385.0385.0385.03f100(m)0.53680.53680.53680.53680.53680.53680.5368300(mpa)78.1978.979.7880.6581.482.0382.53f100(m)0.58370.57850.57210.56590.56070.55640.553350(mpa)71.4372.9874.8276.5478.0179.2180.17f100(m)0.6390.62540.610.59630.58510.57620.5639400(mpa)64.7867.3270.1572.774.8476.5777.9

28、5f100(m)0.70640.67790.65060.62770.60990.59610.5855表2.8各種施工溫度下的應(yīng)力和百米檔距弧垂續(xù)表溫度l(m)400450500550600650700-200(mpa)109.77105.49102.0799.3597.1995.4594.05f100(m)0.41580.43260.44710.45940.46960.47810.4853-150(mpa)106.42102.7599.8297.4995.6394.1492.93f100(m)0.42890.44420.45720.46820.47730.48480.4911-100(mpa)

29、103.23100.1397.6695.794.1392.8791.84f100(m)0.44210.45580.46730.47690.48490.49150.497-50(mpa)100.297.6595.6193.9892.6891.6390.78f100(m)0.45550.46740.47740.48560.49240.49810.502800(mpa)97.3395.2893.6492.3491.2990.4489.75f100(m)0.46890.4790.48740.49430.49990.50460.508550(mpa)94.593.0291.7690.7689.9589.

30、2988.75f100(m)0.48240.49060.49740.50290.50740.51110.5142100(mpa)92.0190.8889.9789.2488.6588.1787.78f100(m)0.4960.50220.50730.51140.51480.51760.5199150(mpa)89.5688.8388.2587.7887.487.0986.84f100(m)0.50960.51380.51720.51990.52220.5240.5256200(mpa)87.2386.8886.686.3886.1986.0485.92f100(m)0.52320.52530.

31、5270.52840.52950.53040.5312250(mpa)85.0385.0385.0385.0385.0385.0385.03f100(m)0.53680.53680.53680.53680.53680.53680.5368300(mpa)82.9383.2583.5183.7283.984.0484.16f100(m)0.55030.54820.54650.54510.5440.54310.5423350(mpa)80.9581.5782.0782.4782.8183.0883.31f100(m)0.56380.55950.55610.55340.55120.54930.547

32、8400(mpa)79.0679.9580.6881.2781.7582.1582.49f100(m)0.57730.57080.56570.56160.55830.55560.55332.4地線的計(jì)算2.4.1地線比載的計(jì)算(1)自重比載： (2) 冰重比載：(3)覆冰時(shí)導(dǎo)線的垂直總比載：(4)無(wú)冰時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載,計(jì)算公式：1)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，因?yàn)閷?dǎo)線直徑 17mm，故導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角時(shí)：2)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為：3) 當(dāng)風(fēng)速m/s時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間

33、的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為4)當(dāng)風(fēng)速時(shí)，風(fēng)壓不均勻系數(shù)，導(dǎo)線的風(fēng)載體型系數(shù)，風(fēng)向與架空線軸線之間的夾角，此時(shí)風(fēng)壓比載為(5)覆冰時(shí)的風(fēng)壓比載：因?yàn)閷?dǎo)線不覆冰，(6)無(wú)冰有風(fēng)時(shí)的綜合比載：無(wú)冰有風(fēng)時(shí)，導(dǎo)線上作用著垂直方向的比載和平方向的比載，按向量合成得綜合比載：外過電壓綜合比載：安裝綜合比載：內(nèi)過綜合比載：最大風(fēng)綜合比載(計(jì)算強(qiáng)度)：最大風(fēng)綜合比載(計(jì)算風(fēng)偏)：2.4.2地線的機(jī)械物理特性抗拉強(qiáng)度極限: p = 1020.9620 mpa許用應(yīng)力: 0 = 408.3848 mpa，安全系數(shù)k=2.5年均許用應(yīng)力: cp = 255.2405 mpa，安全系數(shù)k=4.02.4.2 可能控制氣象條件

34、列表根據(jù)比載、控制應(yīng)力，將有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)按/0值由小到大列出表格，表2.5比值計(jì)算結(jié)果及其排序表氣象條件最低溫度最大風(fēng)速年均氣溫81.63610-3142.64810-381.63610-3408.38408.38255.241.99910-43.49310-43.19810-4排序acb臨界檔距的計(jì)算根據(jù)上式可以算得臨界檔距如下表表2.6有效臨界檔距判別表氣象條件最低氣溫a年均氣溫b最大風(fēng)速c臨界檔距根據(jù)列表法可知，有限臨界檔距為=942.6269，當(dāng)檔距0942.6269時(shí)，最大風(fēng)速為控制氣象條件。2.4.4繪制應(yīng)力弧垂曲線繪制計(jì)算各控制氣象條件下的應(yīng)力利用如下公式： 弧垂計(jì)算公式表2.7. 求

35、的各氣象條件下的應(yīng)力如表檔距（m）最大風(fēng)年平均溫最低氣溫最高氣溫內(nèi)過電壓5060279.10.1597255.240.1306.80.0832214.330.119255.560.1078100280.360.229255.240.1439306.540.1198214.670.1711255.690.1552140287.040.6212255.240.3998305.070.3345216.530.4713256.440.4297180295.481.1828255.240.7836302.990.6601218.960.9135257.460.839220304.721.8959255.

