2019年中石油職稱英語(yǔ)新版選讀文章系列(43)

1、2019 年中石油職稱英語(yǔ)新版選讀文章系列 (43)Whats Your Best Time of Day? 何時(shí)是你一天中的時(shí)間 ?1. Biological rhythms make us a different person at 9 a. m. than we are at 3 p. m. Heres a guide to when you work better, feel better, think better.1、生物節(jié)奏使我們?cè)谠缟暇劈c(diǎn)和下午三點(diǎn)判若兩人。本文指導(dǎo) 你何時(shí)工作效率較高，何時(shí)自我感覺(jué)較好，何時(shí)思維活動(dòng)較佳。2. Every fall, Jane, a young

2、 mother and part-time librarian, begins to eat more and often feels sleepy. Her mood is also darker, especially when she awakens in the morning; it takes all her energy just to drag herself out of bed. These symptoms persist until April, when warmer weather and longer days seem to lighten her mood a

3、nd alleviate her cravings for food and sleep.2、簡(jiǎn)是一位年輕的媽媽和兼職的圖書(shū)館管理員。每年一到秋天， 她就開(kāi)始食欲增強(qiáng)，而且常?；杌栌Ｋ那榫w也比較消沉，尤其 是早上一覺(jué)醒來(lái)之際，幾乎要鼓起全身精力才能勉強(qiáng)掙扎下床。這些 癥狀要持續(xù)到翌年四月，那時(shí)候，較暖的氣候和較長(zhǎng)的白晝仿佛使她 的心情輕松起來(lái)，也不那么嘴饞和嗜睡了。3. Joseph, a 48-year-old engineer for a Midwestern computer company, feels cranky early in the morning. But as th

4、e day progresses, he becomes friendlier and more accommodating.3、48 歲的約瑟夫是中西部一家計(jì)算機(jī)公司的工程師。每天清晨 覺(jué)得愛(ài)發(fā)脾氣，但到了白天，他卻變得較為友善，容易和人相處了。4. All living organisms, from mollusks to men and women, exhibit biological rhythms. Some are short and can be measured in minutes of hours. Others last days or months. The pea

5、king of body temperature, which occurs in most people every evening, is a daily rhythm. The menstrual cycle is a monthly rhythm. The increase in sexual drive in the autumn not in the spring, as poets would have us believeis aseasonal, or yearly rhythm.4、一切生物體，從軟體動(dòng)物到人類的男男女女，無(wú)不表現(xiàn)出生 物節(jié)奏。有些節(jié)奏為時(shí)甚短，能夠用分鐘或

6、小時(shí)計(jì)量。另一些節(jié)奏要 持續(xù)若干天，甚至幾個(gè)月。多數(shù)人的體溫每天傍晚達(dá)到點(diǎn)。這是一種 每日一次的節(jié)奏。 月經(jīng)周期是每月一次的節(jié)奏。性欲沖動(dòng)在秋季轉(zhuǎn)旺 一一并非像詩(shī)人要我們相信的那樣出現(xiàn)在春天它是一種季節(jié)性的 或每年一度的節(jié)奏。5. The idea that our bodies are in constant flux is fairly new and goes against traditional medical training. In the past, many doctors were taught to believe the body has a relatively st

7、able, or homeostatic, internal environment. Any fluctuations were considered random and not meaningful enough to be studied.5、認(rèn)為我們的軀體經(jīng)常處于持續(xù)變動(dòng)的狀態(tài)，這種想法是相當(dāng) 新穎的一一它與傳統(tǒng)的醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練的觀點(diǎn)相反。過(guò)去，很多醫(yī)生所受的 教育使他們相信人體有一種比較穩(wěn)定的或者說(shuō)是體內(nèi)平衡的內(nèi)在環(huán)境。 任何波動(dòng)都被視為事出偶然，沒(méi)有值得研究的充分意義。6. As early as the 1940s, however, some scientists question

8、ed the homeostatic view of the body. Franz Halberg, a young European scientist working in the United States, noticed that the number of white blood cells in laboratory mice was dramatically higher and lower at different times of day. Gradually, such research spread to the study of other rhythms in o

9、ther life forms, and the findings were sometimes startling. For example, the time of day when a person receives X-ray or drug treatment for cancer can affect treatment benefits and ultimately mean the difference between life and death.6、不過(guò)，早在 40 年代，有些科學(xué)家就對(duì)體內(nèi)平衡的觀點(diǎn)提出質(zhì) 疑。一位在美國(guó)工作的年輕的歐洲科學(xué)家弗蘭茨 * 哈爾伯格，曾注意到

10、 實(shí)驗(yàn)室里小白鼠的白血球數(shù)目的多寡在每天不同的時(shí)間里有顯著的差 別。這種研宄逐漸擴(kuò)大到對(duì)其他生命形式的其他節(jié)奏的探討，其結(jié)果 有時(shí)是令人吃驚的。例如，癌癥患者每天接受 X 線治療或藥物治療的 時(shí)間會(huì)影響治療的效果，并最終意味著生和死的差別。7. This new science is called chronobiology, and the evidence supporting it has become increasingly persuasive. Along the way, the scientific and medical communities are beginning

11、to rethink their ideas about how the human body works, and gradually what had been considered a minor science just a few years ago is being studied in major universities and medical centers around the world. There are even chronobiologists working for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, as well as for the National Institutes of Health and other government laboratories.7