八年級英語下學(xué)期被動語態(tài)PPT課件

1、被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)牛津8b unit 3四川省巴中市巴州區(qū)水寧寺鎮(zhèn)小學(xué)賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊牛津牛津8b unit 3被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 英語動詞的語態(tài)英語動詞的語態(tài) 主動語態(tài)：主語是動作的執(zhí)行者 被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者 例： we speak english. （主動語態(tài)）主 謂 賓 english is spoken by us. （被動語態(tài)）主 謂 介詞+賓語 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) we clean the classroom. the classroom is cleaned by us.she closed the window. the window w

2、as closed by her.he wrote a letter last night. a letter was written by him. 被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 主語 + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + 其他the simple present tense: (一般現(xiàn)在時)iam(not)caughtyou/we/theyare(not)she/he/itis(not)the simple past tense: (一般過去時)iwas(not)caughtyou/we/theywere(not)she/he/itwas(not)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：ican

3、(not)may(not)must(not)should(not)becaughtyou/we/theyshe/he/it被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊 被動語態(tài)的用法：被動語態(tài)的用法：（見課本p45） 1當(dāng)動作執(zhí)行者顯而易見時。當(dāng)動作執(zhí)行者顯而易見時。（即沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者) our classroom is cleaned every day. 2當(dāng)我們不知道或不能想起誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時當(dāng)我們不知道或不能想起誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。 he cars were made in tianjing in 1995. 3當(dāng)我們認為行為（動作）比誰是這個行為（動作）的執(zhí)行者更重當(dāng)我們認為行為（動作）比誰

4、是這個行為（動作）的執(zhí)行者更重要時。要時。 the red coats in this shop were sold out yesterday.被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞形式主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞形式(以動詞以動詞do為例為例) 時 態(tài) 動詞的主動形式 動詞的被動形式一般現(xiàn)在時 do(does) am/is/are done一般過去時 did was/were done一般將來時 will do will be done現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done過去進行時 was/were doing was/wer

5、e being done現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has done have/has been done過去完成時 had done had been done過去將來時 would do would be done（另：情態(tài)動詞+do 情態(tài)動詞+be done)被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞形式被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞形式 時 態(tài) 動詞的被動形式例句 一般現(xiàn)在時 amisare donehe is asked to do this.一般過去時 waswere donethe room was cleaned by her mother.一般將來時 will be done the tre

6、es will be cut down tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進行時 amisare being donethe book is being written.過去進行時 waswrere being doneat that time the desk was being made.現(xiàn)在完成時 havehas been done the building has been built.過去完成時 had been done he said that his homework had been done.過去將來時 would be done they said the trees would b

7、e planted soon被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)的各種句型the book is liked by young people. (肯定句)the book isnt liked by young people.（否定句）is the book liked by young people ?（一般疑問句）yes, it is./ no, it isnt. (回答)whom who is the book liked by ?（特殊疑問句） the room is cleaned, isnt it? (反義疑問句)被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)的方法 1.把主動句中的

8、賓語改成被動句的主語, 原主語改成賓語 2 動詞改為被動形式 be +p.p (同時注意時態(tài)) 3 原來的主語如果需要的話放在介詞by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果沒有必要則省去 .例：(1) we speak english. （主動語態(tài)） 主 謂 賓 english is spoken by us. 主 謂 介詞+賓語 (2) the man killed a tiger. a tiger was killed by the man.被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊特殊句型的被動語態(tài)一 雙賓語 give ,pass ,show， teach , tell等動詞常常帶有兩個賓語即雙賓語：直接賓語和

9、間接賓語，改為被動語態(tài)時，可以選其中任何一個作主語。如果直接賓語作主語，那么間接賓語前要加相應(yīng)的介詞to/for。但ask , answer 后的雙賓語，一般將間接賓語（人）變?yōu)橹髡Z；buy, make 等后的雙賓語，一般將直接賓語（物）變?yōu)橹髡Z 例： he gave me a pen. = he gave a pen to me. 間 直 直 間 i was given a pen by him. 間 a pen was given to me by him. 直 my mother bought me a new coat.= my mother bought a new coat for

