高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：虛擬語氣語法

1、 一.虛擬語氣在條件狀語 從句中的用法。條件從句If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來過去時（過去時（were）過去完成時過去完成時would/could/should/might +V.（原）（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.過去時2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.（原）（原）Subjunctive Mood情況例句現(xiàn)在1. If I were tired, I would have a rest.2. If I knew his address, I could wri

2、te to him過去1. If he had set out earlier, he would have caught the early bus.將來1. If I should have time tomorrow, I would go to the library.2. If he were to come here this evening, we would invite him to attend the party.3. If it rained this afternoon, the football match would be postponed until next

3、 Saturday.Practice 1)Fill in the blanks with the words in brackets. you may change the form if necessary.1 If he had not made many mistakes,he_(pass) the test.2.If it were to rain tomorrow, we _(go ) for a picnic.3.If we were to panic, we _ (be able to )help.4.If you _(be) here last night, you would

4、 have met the well-known cancer expert.5 If he _(see) you yesterday, he would have told you. would have passed had been had seen wouldnt gowouldnt be able toSubjunctive Mood省略 if 的條件從句的結(jié)構(gòu)如果虛擬條件從句的謂語含有如果虛擬條件從句的謂語含有were, had 或或should, 即可即可省略省略if，將將1. If she were free now, she would go with you.Were sh

5、e free., she would .2. If I were to do the experiment, I would save some money.Were I to do the ., I would .3. If he had not come, they would have gone. Had he not come, they would have .4. If he should give up smoking, his illness would be cured.Should he give up ., his . would be .Subjunctive Mood

6、(一) 混合條件句/有時條件從句和主句的有時條件從句和主句的時態(tài)不一致時態(tài)不一致，這種句子稱作，這種句子稱作: 混合條件句混合條件句/1. If you had worked harder, your English would be better now. 如果你過去努力學(xué)習(xí)的話， 你的英語現(xiàn)在就會較好的了.2. If he had given me the ticket yesterday, I would attend the concert now. 如果昨天他， 現(xiàn)在我3. If I were you, I would have gone to the cinema. 如果我是你，

7、我就已經(jīng)去看電影了l比較下面兩個句子：比較下面兩個句子：lIf you had followed the doctors advice, you would be all right now.lIf you had followed the doctors advice, you would have been all right then. If you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now.Subjunctive Mood (二二) 1. If there were not water, fish could not live.

8、Without water, fish could not live.2. If you had not helped me, I would have failed.Without/But for your help, I would have failed.l Without electricity = If there were no electricitySubjunctive Mood Subjunctive Mood（二）虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中用在 insist; order, command; suggest, propose, advise; ask, request, req

9、uire, demand; desire 等動詞后，賓語從句的謂語動詞用should + 動詞動詞原形表示，原形表示，should 可以省略可以省略，只用動詞原形（用于所有人稱）We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should ) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.但是特別需要引起注意的是suggest只有當(dāng)

10、作“建議”才用虛擬語氣，當(dāng)作“暗示.表明”時候不用虛擬語氣。Insist表示“堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持”時用虛擬語氣，表示“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時候不用虛擬語氣。His face suggested that he was angry. He suggested that he should leave the house right away.PracticeSubjunctive Mood三.用在主語從句中虛擬語氣用在主語從句中，主要有以下幾種句型：1)It is necessary (natural, strange, important, essential, etc) that .2) It i

11、s suggested (desired, requested, ordered, proposed, etc) that.3) It is a pity (a shame, no wonder etc) that. 從句中的謂語動詞常should + V表示，也可省略表示，也可省略should而用而用V1. It is necessary that we (should) spend an hour learning English every day.2. It is important that we (should) learn hard. 四四. l 1. I wish I _(am

12、) a bird.l werel 2. He wishes he _(not make) the big mistake. l hadnt madel 3. I wish I _(can be) of some use in the future. l could bel 4. He speaks English as if he _(be) an Englishman.l werel 5. They two talked about the city as if they _(be) there before.l had been 五用在五用在it is (high) time that .

13、句型中句型中在在 It is (high) time that . 句型中（句型中（that引導(dǎo)的是引導(dǎo)的是主語從句），從句用主語從句），從句用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣，其動詞用，其動詞用一般過去式一般過去式/should +V.,表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼臓顟B(tài)或行為，意思是表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼臓顟B(tài)或行為，意思是“該干某件事了該干某件事了”，含有晚了一點(diǎn)的意思，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，含有晚了一點(diǎn)的意思，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，往往在往往在time前加前加 high1. It is time that we went/should go home.2. It is time that you handed in your compositio

14、n. Subjunctive Mood六用在簡單句中虛擬語氣可以用在以虛擬語氣可以用在以 may 開頭的句子中，表示開頭的句子中，表示 “祝祝愿愿”， 也可以用在也可以用在 long live開頭的句子中，表示開頭的句子中，表示 “強(qiáng)強(qiáng)烈的愿望烈的愿望: 萬歲萬歲”1. May you have a good journey!2. May you succeed!3. Long live the Communist Party of China!4. Heaven help him!5. God bless you!七用在If only感嘆句中If only表示表示 “但愿但愿”， “要是要是

15、就好了就好了”， 它的用法和它的用法和 I wish 基本相同。如與基本相同。如與 would 連用，則表示一時很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望連用，則表示一時很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望1. If only he didnt write so carelessly!2. If only she had arrived in time.3. If only the rain would stop!要是今天是星期天就好了。要是今天是星期天就好了。If only it were Sunday today.比較比較if only與與only if only if表示表示“只有只有”；if only則表示則表示如果如果就好了就好了。I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有鬧鐘響了，我才會醒。只有鬧鐘響了，我才會醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.當(dāng)時鬧鐘響了，就好了。當(dāng)時鬧鐘響了，就好了。八用在八用在 would rather 后的后的 that 從句中從句中would rather 意為 “寧愿”， would rather sb. did