昆明植物園植物列表教材

1、2、植物園名錄（以下植物按參觀(guān)先后順序排列） 百草園序號(hào)中文名拉丁學(xué)名科名用途1珍珠莢迷Viburnum foetidum(C.R.Wright)H.and.-Mazz忍冬科治咳嗽、肺炎、跌 打損傷、膿腫。2忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb忍冬科治療流行性感冒、 扁桃體炎等癥。3魔芋Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu.天南星科解毒、止痛；治腫 瘤、頸淋巴結(jié)核。4貼梗海棠Chaenomels lagenaria Koidz.薔薇科舒筋活絡(luò)、和胃化 濕、腰酸腿痛。5鵝掌楸Liriadendron chinense木蘭科根藥用；祛風(fēng)除濕6川牛膝Cyathul

2、a officinalis Kuan莧科祛風(fēng)濕；治腰膝疼痛、大骨節(jié)病7抱莖柴胡Bupleurum longicanle Wall. Ex DC傘形科消炎解毒、祛風(fēng)止 癢；治瘡毒等癥。8滇山茶Camellia reticulata Lindl.山茶科解毒、消食；治頭 痛、心煩口渴等癥。9樟Cinnamomum camphora (Linn.)Presl.樟科治扭挫傷、感冒頭 痛。10何首烏Fallopia multiflora(Thunb.)Harald蓼科治慢性肝炎、筋骨 酸痛、失眠等癥。11荷花玉蘭Magnolia grandiflora Linn木蘭科葉藥用；可降血壓。12巴豆Croton

3、 tiglium Linn.大戟科治胸腹脹痛、風(fēng)濕 性關(guān)節(jié)炎、蛇傷。13算盤(pán)子Glochidion puberum (L.)Hutch大戟科清熱、消帶、止瀉。14絡(luò)石Trachelospermum jasminoiudes (Lindl.)Lem.夾竹桃科祛風(fēng)除濕、活血通絡(luò)、消痛瘡熱毒15益母草Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet唇形科活血通經(jīng)、利尿消 腫。16扁擔(dān)藤Tetrastigma planicaule(Hook)Gagnep.in Lecomte葡萄科作垂直綠化植物。 根和藤治風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié) 炎，半身不遂。17天南星Arisaema heterophyllum Blum

4、ein Rumphia天南星科治驚風(fēng)、蛇蟲(chóng)咬傷。18檫木Sassafras tzumu (Hemsl.)Hemsl.樟科樹(shù)皮藥用；祛風(fēng)濕。19美麗馬醉木Pieris formosa (Wall.)D.Don杜鵑花科消炎止痛、舒筋活 絡(luò)。20香葉天竺葵Pelargonium graveolens LHerit牻牛兒苗科有平喘作用，抗過(guò)1敏。21菖蒲Acorus calamus L.天南星科治風(fēng)寒濕痹、鎮(zhèn)咳 等癥。22黃花夾竹桃Thevetia peruviana(Pers.)K.Schum夾竹桃科強(qiáng)心、利尿、消腫23藿香Agastache rugosa (Fisch.etMeyer)O.Ktze

5、唇形科治寒熱頭痛、腹痛、 胸悶脹滿(mǎn)。24云南黃連Coptis teeta Wall.毛茛科治急性結(jié)膜炎、急 性腸胃炎。25三七Panax notoginseng (Burk.)F .H.Chen ex C.chow et al.五加科跌打損傷、吐血、 消腫止痛、降壓等。26滇黃芩Scutellaria amoena C.H.Wright唇形科除濕熱、瀉火、降 壓，氣管炎、肺炎。27凹葉厚樸Magnolia boiloba (Rehd.etWils.)Cheng木蘭科胸腹脹痛、消化不 良、感冒咳嗽等癥。28五加Acanthopanax gracilistylusW.W.Smith五加科活血祛淤，