10、 me. 直 間 a new coat was bought for me by my mother.被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊特殊句型的被動語態(tài) 二使役動詞（make /let /have）或感官動詞（hear ,see,listen to,find ,watch,feel等），在主動語態(tài)中，其后作賓語補足語的不定式不帶to，但是在改成被動語態(tài)時必須加to，另外help在主動語態(tài)中后面的動詞不定式可以帶to,也可不帶to, 但在被動語態(tài)中也必須加to。 例：mother often makes me do some housework. i am often made to do some

11、housework by mother. we saw him run into the classroom. he was seen to run into the classroom by us.被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊特殊句型的被動語態(tài) 三 復(fù)合賓語 含有賓語補足語的句子改為被動語態(tài),只能把賓語作為被動語態(tài)的主語。（賓補放在原來位置不變） 例： we call him tom. 主謂賓 賓補 e is called tom by us. he found the book very interesting. the book was found very interesting by

12、him. 四 不及物動詞（vi）+介詞/副詞賓語的句子改成被動語態(tài)時，介詞或副詞不能丟掉。 例： e should speak to old people politely. old people should be spoken to politely ( by us). he took away the box. the box was taken away by him. 被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊沒有被動語態(tài)的動詞 1. 不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài)不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài): happen take place（發(fā)生）, break out(爆 發(fā))，break down (壞

13、了) , appear,die， end, fail, last, lie, sit, spread（傳播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, belong to, consist of等只用主動語態(tài)，而不用被動語態(tài) 2. 大多數(shù)系動詞大多數(shù)系動詞：be ,feel (摸起來)，sound(聽起來)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來), taste（嘗起來）等詞無被動語態(tài)，它們的主動形式表示被動意義。 3. 表示狀態(tài)或特征的動詞表示狀態(tài)或特征的動詞. 如 have, cost, fit, suit 等沒有被動形式. 例：he milk tastes stra

14、nge. the story happened in in 2000. the meeting lasted for 2 hours. 被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)練習(xí)一、單項選擇：(注意語態(tài)和時態(tài).)1. the tall building_ years ago. a built b was built c is built d builds b2 what a nice garden! it _ every day. a is cleaning b was cleaning c must clean d is cleanedd3 the trees _ every day. a wa

15、ter b must watered c must be watered d has wateredc4 if the child_, please telephone the police. a found b is found c was found d has foundb5 _ this kind of question often_ in your class, li ping? a does, ask b is, asked c has, asked d will, askb6 she is ofen seen _ basketball on the playground. a p

16、lay b to play c plays d playing b7 rice _ in south china. a grows b is grow c is grown d are grownc8 we _ trees in spring. a plant b are planted c are planting d will planta 被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)練習(xí)二、動詞填空：二、動詞填空： (注意語態(tài)和時態(tài).) 1 the room_ 1 the room_ (clean)(clean) just now. just now. was cleanedwas cleaned

17、 2 trees _ 2 trees _ (plant)(plant) in spring every year. in spring every year.are plantedare planted 3 the room _ 3 the room _ (should clean)(should clean) every day. every day.should be cleanedshould be cleaned 4 this jacket _ 4 this jacket _ (make)(make) of cotton. of cotton.is madeis made 5 sand

18、y _ just _ 5 sandy _ just _ (sweep)(sweep) the floor. the floor. has has sweepedsweeped 6 oh, the milk _ 6 oh, the milk _ (taste)(taste) strange, do you think its ok to drink? strange, do you think its ok to drink?tastestastes 7 the story _ 7 the story _ (happen)(happen) in 2005. in 2005.happenedhappened被動語態(tài)四川巴中水寧賴麗瓊被動語態(tài)練習(xí)三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：變被動語態(tài)三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：變被動語態(tài)1 people use knives for cutting things. knives are used for cutting things.2 we must speak to older people politely. old people m