專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)各類(lèi)型高分寫(xiě)作技巧

1、各類(lèi)型大作文寫(xiě)作技巧 第二章大作文寫(xiě)作各類(lèi)型大作文寫(xiě)作技巧一、 命題作文命題作文又叫提綱式作文，是1996年考研及以前使用的模式，現(xiàn)在再考的可能性已非常小了，但是它是各種寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)。這類(lèi)作文主要可分為觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)與辦法類(lèi)。1觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)寫(xiě)作包括三個(gè)重要的方面：內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)與語(yǔ)言。相對(duì)說(shuō)來(lái)，考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作對(duì)內(nèi)容要求并不是很高-只要圍繞主題闡述，不跑題，對(duì)問(wèn)題談得是否深與透，并不是特別關(guān)注，而提綱式作文就更是如此。語(yǔ)言體現(xiàn)在詞、句、段、篇各個(gè)方面，重在積累。我們要幫助大家快速提高的是結(jié)構(gòu)方面。概括說(shuō)來(lái)，觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)分為三種情形：第一種是議論，即對(duì)現(xiàn)存觀點(diǎn)（通常是兩種）做一選擇；另一種是立論，即直接提出一種觀點(diǎn)，然后來(lái)論

2、證它；第三種是駁論，即對(duì)現(xiàn)有觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行批駁，這種文章出現(xiàn)的幾率不大。第一種文章所占的比例最高，現(xiàn)存的觀點(diǎn)一般說(shuō)來(lái)是兩種對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)，通常我們會(huì)斬釘截鐵地選擇其中的一種觀點(diǎn)，有些時(shí)候也可以將兩者巧妙地結(jié)合起來(lái)。這種文章通常有三種構(gòu)成方法，最常見(jiàn)的情況是在第一段敘述第一種人的觀點(diǎn)，第二段敘述第二種人的觀點(diǎn)，第三段做出自己的選擇并下結(jié)論。還有兩種情況很類(lèi)似，都是在第一段簡(jiǎn)要敘述兩種人的觀點(diǎn)，在第二段將兩種人的觀點(diǎn)展開(kāi)，再在第三段給出自己的觀點(diǎn)；也可以直接在第二段就給出自己的觀點(diǎn)并加以論證。這兩種情況的區(qū)別在于現(xiàn)有的兩種觀點(diǎn)與自己的觀點(diǎn)所占的篇幅長(zhǎng)短不同。這里我們對(duì)幾個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題再說(shuō)明一下。首先是主題句的

3、問(wèn)題，如在敘述兩種人觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，通常在段落中應(yīng)該有這樣的句子，例如：* Different people have different views on opportunity.* Peoples opinions are always different once they talk about family tutoring.其次是段落間銜接的問(wèn)題，也就是要有過(guò)渡句。大家細(xì)細(xì)地研究一下范文，就能發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)時(shí)候過(guò)渡句是在后一段的段首，但也有在前一段段末的情況。比如說(shuō)，如果第一段原來(lái)只有一句話，那么原本多放在第二段段首的句子可能被提至第一段的第二句話。至于論據(jù)到底應(yīng)分幾點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)，一般分三點(diǎn)。但也有變

4、化的時(shí)候，比如是先說(shuō)兩點(diǎn)，然后舉個(gè)例子-這樣也很有可能取得很好的效果。但是要注意，舉例子一定要注意兩點(diǎn)，即典型、精練。觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)的第二種情況是立論，在很多時(shí)候是對(duì)事物本質(zhì)的論述。此事物可以是一項(xiàng)制度、一種現(xiàn)象甚至是一種觀點(diǎn)。通常分三段寫(xiě)作，首段先對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象或觀點(diǎn)作一介紹，第二段表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，第三段下結(jié)論。這里最重要的問(wèn)題之一就是第一段和第三段的寫(xiě)法，這兩段極有可能都是兩句話：第一句是段落的主題句，第二句表示遞進(jìn)、解釋或者例證，當(dāng)然絕大多數(shù)情況下是遞進(jìn)-可以是時(shí)間上的自然接續(xù)，也可以是邏輯上的順接關(guān)系，在實(shí)際寫(xiě)作中后一種情況占多數(shù)。觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)的第三種情況是駁論，比較少見(jiàn)。這類(lèi)文章大多分為三段，第一段說(shuō)