6、治風(fēng)寒， 跌打損傷。29杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.杜仲科補(bǔ)肝腎、安胎降壓。30桔梗Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.)A.DC桔?？浦胃忻翱人?、肺結(jié) 核、喉頭炎。31板藍(lán)根Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees)Bremek.爵床科清熱解毒、涼血。 。32石膽草Corallodiscus flabellata(craib.)B.L.Burtt苦苣苔科治外傷出血，月經(jīng) 不調(diào)。33光葉繡線(xiàn)菊Spiraea japonica Linn.薔薇科根可退燒。34矮腳苦蒿Conyza blinii Levl.菊科藥用，主治外傷出 血。35石菖蒲

7、Acorus tatarinowii Schott天南星科治胃痛、消化不良、 外用關(guān)節(jié)扭傷。36巖匙Berneuxia thibetica Decne.巖梅科治咳嗽、勞傷、哮 喘、跌打損傷。37尖子木Oxyspora paniculata (D.Don)DC.野牡丹科清熱解毒；治疥瘡、毒瘡38繡毛過(guò)路黃Lysimachia drymarifolia Franch.報(bào)春花科清熱解毒、利尿通 淋、舒筋活絡(luò)。39地榆Sanguisorba officinalis Linn.薔薇科治燒傷、腹痛、痢 疾、蛇蟲(chóng)咬傷。40云南繁縷Stellaria yunnanensis Franch.石竹科治骨折、頭暈、

8、耳 鳴。41銅錘玉帶草Pratia nummularia (Lam.)A.Br.etAschers.半邊蓮科治腫毒、結(jié)膜炎、 虛弱。42禾葉山麥冬Asparagus graminifo Lius Linn.百合科潤(rùn)肺止咳、治肺熱2咳嗽等癥43大黃Rheum officinale Baill蓼科治水腫、濕熱發(fā)炎、 腫痛。44羽葉鬼燈敬Rodgersia pinnata虎耳草科祛風(fēng)濕、止痛；治 出血、跌打損傷等。45土人參Talinum portulacifolium(Forssk.)Aschers.&Schwinf馬齒莧科治頭暈、耳鳴、肺 結(jié)核、咳嗽等癥。46云南甘草Glycyrrhiza yu

9、nnanensisS.S.cheng蝶形花科治咽喉痛、肚瀉等 癥。47狹葉落地梅Lysimachia paridiformis Franch報(bào)春花科有小毒，涼血，解 毒消腫。48紫蘇Perilla frutescens (L.)Britton唇形科解熱、鎮(zhèn)咳；治嘔 吐、外感風(fēng)寒。49無(wú)患子Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.無(wú)患子科清熱、消積、殺蟲(chóng)。50姜黃Curcuma longa L.姜科止痛、健胃；跌打 損傷、吐血。51滇丁香Luculia pinceana Hook.茜草科祛風(fēng)除濕、補(bǔ)腎強(qiáng) 身。52藿香Agastache rugosa (Fisch.etMeyer)O.

10、Ktze唇形科治頭痛、腹痛、胸 悶。53虎杖Reynoutria japonica Houtt.蓼科活血定痛、止咳。54枇杷Erioblotrya japonica(Thunb.)Lindl.薔薇科清肺和胃、止咳化 痰。55虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera (L.)Meerb虎耳草科治風(fēng)熱咳嗽、急性中耳炎56牛膝Achyranthes bitentata Blume莧科散瘀血、治咽喉腫 痛、高血壓。57水杉Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng杉科止痛。58短葉羅漢松Podocarpus macrophyllus羅漢松科活血補(bǔ)血；治跌打

