高一必修三語法PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會計學(xué)1高一必修三語法高一必修三語法第1頁/共33頁Rewrite the following sentences with noun clauses as the subject. 1. His discovery has not yet been proved. 2. Do the other astronomers accept his ideas? It remains a question.What has not yet been proved is his discovery. Whether the other astronomers accepts his ideas rem

2、ains a question.第2頁/共33頁3. The first appearance of life on earth is still a mystery to scientists. 4. Why is the earth becoming warmer? It is an important topic for research.How life first appeared on earth is still a mystery to scientists.Why the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic for r

3、esearch.第3頁/共33頁5. Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight. It amazed everybody.6. Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system. What a surprise!It amazed everybody that Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight.It is a surprise that Pluto is

4、 no longer considered a planet in our solar system.第4頁/共33頁主語從句在復(fù)合句中作句子的主語。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞that, whether, if；連接代詞who, whoever, whom, what, whatever, whose, which；連接副詞when, where, how, why等。第5頁/共33頁【例句呈現(xiàn)】 觀察下列例句，指出其中所包含的主語從句及引導(dǎo)詞:1. What is needed for a long trip is careful preparation.該句中主語從句是 _，引導(dǎo)詞為 _。

5、What is needed for a whatlong trip第6頁/共33頁2. That Jay Zhou will come to my city excites everybody.該句中主語從句是 _ _，引導(dǎo)詞為_。3. Whether we will travel abroad or not has not been decided.該句中主語從句是 _ _，引導(dǎo)詞為_。That Jay Zhou willWhether we willcome to my city thattravel abroad or notwhether第7頁/共33頁4. Whoever know

6、s the secret mustnt tell others.該句中主語從句是_ _，引導(dǎo)詞為_。5. It remains a puzzle why dinosaurs died out suddenly long time ago.該句中主語從句是_，引導(dǎo)詞為_。Whoever knows the whoeverwhy dinosaurs diedwhysecretout suddenly long time ago第8頁/共33頁【觀察總結(jié)】 通過分析上面例句，同學(xué)們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)上面第5句中的主語從句似乎比較隱蔽。其實，這也是主語從句的一種呈現(xiàn)方式，即：當(dāng)一個句子主語過長時，可以用it作

7、形式主語，而把真正的主語或主語從句后移至句子末尾，以保持句子的平衡。注意觀察下列例句中的劃線部分：第9頁/共33頁It is not clear how the accident happened.It is not hard to understand why he did so at that time.It is a pity that you should have made such a careless mistake.It is reported that more than thirty deaths were caused in the accident.第10頁/共33頁不

8、難看出，雖然上面例句中都用it作形式主語，但句子結(jié)構(gòu)卻不盡相同?，F(xiàn)將常見的由it作形式主語的句型總結(jié)如下：1. It is + n. + that從句2. It is + adj. + that從句，常見此類形容詞有：important, necessary, clear, certain, natural, strange, obvious, likely, impossible, possible等。第11頁/共33頁3. It+特殊動詞+that 從句It seems / appears . that . 似乎It happened (to sb.) that . （某人）碰巧4. It

9、 + be + 過去分詞 + 主語從句It is said / reported / believed / suggested / known / proved that .第12頁/共33頁【要點精講】1. what與that引導(dǎo)主語從句觀察下列例句，試著翻譯例句并總結(jié)其規(guī)律。(1) What you lack is self-confidence. 譯為：_你所缺乏的是自信。第13頁/共33頁(2) That more and more students are admitted into universities is true.譯為：_ _(3) What is needed for

10、the program is more wisdom. 譯為：_這個項目所需要的是更多的智慧。越來越多的學(xué)生將被大學(xué)錄取的消息是真實的。第14頁/共33頁從上面例句可以看出，that引導(dǎo)主語從句時，在句中具有“兩不”原則：一、不作句子成分；二、沒有實際意義。當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的主語從句置于句首時，that不能省略；如果用it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時， that可以省略。第15頁/共33頁而what引導(dǎo)的從句則恰恰相反，what在從句中的作用為：一、作句子成分；二、除了起到引導(dǎo)從句的作用外還 要承擔(dān)具體的意義。第16頁/共33頁【鞏固練習(xí)】 用what或that填空。(1) _ he told

11、us this morning was just a lie.(2) _ is important to us is enough time.(3) It worries my mom _ she is beginning to get a little fat.(4) _ we cant get seems better than _ we have.WhatWhatthatWhatwhat第17頁/共33頁2. whether與if引導(dǎo)主語從句 如果主語從句置于句首，不能用if引導(dǎo)，此時，需用whether。但如果用it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也可以用if引導(dǎo)。第18頁/共33

12、頁【鞏固練習(xí)】 用whether或if填空。(1) It doesnt matter _ he will come or not.(2) _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(3) It was doubtful _ Tom really saw Sharon.(4) _ Tom really saw Sharon was doubtful.whether / ifWhetherwhether / ifWhether第19頁/共33頁3. 其它引導(dǎo)詞 連接代詞who, which, whom, whose有各自的具體意義，起連接作

13、用，同時在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語等；whoever, whatever, whichever在意義上更為強(qiáng)調(diào)，常譯為“無論”；連接副詞when, where, why, how等也有各自的意義，起連接作用，并在從句中作狀語。第20頁/共33頁【常見錯誤展示】 下列各句均有一處錯誤，請改正并分析錯誤的原因。1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.Thatthat雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時不能省略。第21頁/共33頁if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句

14、之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。2. If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.Whether第22頁/共33頁3. That the professor said is of great importance.4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.Whatthat引導(dǎo)主語從句時無詞義。What the professor said表示“教授所說的”。將will置于trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。第23頁/共33頁5. No matter who breaks the ru

15、le will be punished.6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時只能用whoever。Whoever 主語從句表示單一概念時，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。remains第24頁/共33頁7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8. It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.has要改為have。主

16、語從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時，謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。have在“It is requested / ordered / suggested + that從句”中，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“should + 動詞原形”，should可省略。(should) make第25頁/共33頁從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (重慶2011)A. whether B. when C. whic

17、h D. where 第26頁/共33頁2. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. (江西2011)A. this B. that C. what D. which第27頁/共33頁3. _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. (北京2010)A. Whether B. What C. That D. How第28頁/共33頁4. It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. (陜西2010)A.