5、明一種現(xiàn)象、一種做法或者一種觀點(diǎn)，第二段進(jìn)行批駁，第三段下結(jié)論。這里有兩個(gè)重要問(wèn)題，一是批駁句出現(xiàn)的位置，二是批駁句的性質(zhì)問(wèn)題。批駁句絕大多數(shù)情況下出現(xiàn)在第二段的首句，但也有出現(xiàn)在第一段末句的情形。批駁句有第一人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)的主觀批駁，如I cannot agree with the above opinion；還有非人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)句，即客觀批駁，如It is not the real case。2辦法類(lèi)辦法類(lèi)文章的題目通常是以How to開(kāi)頭的，這一類(lèi)的文章數(shù)量相當(dāng)多。辦法類(lèi)文章分為三類(lèi)：第一類(lèi)是社會(huì)生活中的重大問(wèn)題；第二類(lèi)是令人擔(dān)憂的社會(huì)問(wèn)題；第三類(lèi)是與大學(xué)生活緊密相連的問(wèn)題。這類(lèi)文章通常都有提出問(wèn)

6、題-列舉具體的解決辦法-總結(jié)的寫(xiě)法。辦法類(lèi)文章可以寫(xiě)得極其工整，即第一、二、三段均分三個(gè)方面來(lái)說(shuō)，達(dá)到相互呼應(yīng)的情形，比如說(shuō)第一類(lèi)和第二類(lèi)可分政府、科研工作者與大眾來(lái)說(shuō)。當(dāng)然有的時(shí)候文章也可以只說(shuō)兩種人-即政府和大眾，文章就更清晰了，但此時(shí)要避免單調(diào)或篇幅太短。第三類(lèi)可以從學(xué)校、老師與學(xué)生三個(gè)方面來(lái)說(shuō)。辦法類(lèi)文章的變化極多，首先末段的寫(xiě)法極其靈活：可以是一句話戛然而止，但這種情況并不建議大家多用；個(gè)別情況下還可以沒(méi)有作為結(jié)論段的第三段，這時(shí)的結(jié)束句必然只有一句話，放在第二段末尾。這個(gè)句子一定是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)且復(fù)雜有力量的句子，并與上述若干點(diǎn)結(jié)合緊密。末段大多數(shù)時(shí)候包含兩個(gè)句子，規(guī)律性很強(qiáng)。首句多說(shuō)問(wèn)題

7、嚴(yán)重或重要，后句則總結(jié)必須采用上述的方法才能達(dá)到目的-這個(gè)句子可以是個(gè)倒裝句、否定句、雙重否定句甚至反問(wèn)句。總之，這時(shí)我們是想通過(guò)調(diào)整句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)達(dá)到加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的目的。在辦法類(lèi)中還可能出現(xiàn)個(gè)性化段落或混合模板這些復(fù)雜的情形。個(gè)性化段落就是提綱中要求在先說(shuō)了多種辦法（通常是三種）后再說(shuō)到個(gè)人（即我）的寫(xiě)法。這里一個(gè)值得關(guān)注的問(wèn)題就是，我們?cè)谡f(shuō)到自己時(shí)是選擇上述辦法之一，還是將兩種辦法融合。比較可行的做法是選擇其中的一種辦法。其后的問(wèn)題就是，在說(shuō)明理由時(shí)，這段是否會(huì)與前面重復(fù)呢？實(shí)際上這里只要注意將自己的獨(dú)特之處寫(xiě)出來(lái)就行了?；旌项?lèi)模板既包括辦法類(lèi)模塊又包括原因或后果模塊，我們一定要看清提綱，嚴(yán)格按照

8、它來(lái)寫(xiě)。在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，我們應(yīng)先熟悉單一模板的寫(xiě)法，再在融合時(shí)多思考，多練習(xí)，這樣就一定能提高了。二、 圖表作文圖表作文在考研中總共只出現(xiàn)過(guò)兩次，分別是1997年與1999年，它是一種介于命題作文和圖畫(huà)作文之間的寫(xiě)作形式，再考的可能性不大，但是卻對(duì)圖畫(huà)式作文的學(xué)習(xí)非常有益。圖表作文至少包含描述圖表與解釋原因兩個(gè)部分，而當(dāng)前的圖表作文大多還有第三個(gè)段落。圖表作文的規(guī)律性很強(qiáng)，不像圖畫(huà)式作文那樣富于變化。1首段的寫(xiě)作圖表作文有表格（table）、柱形圖（bar chart）、餅狀圖（pie chart）和折線圖（diagram）之分，后三種都是屬于圖表的范疇（chart）。不管是chart還是tab

