人教版必修一 Unit 2 3單元語(yǔ)法 課件 4(3)

1、Period 3 Grammar Warming up1.Hesaid:“Iveleftmypeninmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.2.Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)(把下列直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)把下列直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ))SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”1.陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)連接詞用連接詞用that,在在口語(yǔ)中可省略。引述動(dòng)詞用口語(yǔ)中可省略。引述動(dòng)

2、詞用said,told,等。等。例如：例如：Hesaid:“Iveleftmybookinmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom. 復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)律復(fù)習(xí)規(guī)律2.疑問(wèn)句的間接引語(yǔ)。一般疑問(wèn)句后連接疑問(wèn)句的間接引語(yǔ)。一般疑問(wèn)句后連接詞用詞用if或或whether，而引述選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，而引述選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)只能用只能用whether，引述動(dòng)詞用，引述動(dòng)詞用asked，沒(méi)，沒(méi)有間接引語(yǔ)的可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)有間接引語(yǔ)的可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)me,him等。等。例如：例如：ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedTomif/whether

3、hecouldhelpher. 3.特殊疑問(wèn)句用原句中的疑問(wèn)詞作連接特殊疑問(wèn)句用原句中的疑問(wèn)詞作連接詞，改為陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：詞，改為陳述語(yǔ)序。例如： TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit. Theteacherasked,“Howdidyourepairit?”4.如何變時(shí)態(tài)：如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)如：如

4、：1)Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid.“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。不變化。(1)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀(guān)真理。直接引語(yǔ)是客觀(guān)真理?！癟heearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheeart

5、h”,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(2)直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不時(shí)態(tài)不變。變。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.(3)直接引語(yǔ)中被引述的部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)直接引語(yǔ)中被引述的部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的的, ,習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)情況仍然存在習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)

6、作或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)情況仍然存在的的, ,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), , 時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。 Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.(4).若直接引語(yǔ)中含有若直接引語(yǔ)中含有when,since,while等引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從等引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句句,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshew

7、assixyearsold.(5).若直接引語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)中含有若直接引語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.5.如何變狀語(yǔ)：如何變狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在在規(guī)律規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”改為改為“原來(lái)原來(lái)”例例:now變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hedaybefore,today變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hatd

8、ay。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),尤其表示方向性的尤其表示方向性的,或用指示或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ),由由“此此”改為改為“彼彼”(例例:this改為改為that),如：如：Hesaid,Thesebooksaremine.Hesaidthosebookswerehis.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化化:thisthat;thesethose;nowthen;yesterdaythedaybefore;todaythatday;tomorrowthenextday;nextweek(month,year)thenextweek(month,year);ag

9、obefore;herethere直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(二二)祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)的用法祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)的用法1直接引語(yǔ)如果是肯定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)如果是肯定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，時(shí)，必須把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，并在動(dòng)詞不定式之前用并在動(dòng)詞不定式之前用tell(讓讓)，ask(請(qǐng)請(qǐng))，order(命命令令)，command(命令命令)，warn(警告警告)，advise(建議建議)等含有祈使意義的動(dòng)詞。即：等含有祈使意義的動(dòng)詞。即：tell/ask/order/command sb.to do sth.。若祈使

10、句為否定式，在動(dòng)詞不定式之前加若祈使句為否定式，在動(dòng)詞不定式之前加not。祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)采用采用“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 told/asked/ordered sb. (not) to do sth.“Hurry up.” he said.He told me to hurry up.He said to them，“Dont go out.”He ordered them not to go out.2有些表建議、要求或勸告的祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)有些表建議、要求或勸告的祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以用時(shí)，可以用suggest，insist，offer等動(dòng)詞

11、加以轉(zhuǎn)述，等動(dòng)詞加以轉(zhuǎn)述，此時(shí)要注意這些詞的固定搭配。此時(shí)要注意這些詞的固定搭配。He said，“Lets go to the museum.”He suggested that we (should) go to the museum.如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求，間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常用，間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常用ask，如果是表示如果是表示命令命令，間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常用，間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常用tell, order, command等。等。3直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)可以用直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)可以用what或或how引導(dǎo)，也可以用引導(dǎo)，也可以用that引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。She said，“

12、What a lovely day it is！”She said what a lovely day it was.(或：或：She said that it was a lovely day.)注意：有些感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)述要根據(jù)原句的意思采用適注意：有些感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)述要根據(jù)原句的意思采用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞變?yōu)殛愂鼍洹．?dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞變?yōu)殛愂鼍?。“Happy New Year！” he said.He wished me a Happy New Year.直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) (變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)祈使句祈使句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your

13、post.”不定式不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) (變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)Lets開(kāi)頭的祈使句開(kāi)頭的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) (變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)感嘆句感嘆句He said: “How happy I am!”that/what/how引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)從句Hesaidthathew