11、損傷、心胃氣痛59石榴Punica granatum L.石榴科止瀉、殺蟲(chóng)。60烏頭Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.毛茛科消炎止痛、解毒61商陸Phytolaeca acinosa Roxb.商陸科治胃炎、風(fēng)濕性腰痛62葛根Pueraria lobata (Willd.)Ohwi蝶形花科治感冒發(fā)燒、口渴、 急性腸胃炎。63普洱茶Camellia sinensis山茶科提神；治多眠、頭 痛目昏。64美麗金絲桃Hypericum bellum Li金絲桃科消腫，治肝炎、急 性喉炎、結(jié)膜炎。3 溫室序號(hào)中文名拉丁學(xué)名科名用途65垂花紅千層Callistemon viminalis

12、桃金娘科觀(guān)賞。66一柱香Cylindropuntia leptocaulis (Dc.) Knuth仙人掌科觀(guān)賞。67仙人指Chamaecereus silvestrii (Speg.) Br. et R.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞。68吹雪柱Cleistocactus strausii (Heese) Backbg.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞。69南天竹Nandina domestica Thunb.小蘗科觀(guān)賞。70翡翠閣Cissus quadrangularis Linn.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞。71白頭翁柱Cephalocereus仙人掌科觀(guān)賞。72蘆薈Aloe vera (Linn.) Burm. f. sinensis

13、(Haw.) Berg.百合科觀(guān)賞；藥用；美容。73千屈菜Lythrum salicaria L.千屈菜科觀(guān)賞。74一品紅Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd大戟科觀(guān)賞75重陽(yáng)木Bischofia javanica Bl.大戟科可作行道樹(shù)、園林 綠化樹(shù)種；果肉可 食用，根、葉入藥76矮生一品紅Euphorbia pulcherrima Anhette Hegg 大戟科觀(guān)賞77紫芋Colocasia tonoimo Nakai天南星科花序可食用78羅漢柏Thujopsis dolabrata (Linn.f.) Sieb et Zucc.柏科觀(guān)賞79秋海棠Begonia gra

14、ndis var . grandis秋海棠科觀(guān)賞80指葉毛蘭Eria pannea Lindl蘭科觀(guān)賞81長(zhǎng)蘇石斛Dendrobium brymerianum Richb.f.蘭科觀(guān)賞82蝴蝶蘭Phalaenopsis cv.蘭科觀(guān)賞83三葉爬山虎Parthenocissus himalayana (Royle) Planch.葡萄科觀(guān)賞84鉆柱蘭Pelatantheria insectifera(Reichb.f)蘭科觀(guān)賞85廣東萬(wàn)年青Aglaonema modestum Schott ex Engl.天南星科觀(guān)賞；全株入藥， 清熱涼血、消腫解 毒。86文殊蘭Crinum asiaticum

15、 Linn.石蒜科觀(guān)賞487茉莉花Jasminum sambac (Linn.) Aiton木樨科觀(guān)賞；花可提香精 和熏茶。88珊瑚花Cyrtanthera carnea (Lindl.) Bremek.爵床科觀(guān)賞89木棉Bombax ceiba Linn.木棉科觀(guān)賞、木材，種子 的毛可做填充物。90含羞草Mimosa pudica Linn.含羞草科全草入藥91蝦衣草Calliaspidia guttata (Brand) Bremek.爵床科觀(guān)賞92盆距蘭Gastrochilus calceolaris D. Don蘭科觀(guān)賞93君子蘭Clivia miniata Regel石蒜科觀(guān)賞94金

16、心吊蘭Chorophytum capense var. medio-pictum.百合科觀(guān)賞95銀邊吊蘭Chorophytum capense var. variega-tum.百合科觀(guān)賞96石斛Dendrobium nobile Lindl.蘭科藥用、觀(guān)賞97繡球花Hydrangea marcrophylla (Thunb.) Seringe ex DC. f. hortensia (Sieb.) Wils繡球花科觀(guān)賞; 藥用98月季Rosa chinensis Jacq.薔薇科觀(guān)賞；藥用99山合歡Albizia kalkora (roxb.) Prain含羞草科觀(guān)賞100構(gòu)樹(shù)Brousso