9、le，都需要進(jìn)行描述，一般放在文章的第一部分，長(zhǎng)度宜適中。描述數(shù)據(jù)我們要首先看看是幾個(gè)變量（A），每個(gè)變量有幾個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)（B），不妨以A*B表示。如果只有一個(gè)變量，有三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，可以描述如下：From the chart we can see clearly that the average number of hours a student spends on Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1998 to nearly four hours in 2000, and then to 20 hours in 2

10、004. 如果是最常見(jiàn)的是2*3的情形，可以描述如下：From the chart, we can see clearly that in a big city in China, stateowned houses declined from 75% in 1990 to 60% in 1995 and then to 20% in 2000, while private houses rose from 25% to 40% and then to 80% during the same period. 這里用了while引起從句來(lái)突顯對(duì)比，是一種非常好的辦法，如果用兩句話來(lái)描述，也完全可

11、以。如果是1*n（n3）的情形，將頭與尾描述出來(lái)即可，比較好的方法就是在句中描述最后一個(gè)與第一個(gè)相比變化了多少。碰到多變量、每個(gè)變量多數(shù)據(jù)的情形，大家應(yīng)首先進(jìn)行分類(lèi)，分成上升、下降兩類(lèi)，或者上升、下降、不變?nèi)?lèi)，這樣問(wèn)題就迎刃而解了。2 第二段的寫(xiě)作第二段是解釋原因的段落。我們談?wù)剝蓚€(gè)問(wèn)題。首先是過(guò)渡句這個(gè)問(wèn)題。這里不大可能放在第一段，因?yàn)榈谝欢尾豢赡芟笥械拿}作文那樣簡(jiǎn)潔（如只有一句）-例如提綱式作文中的批駁類(lèi)文章中除二段首句批駁之外還有首段末句批駁，效果很強(qiáng)烈。其次就是此段的主題句(topic sentence)的問(wèn)題。此句或主觀或客觀并無(wú)拘束，只要上下文風(fēng)格統(tǒng)一即可。主觀：We beli

12、eve that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.I believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.In my mind, the reasons why the overseas students are on the rise are as follows.主觀之變體（使用插入語(yǔ)，突顯主語(yǔ)）：Three reasons, we believe, can account for this phenomenon.Three reasons, I believe,

13、can account for this phenomenon.Three reasons, I firmly believe, can account for this phenomenon.注意:插入語(yǔ)的使用屬于看似平淡卻極富功力的技巧，可以達(dá)到很好的效果。主觀之變體（使用插入語(yǔ)）：Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this phenomenon.客觀：Several reasons can account for this phenomenon.在主題句之后，可以使用連接詞分兩個(gè)、三個(gè)或四個(gè)方面來(lái)寫(xiě)，其中分三個(gè)方面來(lái)寫(xiě)最為常見(jiàn)。這里就與

14、普通的說(shuō)明文與議論文一樣了-可以由最重要的到最不重要的，也可以由最不重要的到最重要的，也可能平行分布，依具體情況而定，不一而足。3 第三段的寫(xiě)作第三段直接寫(xiě)結(jié)論的情況已基本沒(méi)有了。如果這篇文章講的是一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題，那么這一段寫(xiě)解決辦法的可能性最大。如果這篇文章講的是一個(gè)好的變化，那么這一段很可能是兩種情況-可能寫(xiě)負(fù)面的影響或存在的問(wèn)題，或者寫(xiě)未來(lái)趨勢(shì)或發(fā)展方向。咱們看看很象利弊類(lèi)的情況，如一篇文章的第三段：上述情況均是依提綱而定，提綱中如果沒(méi)有第三點(diǎn)，那么一般說(shuō)來(lái)，若是問(wèn)題則寫(xiě)辦法，若是好事則寫(xiě)展望，根據(jù)具體情況而定。三、 圖畫(huà)作文圖畫(huà)作文在最近八年中考了七次，可謂占據(jù)了大作文的統(tǒng)治地位。

