虛擬語氣課件(公開課)subjective_mood(2)

1、 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式.一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等Definition Subjunctive Mood(虛擬語氣）虛擬語氣）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Types條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語形從句的謂語形式式主句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去未來未來過去式過去式 (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V. (原原)would/could/should/might +have done1.過去式過去式2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to

2、 dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1. If 型型虛擬語氣虛擬語氣例句例句1.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。(與過去事實(shí)相反)2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。(與將來事實(shí)可能相反)3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的話，我會(huì)馬上走。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，事

3、實(shí)上我不可能是你)If 型型1. If you _tomorrow, you _find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; wouldC. will come; should D. comes; might2. If the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has

4、arrived虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If型特例型特例1：混雜條件句：混雜條件句：定義：定義：從句與主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不同If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.與過去相反與過去相反與現(xiàn)在相反與現(xiàn)在相反虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If型特例型特例2：省略：省略 if 的條件從句的條件從句：用法：用法：從句中有 were, had 或 should 時(shí)， 省略if ，而把它們放在句首。3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed.2. If he should fail in t

5、he experiment this time, he would try again. 1. If I were you, I would not do that.Were I you, I would not do that.Should he failed in the experiment this time, he would try again.Had you not helped me, I should have failed.在賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句在賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句及主語從句中及主語從句中2. Should + V 型型虛擬語氣虛擬語氣句型 it is

6、 necessary/strange/that +從句從句三個(gè)建議三個(gè)建議四個(gè)要求四個(gè)要求insistorder, commandadvise, suggest, proposedemand, require, request, ask其后的賓語從句及以其其后的賓語從句及以其同根名詞同根名詞引導(dǎo)的主語，表引導(dǎo)的主語，表語，同位語從句中。語，同位語從句中。虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Should +v 型型兩個(gè)命令兩個(gè)命令一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持1.在賓語在賓語從句從句，表語，表語從句從句，同位語，同位語從句從句，主語，主語從句從句中。中。這種用法的詞有：這種用法的詞有：1. I advised that you

7、_ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 2. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could3. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ there. A. not went B. wont go C. not go D. not to go4.The

8、teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven. A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished5.The commander ordered that we _ work. A. must finish B. finished C. should finish D. could finishTIPST. or F. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face sugges

9、ts that you are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong.insist / suggest 各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣Insist 表示表示“堅(jiān)決要求堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，用虛擬形式時(shí)，用虛擬形式，即，即 should + do;Insist 表示表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，用陳述語氣時(shí)，用陳述語氣，表示事，表示事實(shí)。實(shí)。Suggest 表示表示“建議建議”時(shí)，用虛擬形式。時(shí)，用虛擬形式。Suggest 表示表示“表明、暗示表明、暗

10、示”時(shí)，用陳述語氣。時(shí)，用陳述語氣。FTFT虛擬語氣虛擬語氣 用于表語、同位語、主語從句用于表語、同位語、主語從句在在suggestion / proposal / order / / advice / request /demand 等名詞等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中后的表語和同位語從句中 要用要用 “should動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形” should可以省略可以省略Translation 他建議我們早點(diǎn)回家。He suggested that we (should) go home earlier.It was suggested that we (should) go home earlier

11、.His suggestion was that we (should) go home earlier.He made an suggestion that we (should) go home earlier.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣賓語從句賓語從句主語從句主語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句1.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off考題點(diǎn)擊考題點(diǎn)擊1.His suggestion

12、that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2 She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left2. It is suggested/ordered / requested /proposed /demanded that從句從句從句從句中的中的 謂語謂語 動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞用用should+動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞原形原形，should 可以可以省略省略

13、虛擬語氣虛擬語氣類似用法的詞有類似用法的詞有：necessary，strange，natural，desired， a pity, a shame, no wonder 。Should + V 型型2. It is important (necessary, strange,) that .我們有必要出去散散步。 她這樣做是很自然的。 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。 Should + V 型型虛擬語氣虛擬語氣TranslationIts necessary that we should have a walk .Its natural that she should do so.Its impor

14、tant that we should take good care of the patient.Wish / As if (though)3.類似類似 if 型型虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Would rather/ If only But for +n/ Without +n Its (high) time +thatWish/As if / （though）+從句從句現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: 過去時(shí)（過去時(shí)（were）過去過去: 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)(had done)未來未來: would/could/might +V.(原原)類似類似 if 型（型（1）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣例句1. I wish I were

15、30 years younger.2. I wish (that) you would get a good job.3. He wished he hadnt done it.4. He treats the little girl as if she were he own daughter. 他想要是他沒這樣做該多好。類似類似 if 型型1 . I wish I _a bird A is B were C will be D are2. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would

16、visit C visited D will visit would Rather + that （從句）（從句） 寧愿。寧愿。If only +要是。要是。過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/將來將來過去過去類似類似 if 型（型（2）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1. would rather that現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rat

17、her you came tomorrow.Its (high) time +that過去時(shí)過去時(shí)(were)/Should(不省不省) +V.你該走了。你該走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.我們該去我們該去睡覺了。睡覺了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 類似類似 if 型（型（3）1. She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B

18、. should leave C. leaves D. left2. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left 3. If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 4. -Why didnt you come to the party yeste

19、rday? -I would , but an unexpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. had come D. was coming 5. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told類似類似 if 型（型（4）虛擬語氣虛擬語氣but for +n(要不是), without +n, otherwise(否則)，in that case，一些短語相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句（一些短語相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句（if）,

20、 其后的句子與虛擬條件主句用法一致。其后的句子與虛擬條件主句用法一致。+句子句子would/could/should/might +V. (原原)would/could/should/might +have done現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/將來將來過去過去1. But for your help, we (make) such rapid progress.沒有你的幫助，我們是不會(huì)取得這么快的進(jìn)展的。沒有你的幫助，我們是不會(huì)取得這么快的進(jìn)展的。would not have made虛擬語氣虛擬語氣類似類似 if 型型2. Without air, there _ (be) no living things.

21、 如果沒有空氣，就不會(huì)有生物如果沒有空氣，就不會(huì)有生物 would be3. Thanks to the brave young man, otherwise, the boy _(die).would have died6.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 7. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will b

22、e C. would have been D. would be Subjective moodIf 型型Should +v型型類似類似if型型?；祀s條件句混雜條件句(各自為準(zhǔn)各自為準(zhǔn))Were, had ,should提前，省略提前，省略if1. 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令， 三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。2. It is（necessary，strange）+that1. wish/as if 2. Would rather/ if only3. It is (high) time that4. But for/otherwise/ without/in that c

23、ase1.過去式過去式2.過去完成過去完成3.could、would、might +v1.過去式過去式2.過去完成過去完成Should（不?。ú皇。?+v/過去式過去式1.Would,could,should,might+v2.would,could,should,might+have doneinsistsuggest虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missedExercisesA2. If I knew you

24、 were coming, I _ you at the airport. A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metD3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listenB4. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sellA 5. I wish this bus _ t

25、o the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneB虛擬語氣虛擬語氣6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得飽), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should getC7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. beenA8. I _ you

26、 some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentB9. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. hadD10. I dont think it is the right time that you _. A. will go B. went C. go D. must goB11. When a pencil is partl

27、y in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenC1. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow2. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.(2010,重慶) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 3. If we _ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken4. Had I known abou