17、netia papyrifera LHerit. ex Vent?？朴^(guān)賞；木材101球花石楠Photinia glomerata Rehd. et Wils薔薇科觀(guān)賞102日本櫻花Prunus yedoensis Matsum.薔薇科觀(guān)賞103蠟梅Chimonanthus praecox (Linn.) Link臘梅科觀(guān)賞104白柱萬(wàn)帶蘭Vanda brunea Rchb. f.蘭科觀(guān)賞。105紫藤Wisteria sinensis (Sims.) Sweet蝶形花科觀(guān)賞；藥用106紫荊Cerais chinensis Bunge蘇木科觀(guān)賞；藥用107虎頭蘭Cymbidium hookeria

18、num Rchb.f.蘭科觀(guān)賞108長(zhǎng)葉蘭Cymbidium erythraeum Lindl仙人掌科觀(guān)賞109莎葉蘭Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall.ex Lindl仙人掌科觀(guān)賞110鉆柱蘭Pelatatheria insectifera(Rchb.f.)Ridl.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞111美人蕉Canna indica Linn.美人蕉科觀(guān)賞5112小石榴花Punica granatum var. nana ( Linn. ) pers石榴科觀(guān)賞113棕櫚Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.f.)H.Wendl棕櫚科觀(guān)賞；制作編織品114無(wú)花果Ficus

19、carica Linn.桑科觀(guān)賞115矮棕竹Rhapis humilis Blume棕櫚科觀(guān)賞116迎春花Jasminum rudiflorum Lindl.木樨科綠籬117大葉黃楊Evonymus japonicus Thunb.衛(wèi)矛科觀(guān)賞118日本丁香Syringa japonica Dcne.木樨科觀(guān)賞119野芭蕉Musa wilsonii tutch.芭蕉科觀(guān)賞120條紋龍舌蘭Agava striata Zucc.龍舌蘭科觀(guān)賞121月兔耳Kalanchoe tomentosa Bak景天科觀(guān)賞122風(fēng)車(chē)草Graptopetalum paraguayense(N.E.Br .) E.Wa

20、lther景天科觀(guān)賞123金邊龍舌蘭Agava americanavar .marginataTrel.龍舌蘭科觀(guān)賞，纖維，藥用124角景天Sedum morganianum E. Walth景天科觀(guān)賞125不夜城Aloe mitriformis Mill.百合科觀(guān)賞126虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb虎耳草科觀(guān)賞127仙人杖Nyctocereus serpentinus (Lag. et Rodr .) Br . et R.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞128光棍樹(shù)Euphorbia oncoclada Drake大戟科觀(guān)賞129大花令箭Epiphyllum hybridum c

21、v. Hermosus仙人掌科觀(guān)賞130量天尺Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Br. etR.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞131銀手球Mammillaria gracilis Pfeiff.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞132白龍球Mammillaria compressa Dc仙人掌科觀(guān)賞133仙人柱Cereus jamacaru DC.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞134神代柱Cereus variabilis仙人掌科觀(guān)賞135白云錦Oreocereus trollii (Kupp.) Backbg.仙人掌科觀(guān)賞 單子葉植物區(qū)序號(hào)中文名拉丁學(xué)名科名用途136龍棕Trachycarpus nana Becc.棕櫚科作盆景和

22、庭園綠化 植物。137麥冬Ophiopogon japonicus(Linn.f.)ker-Gawl.in Curtiss百合科園林觀(guān)賞138玉簪Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers百合科庭園觀(guān)賞；全草及 根莖可入藥139垂柳Salix babylonica L楊柳科園林觀(guān)賞，木材， 小枝供編織用140攀枝花蘇鐵Cycas panzhihuaensis L.Zhou etS.Y.Yang蘇鐵科觀(guān)賞，可供食用，種子、葉等藥用141獼猴桃Actinidia chinensis Planch.獼猴桃科觀(guān)賞，果實(shí)可食用， 根、藤、葉均藥用142常春藤Hedera helix