15、圖畫(huà)作文可分為圖片、漫畫(huà)與照片等多種。圖畫(huà)作文總體上比圖表作文的結(jié)構(gòu)變化更多，更為靈活，因此難度也更大。1描述圖畫(huà)圖畫(huà)作文對(duì)圖畫(huà)的描述應(yīng)在第一段進(jìn)行，且最好在首句即開(kāi)始。此類(lèi)作文大部分是一幅圖，也會(huì)有兩幅圖出現(xiàn)的情況。如果出現(xiàn)兩幅圖，則很有可能是突顯對(duì)比的情況。圖畫(huà)上可能沒(méi)有任何文字，也可能在上面出現(xiàn)了一句話，也可以單個(gè)人物說(shuō)話或兩個(gè)人物對(duì)話，也可能在圖畫(huà)外寫(xiě)了總結(jié)性的一句話。大家注意，這一句話或兩句話一般是非常重要的，應(yīng)予譯出。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，對(duì)圖畫(huà)的描寫(xiě)不必過(guò)長(zhǎng)，應(yīng)以簡(jiǎn)練、準(zhǔn)確為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2圖畫(huà)類(lèi)作文結(jié)構(gòu)分析從七年的圖畫(huà)作文提綱來(lái)看，可以看出，出題越來(lái)越合理，越來(lái)越符合規(guī)律，我們來(lái)看一下。年份提綱分

16、析19981. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments.首段描述圖畫(huà)。第二段和第三段分別寫(xiě)原因和危害。20001. Describe the pictures. 2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.3. Suggest your countermeasures.首段描述圖畫(huà)。第二段推測(cè)繪畫(huà)者意圖。第三段提出解決辦法。20011. Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of

17、 the picture below,2. Give a specific example, and 3. Give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.首段描述圖畫(huà)、指出圖畫(huà)的象征意義。第二段舉例說(shuō)明主題。第三段指出獻(xiàn)愛(ài)心的最好辦法，深化主題。20021. Describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2. Give your comment on the phenomenon.第一段描述圖畫(huà)。第二段解釋含義。第三段對(duì)此現(xiàn)象做出評(píng)論。20031. Describe the s

18、et of drawings, interpret its meaning, and2. Point out its implications in our life.第一段描述圖畫(huà)。第二段類(lèi)比于生活中孩子的教育問(wèn)題，并分析此現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因。第三段做結(jié)。20041) Describe the drawing2) Interpret its meaning, and3) Support your view with examples.第一段是描述圖畫(huà)。第二段是類(lèi)比于人類(lèi)一條永恒的真理。第三段是舉例說(shuō)明。20051) Describe the drawing, 2) Interpret its m

19、eaning, and3) Give your comment on it.第一段是描述圖畫(huà)。第二段是類(lèi)比于孩子不孝敬老人的現(xiàn)象。第三段發(fā)表評(píng)論。我們想象中的最典型最理想的圖畫(huà)題提綱應(yīng)該是下面這樣：1 描述圖畫(huà)2 推導(dǎo)繪畫(huà)者的意圖3 做出評(píng)論對(duì)于這一提綱我們來(lái)做具體分析，其中第三點(diǎn)更要細(xì)致研究。首先由圖畫(huà)引出一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或社會(huì)問(wèn)題，可以是好的，也可以是不好的。在推導(dǎo)繪畫(huà)者的意圖時(shí)多是展開(kāi)說(shuō)此現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題的表現(xiàn)，以證明其引人注目。還有一種可能性是說(shuō)此現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因，提綱可直接列出，或還用上述提綱。這時(shí)可把簡(jiǎn)單意圖推導(dǎo)直接放到第一段描述圖畫(huà)之后，而在第二段中說(shuō)原因。第三段做出評(píng)論，有可能只是簡(jiǎn)

20、單評(píng)論、深化主題就結(jié)束，但這種可能性越來(lái)越小了。這一部分很可能說(shuō)的是辦法，不好的事情就是如何解決的辦法，好的事情就是如何進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的方法。通過(guò)上述列表，我們可以看出，多年以來(lái)，真實(shí)的提綱是怎樣一步步地向我們想象中的理想模式靠近的。對(duì)于提綱里面出現(xiàn)的變化和規(guī)律，我們來(lái)分析一下。我們仔細(xì)分析，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)歷年考研真題基本上都呈現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題-原因解釋-解決辦法這樣的模式，但變化非常多。因?yàn)槲覀冋務(wù)摰募瓤梢允且患档煤霌P(yáng)的好事，也可能是一個(gè)令人憂心忡忡的社會(huì)問(wèn)題；針對(duì)后者我們極有可能需要提出做法；而對(duì)于前者，可能解釋一下就結(jié)束了，也可能要寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)的做法。綜上所述，可以看出，比起圖表作文來(lái)，圖畫(huà)作文要更靈活，