36、241.2954300.421.1005221.681.4915258.641.3805260314.122.7474255.241.935297.511.6601224.482.2002259.912.0522300323.33.7283255.242.7027294.412.3431227.213.0316261.192.8522340332.054.8329255.243.5982291.253.1533229.793.9968262.433.7749380340.276.0577255.244.6217288.144.0939232.175.081263.64.8329420347.9

37、27.4005255.245.7713285.185.167234.336.2882264.686.0122460354.998.8604255.247.0525282.416.374236.287.6183265.677.3172500361.5110.4396255.248.4598279.877.7154238.039.0714266.578.7477540367.512.13255.249.995277.569.1914239.5910.6478267.3810.30458037313.9399255.2411.6582275.4810.8017240.9812.3479268.111

38、.9861620378.0315.8673255.2413.4493273.6212.5458242.2214.172268.7513.7942660382.6517.9125255.2415.3686271.9614.4322243.3316.1206269.3315.7284700386.8920.0762255.2417.4153270.4916.4335244.3218.1941269.8517.789續(xù)表檔距（m）外過無(wú)風(fēng)外過有風(fēng)安裝有風(fēng)事故50265.520.0961265.660.0998296.50.0872296.460.086160265.460.1384265.660.1

39、437296.30.1257396.250.124100265.110.3849265.640.3991295.170.3505295.020.3459140264.620.7558265.620.7832293.580.6907293.290.682180264.031.2522265.61.2934291.641.1494291.161.1355220263.391.8752265.571.9323289.451.73288.781.7103260262.732.6256265.542.6992287.152.4357286.252.4099300262.083.5042265.513.5

40、94284.823.2692283.73.2372340261.474.5117265.484.6167282.554.2328281.214.1948380264.895.6841265.455.7675280.415.3279278.855.2842420260.366.9138265.437.0462278.416.5553276.666.5065460259.888.3087265.418.453276.587.9153274.657.8619500259.459.8329265.399.9877274.939.408272.849.3504540259.0611.4861265.37

41、11.6504273.4411.0332271.210.972580258.7213.2684265.3613.441272.1112.7906269.7412.7261620258.4115.1796265.3415.3598270.9214.6796268.4414.6124660258.1417.2196265.3317.4065269.8616.7267.2916.6304700257.919.8338265.3219.5811268.9218.8513266.2618.77962.4.5繪制安裝曲線線路安裝時(shí)不同溫度和檔距下的應(yīng)力和弧垂如下表對(duì)不同的檔距，可以根據(jù)其應(yīng)力繪制成百米檔距

42、弧垂，即應(yīng)用狀態(tài)方程式求解各施工氣象下的安裝應(yīng)力，進(jìn)而接的相應(yīng)的弧垂如下表表2.8各種施工氣溫下的應(yīng)力和百米檔距弧垂溫度l(m)50100150200250300350-50(mpa)327.5352.28321.8317.33312.22306.82301.44f100(m)0.31160.31370.31710.32160.32680.33260.338500(mpa)317.14315.16312.06308.12303.64298.96294.33f100(m)0.32180.32380.3270.33120.33610.34130.346750(mpa)306.8305.07302.

43、39299295.2291.25287.39f100(m)0.33260.33450.33750.34130.34570.35040.3551100(mpa)296.46295.02292.79289.99286.89283.7280.61f100(m)0.34420.34590.34850.35190.35570.35970.3637150(mpa)286.14285283.26281.1278.73276.32274f100(m)0.35660.35810.36030.3630.36610.36930.3724200(mpa)275.82275.03273.82272.34270.7326

44、9.11267.57f100(m)0.370.3710.37270.37470.37690.37920.3814250(mpa)265.52265.11264.48263.72262.9262.080261.32f100(m)0.38430.38490.38580.3870.38820.38940.3905300(mpa)255.24255.24255.24255.24255.24255.24255.24f100(m)0.39980.39980.39980.39980.39980.39980.3998350(mpa)244.98245.44246.12246.93247.77248.59249

45、.32f100(m)0.41660.41580.41460.41330.41190.41050.4093400(mpa)234.73235.71237.14238.79240.49242.12243.63f100(m)0.43470.43290.43030.42730.42430.42150.4189溫度l(m)400450500550600650700-50(mpa)296.33291.62287.41283.69280.45277.65275.23f100(m)5.50997.085980876410.881113.098915.528218.167600(mpa)289.97285.98

46、282.41279.28276.56274.2272.17f100(m)5.63077.22589.033311.052813.283315.723418.371950(mpa)283.77280.48277.56275272.77270.84269.18f100(m)5.75357.36749.191411.225213.467915.918618.5759100(mpa)277.73275.14272.84270.82269.08267.56266.26f100(m)5.87877.51059.350411.389113.652816.113618.7789150(mpa)271.86268.94268.24266.76265.48264.37263.41f100(m)6.00567.6559.510511.571613.837816.308418.9829續(xù)表溫度l(m)400450500550600650700200(mpa)266.16264.9263.78262.81261.97261.25260.62f100(m)0.38340.38520.38690.38830.38950.39060