23、 L.五加科園林觀(guān)賞，常作為 垂直綠化材料143花葉金錢(qián)蒲Acorus gramineus Soland天南星科供觀(guān)賞144溪蓀Iris sanguinea Donn ex Horn.鳶尾科觀(guān)賞145慈竹Sinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Mc Clure禾本科供庭院觀(guān)賞，編制， 造紙的優(yōu)良原料。146吊蘭Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) Baker百合科園林觀(guān)賞；全草可 入藥。147扁竹蘭Iris confusa Sealy鳶尾科庭園觀(guān)賞，根狀莖 藥用。148蘇鐵Cycas revoluta Thunb.蘇鐵科消化不、慢性肝炎、 頭痛。 裸子植

24、物區(qū)序號(hào)中文名拉丁學(xué)名科名用途149銀杏Ginkgo biloba Linn.銀杏科觀(guān)賞；藥用150長(zhǎng)葉松Pinus palustris Mill.松科觀(guān)賞；木材151金錢(qián)松Pseudolarix kaempferi (Lindl.) Gord.松科觀(guān)賞；木材。152云南蘇鐵Cycas siamensis Miq.蘇鐵科觀(guān)賞植物153油杉Keteleeria fortunei (Murr.) Carr .松科觀(guān)賞；木材154日本冷杉Abies firma Sieb. Et Zucc松科觀(guān)賞；木材155銀杉Cathaya argyrophylla Chun. et Kuang松科國(guó)家級(jí)保護(hù)植物1

25、56鋪地柏Savina procumbens (Endl.) Iwata et Kusaka柏科觀(guān)賞157羅漢柏Thujopsis dolabrata (Linn. f.) Sieb.et Zucc.柏科觀(guān)賞7158翠柏Sabina squamata cv. MeyeriDallimore and Jackson柏科觀(guān)賞；木材159狹葉羅漢松Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) D.Don Var . angustifolius Blume羅漢松科觀(guān)賞160雪松Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don松科觀(guān)賞161君遷子Diospyros lotu

26、s linn.柿樹(shù)科果可生食、釀酒、 制醋、制維生素丙。162側(cè)柏Platycladus orientalis (Linn.)Franco柏科觀(guān)賞；木材 其它地方序號(hào)中文名拉丁學(xué)名科名用途163枸骨Ilex cornuta Lindl.ex Paxt冬青科觀(guān)賞；藥用164山茶Camellia japonica L.山茶科觀(guān)賞，作化妝品原料165紫花地丁Viola labridorica堇菜科觀(guān)賞，地被植物166紅楓Acer palmatum Thunb. f atropurpureum (Van Houtte) Host槭樹(shù)科觀(guān)賞167馬蹄蓮Zantedeschia aethiopica (L

27、inn.) Spreng.天南星科觀(guān)賞168馬桑Coriaria nepalensis Wall.馬?？瓶芍凭凭?，制油漆； 有毒。169白玉蘭Magnolia denudata Desr木蘭科觀(guān)賞170楓楊Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC胡桃科觀(guān)賞171構(gòu)樹(shù)Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L Herit. ex Vent.?？圃旒垼圃?，藥用172鵝掌楸Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sargent木蘭科觀(guān)賞、木材173八角Illicium verum Hook.f.八角茴香科觀(guān)賞、香料174含笑Michelia figo (Lour .) Spreng.木蘭科觀(guān)賞175桑Morus alba Linn.?？朴^(guān)賞176無(wú)花果Ficus carica Linn?？朴^(guān)賞177天門(mén)冬Asparagus cochin-chinensis (Lour .) Merr .假葉樹(shù)科觀(guān)賞178扁竹蘭Iris confusa sealy鳶尾科觀(guān)賞179映山紅Rhododendron sim