21、更富于變化。我們一定要多練習(xí)，以達(dá)到一看到圖畫(huà)（含圖中和圖邊文字）和提綱（有時(shí)有文章標(biāo)題）就能有效地審題解題，構(gòu)造出合理的具體段落的目的。這里面還有個(gè)問(wèn)題，就是舉例子，近年來(lái)已明確出現(xiàn)了兩次，這一點(diǎn)大家一定要多練習(xí)。 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：備忘錄 備忘錄1結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn):備忘錄是單位內(nèi)部傳遞信息的文件，包括抬頭和正文，其中抬頭包含四個(gè)部分：TO: 收閱者FROM: 撰寫(xiě)者SUBJECT: 主題DATE: 日期Directions 27Suppose you are the secretary of the Personnel Department of a company and are organizing

22、 a farewell party for a colleague who is going to retire. Write a memo in about 100 words to inform your colleagues of the meeting. Do not use your own name, using Li Ming instead.Sample:TO: All employees of the Personnel DepartmentFROM: Li Ming, secretary of the Personnel DepartmentSUBJECT: Farewel

23、l Party for Liu GangDATE: Dec. 27, 2005Our colleague Liu Gang is going to retire next month. His retiring is really a pity to us all as he is such an amiable man who is always ready to help others, such an honest man who has won trust and respect from around him, and such a humorous man who can ofte

24、n add pleasure to our work. We have decided to hold a farewell party for him.We are going to use the assembly room of our department for the party. I have organized several programs for entertainment, but they are not enough. So if anyone is willing to give performances, please let me know as soon a

25、s possible. Besides, our general manager and manager will be present, too.All the colleagues of the Personnel Department are invited to attend the party which is scheduled on November 4, next Friday and will begin at 7 oclock in the evening. By the way, all suggestions on the party are welcome.備忘錄2語(yǔ)

26、言注意點(diǎn):備忘錄的主要目的是有效、快速地傳達(dá)信息，應(yīng)語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練、層次清楚，易于理解。如有并列信息，可借助項(xiàng)目符號(hào)或編號(hào)等，使人一目了然。不宜使用華麗的辭藻或復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)炫耀自己的寫(xiě)作才能。Directions 28Write a memo in about 100 words on behalf of the Student Union to call on students to join in the volunteer activities in Xinhua Community.Sample:TO: All students of Shanghai UniversityFROM: Stu

27、dent UnionSUBJECT: Volunteer activities in Xinhua CommunityDATE: Sep. 13, 2005At the beginning of the new term, we plan to organize a series of volunteer activities in Xinhua Community, which is about 200 meters from our university.The activities are scheduled on September 18, this Sunday and includ

28、e doing housework for the disabled or old people who live by themselves, teaching English to children, and publicizing knowledge about healthy diet and about preventing common diseases.We believe it is a good opportunity to show our love and know more about the society. 100 volunteers are needed. If

29、 you are willing and have time to take part in the activities, please come to the office of the Student Union on the third floor of the Administrative Building, where we would ask you to sign your name in a table and tell us what activity you are particularly interested in. 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：便箋一 便 箋 1 結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn):便箋也叫

30、做便條，是一種簡(jiǎn)便的信函，形式簡(jiǎn)單，可用于詢問(wèn)、道歉、請(qǐng)假、約會(huì)、留言、歸還東西等很多事由。Directions 23Suppose you and two of your friends have decided to go on a selftour to Hangzhou and you want to invite another friend Cathy to join you. Write a note in about 100 words to her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li M

31、ing instead.Sample:Dear Cathy,We have planned a selftour to Hangzhou next Saturday. I wonder if you would like to join us, Sherry, Alice and me. You know, spring is the season when the scenery around West Lake is the most beautiful and it is very convenient for us to go there for it takes only two h