14、asveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.例如例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Dontwasteyourtime.”ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.2.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.例例如：如：Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.直

15、接引語(yǔ)如果是以直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Lets”開(kāi)頭的祈開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)句詞（或從句）。動(dòng)句詞（或從句）?！薄炬溄佑?xùn)練【鏈接訓(xùn)練】“Dontgiveupthehopebeforeyoureallytryhard.”Samsaid.變變間接引語(yǔ)為間接引語(yǔ)為_(kāi)A.SamaskedmenottogiveupthehopebeforeIreallytryhard.B.SamtoldmenottogiveupthehopebeforeIreallytriedhard.C.Samaskedmenottogiveupthehopebeforeyo

16、ureallytryhard.DSamtoldmenottogiveupthehopebeforeIreallytryhard.【解析【解析】祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.，注，注意人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。意人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。【答案【答案】B“Will you come here next Sunday？” Sunny asked.變間接引語(yǔ)為變間接引語(yǔ)為 _ASunny told us to come here next Sunday.BSunny told us to go there next Sunday.CSunny asked

17、 if we would go there the next Sunday.DSunny asked us to come here the next Sunday.【解析【解析】一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用if或或whether引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緾What did the doctor say?He _ Jim to _ in bed for 2 days.Asaid；lie Badvised；layCadvised；lain Dtold；lie【解析【解析】考查間接引語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的選用及搭配?？疾殚g接引語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的選用及搭配。tell sb. to do st

18、h.“告訴某人做某事告訴某人做某事”；say sb. to do sth.不搭配，所以排除不搭配，所以排除A項(xiàng)；項(xiàng)；advise后雖可接后雖可接sb. to do sth.，但是，但是B項(xiàng)和項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)的項(xiàng)的lay和和lain都不是躺都不是躺“l(fā)ie”的的原形，所以都被排除掉。原形，所以都被排除掉。【答案【答案】D“Be careful with the dog，” said he. He _ me to be careful with the dog.Asaid Bwarned Cbegged Dhoped【解析【解析】考查間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞選用。句意為：他告考查間接引語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞選用。句意為：他告誡我

19、小心那條狗。誡我小心那條狗。warn是是“告誡，警告，提醒告誡，警告，提醒”的意的意思；思；A項(xiàng)和項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)搭配不對(duì)；項(xiàng)搭配不對(duì)；C項(xiàng)的項(xiàng)的beg是是“請(qǐng)求；懇求請(qǐng)求；懇求”的意思，所以也不對(duì)，排除掉。的意思，所以也不對(duì)，排除掉?！敬鸢浮敬鸢浮緽1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose練一練練一練2.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidtome

20、;nottodoB.saidtome;dontdoC.toldme;dontdoD.toldme;nottodo3.“Dontputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim_putiton_hat.A.dont,hisB.dont,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom_.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.t

21、hatifhehasseenherpurse5.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter解析解析:如果直接引語(yǔ)是如果直接引語(yǔ)是“Whatsthematter?”“Whatswrong?”“Whatsthetrouble?”,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變。變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變。6.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaParty

22、memberoraLeaguememberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.解析解析: 選擇疑問(wèn)句要變成選擇疑問(wèn)句要變成whether或或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 7.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.

23、hadIalreadygotwell.解析解析:反意疑問(wèn)句要變成反意疑問(wèn)句要變成whether或或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.8.Heasked_forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid9.Theboysaid,“MayIgoalongwithyou?”Theboyaskedme_.A.ifImightgoalongwithyouB.ifhemightgoalongwithyouC.ifhemightgoalongwithme D.ifhemightgoalongwiththeb

24、oy10.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”He_verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas把下列句子變?yōu)橹苯右Z(yǔ)或間接引語(yǔ)。把下列句子變?yōu)橹苯右Z(yǔ)或間接引語(yǔ)。1. “Openthewindow,please.”Mothersaidtome.2.Theteachertoldthestudentnottospeaktohim/herlikethat

25、.“Dontspeaktomelikethat,”theteachersaidtothestudent.Motherasked/toldmetoopenthewindow. 3.“Wouldyoupleasestoptohavearest?”shesaid.4.Heaskedmetolowermyvoice.“Couldyoupleaseloweryourvoice?”hesaid.Sheaskedmetostoptohavearest. Open your books.Please open your books.Can you open your books please?Could /

26、would you please open you books?commandrequest (polite)request (polite)request (polite)Request and commandChange the commands into requests.Close the door!Get me something to drinkTake the dog for a walk!Speak louder!Clean your room.Watch out!Keep silent!LetsdosomeexercisesChange the requests and th

27、e commands into Indirect Speeches“Shut up,” she said to him.He asked her to speak louder.She told her to try the lift.“Dont wait for me,” he said to them.She told him to stop wasting the time.“Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father.She told him to shut up.“Speak louder, please,” he said