32、ours and a half by train or by coach. We are going by the 820 train of Saturday morning and returning on Sunday evening. If you agree to go with us, we plan to book two rooms in the Youth Hostel which cost only 50 yuan a night and from which its only 20 minutes walk to West Lake.Im sure we will have

33、 a very good time and find the tour rewarding.Yours,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：便箋二 便 箋 2語(yǔ)言注意點(diǎn):便箋語(yǔ)言較簡(jiǎn)單和口語(yǔ)化，但應(yīng)注意，說(shuō)明事由時(shí)要簡(jiǎn)潔、清楚，不需過(guò)多的套話。Directions 24Suppose your mother has come to see you and tonight you will sleep in the room she has booked in a hotel near your university. Write a note in about 100 words to inform

34、your roommate Linda of that. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.Sample:Dear Linda,I am afraid that I wont be in our dormitory tonight because my mother has come here to see me and I plan to sleep in the room she has booked in a nearby hotel. I had wanted to te

35、ll you that in person but you are not back yet. So I have to leave this note for you. My mother has brought me several bags of beef jerky that are a special product of my hometown. Ive left two of them on your desk. Help yourself and I hope youll enjoy them. Besides I have asked our teacher for a da

36、ys leave. So I wont be present in tomorrows class. Would you do me a favor by handing in my history assignment to the teacher? It is on your desk beneath the beef jerky. Thanks.Take care of yourself.Yours,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：感謝信一 感謝信1 結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn):感謝信是就某事向收信人表示感謝的信件，分為三個(gè)部分：1 指出對(duì)方幫助自己的事情，表示感謝；2 展開(kāi)敘述這件事；3 再次感謝，并可表示

37、希望回報(bào)對(duì)方。Directions 7 Suppose you were taken good care of by Doctor Liu when you were in hospital. Write a letter in about 100 words to him to show your gratitude. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.Sample:Dear Doctor Liu,It is a great pleasure to extend my sinc

38、ere thanks to you for your careful treatment and attendance when I was in hospital this March. On that night, I got acute appendicitis and was sent to your hospital by my roommates. Yet I was very lucky to have you, an experienced and skillful doctor, on duty. You immediately diagnosed my disease, h

39、ospitalized me and arranged a timely operation for me. In the following days you took good care of me and talked to me from time to time to release my pain. It was all because of your attendance and perfect professional skills that I could recover so soon. Therefore, thank you again and I wish I wou

40、ld have the chance to pay you back for all your kindness.Yours faithfully,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：感謝信二 感謝信2語(yǔ)言注意點(diǎn):感謝信應(yīng)充分表達(dá)自己的謝意，切不可給對(duì)方草率的印象?？山柚剬?duì)方的幫助來(lái)進(jìn)一步表達(dá)感激之情。言辭應(yīng)真摯、得體。Directions 8 Suppose your friend lent you a book and gave you some suggestions when you made preparations for CET6. Write a letter in about 10

41、0 words to show your gratitude. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.Sample:Dear Sherry,My thanks to you for your help with my preparations for the CET6 are beyond words.Originally I only wanted to ask you for some advice on the coming test, as you were so good

42、at English. But to my surprise, you gave more help to me than I had ever expected. You not only wrote down ten suggestions for me but also showed me how I could arrange my time and what I should do in each month before the test. Besides, you lent me the book I needed very much when you learned that

43、I had not yet got it. It was really kind and considerate of you.Your unreserved help enabled me to make efficient preparations and at last encouraged me to pass the test. So I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude again.Yours faithfully,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：簡(jiǎn)歷 簡(jiǎn) 歷 1結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn):簡(jiǎn)歷是個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的書(shū)面表達(dá)形式，應(yīng)包含個(gè)人信息、教育背景和工作

44、經(jīng)歷。有時(shí)還可包含事業(yè)目標(biāo)（objective或career objective）、其他經(jīng)歷（activities）、獲獎(jiǎng)情況（awards）和特長(zhǎng)（special skills）等。Directions 29Suppose you are going to graduate from the university. Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a job. Do not use your own name, using Li Mei instead. Sample:RESUMEPersonal Data:Name:Li Mei

45、Sex:FemaleAddress: Room 602, Dormitory Building 12,Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei, Date of Birth:June 16, 1983Place of Birth:Zunyi, GuizhouTelephone:(027) , Email:angellimeiHobbies:painting, reading, Internet surfing, dancingForeign Languages:EnglishObjective: To work as a regional sales representati

46、ve who is responsible for sales activity and coordinationEducation:2002 Present Studying at Wuhan University Bachelor of Arts in finance1999 2002 Studying at Zunyi No. 1 High School1996 1999 Studying at Zunyi No. 7 Junior High SchoolWork Experience: NoneSpecial Skills and Technical Qualifications:I

47、am professionally trained in finance and economics. In addition to Mandarin, I can speak, write and read English fluently. I had two parttime jobs in Taiping Company and Zhida company, which helped me gain some sales operation knowledge and sales planning experience簡(jiǎn) 歷 2語(yǔ)言注意點(diǎn):簡(jiǎn)歷忌過(guò)長(zhǎng)或用詞空泛，提供的信息應(yīng)有用、如實(shí)，

48、編排須整齊有系統(tǒng)。Directions 30Suppose you are Tan Wen, English teacher at Taiyuan Institute of Technology. Write a resume in about 100 words to apply for a new job in another city. Sample:Tan WenTaiyuan Institute of TechnologyTaiyuan, Shanxi ProvinceTelephone: (0351) Experience2000 PresentWorking as a lectu

49、rer of English at Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyTeaching undergraduate (nonEnglish majors) intensive reading, extensive reading, listening, writingTeaching graduate (nonEnglish majors) writingEducation1997 2000 Studying at Shanghai Teachers University Master of Arts in American Studies1993 1997 Stu

50、dying at Shanxi University Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Literature1990 1993 Studying at Mianyang Senior High School1987 1990 Studying at Mianyang No. 5 Junior High SchoolPersonal DataSex: FemaleDate of Birth: June 27, 1976Place of Birth: Mianyang, Sichuan, ChinaMarital Status: Married, w

51、ithout ChildHealth: Excellent 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：建議信二 建議信2 語(yǔ)言注意點(diǎn):這類(lèi)信可寫(xiě)給認(rèn)識(shí)的人，也可寫(xiě)給不認(rèn)識(shí)的人。內(nèi)容與模式都比較靈活。但總地來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)言辭懇切，理由充分。directions4 Suppose one of your friends is going to take the CET6 and asks you for suggestions on how to make preparation. Write a letter in about 100 words to him/her. Do not sign your own name at t

52、he end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.Sample:Dear Helen,What a surprise it is that you are going to take this Junes CET6 since you are only a freshman in Fudan University! Anyway, your courage and efforts are worth praise.To get fully prepared for the test, I think, you need to first enlarge

53、your vocabulary, which is the basis of all parts. Second, you need more exercises, especially exercises of reading comprehension, in order to improve your test skills. Then you should practise writing constantly. You can email your compositions to me and I will correct them for you in time. In a wor

54、d, every effort is rewarding. I am looking forward to your success.Best wishes.Yours,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：介紹信一 介紹信1 結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn):介紹信是向收信人介紹某人的信件，包含三個(gè)部分：1 說(shuō)明被介紹人的身份；2 提出希望收信人做的事情；3 如果是請(qǐng)收信人關(guān)照被介紹人，表示感謝；如果是請(qǐng)收信人與被介紹人共同工作，則對(duì)合作表示樂(lè)觀。Directions 19Suppose that your friend is going to stay at a big city. Write a letter in ab

55、out 100 words to introduce her to a friend there. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead. Sample:Dear Linda, I want to introduce to you the bearer of this letter, Helen Herbert, who is a diligent and intelligent scholar just like you. She will attend an internatio

56、nal conference on economics from August 27 through August 30 at the ShangriLa Hotel of your city.She will have no problem with her accommodation. I am sure a talk will benefit both of you a lot. I have given your mobile phone number to her, and I hope it will not cause any inconvenience for you. Tha

57、nk you for your kindness and consideration.Sincerely yours,Li Ming 應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作：介紹信二 介紹信2語(yǔ)言注意點(diǎn):介紹信應(yīng)措辭禮貌得體，對(duì)被介紹人的說(shuō)明應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)潔明了、重點(diǎn)突出。Directions 20Write a letter to inform a colleague of a coming visiting scholar in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.Sample:Dear Anna,Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce a visiting scholar, George Martin, from University of Califor