(完整word版)小升初英語(yǔ)介詞專項(xiàng)

1、介詞一定義。介詞是英語(yǔ)中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。同一個(gè)介詞常和不同的詞語(yǔ)搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。二分類介詞按結(jié)構(gòu)大致分為以下三類：1. 簡(jiǎn)單介詞(Simple Prepositions ) 如： about， at， by， under， of， over.2. 符合介詞(Compound Prepositions ) 如： inside ， into， outside ， without3. 短語(yǔ)介詞(Phrasal Prepositions ) 如： in front of ， because of ， according to ，三用法a

2、t表示時(shí)刻： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7 點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。表示在某一具體地點(diǎn)(小地點(diǎn))：He is standing at the bus stop他站在公共汽車站。表示動(dòng)作的方向、目標(biāo)：Let me have a look at the picture讓我看看這幅圖。用于某些固定搭配： at once 立刻、馬上at last 最后at the same time 同時(shí) at first 開(kāi)始時(shí) not at all 一點(diǎn)也不about表示大約時(shí)間：It s about six oclock now.現(xiàn)在大約6點(diǎn)鐘了。表示地點(diǎn)；在周圍：Ever

3、ything about me is so beautiful我周圍的一切都那么美好。關(guān)于，對(duì)于： We are talking about the news.我們正在談?wù)撔侣?。用于某些固定搭配：talk about 談?wù)?think about 考慮 what/how about 怎么樣after在之后：After dinner I watch TV.晚飯后我看電視。在后面： He came into the room after me.他在我后面進(jìn)了房間。behind在之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 樹(shù)后有一輛自行車比晚，遲于： The train

4、is behind time. 火車晚點(diǎn)了by在旁：He is sitting by the bed.他正坐在床邊。到時(shí)候：We have learned three English songs by now.到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了三首英文歌曲。以方式：I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。用于某些固定搭配：one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)by the way 順便說(shuō)一句for為，給，替：Ill make a card for my teacher.我要給老師做張卡片。由于 ： Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫我。表示給(某人)用的：T

5、here is letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。用于某些固定搭配：be good for 對(duì) 有好處be bad for 對(duì) 有害Thank you for 感謝be late for 遲到look for 尋找in在里面：The pencil is in the desk.鉛筆在課桌里。在一段時(shí)間里： We have four classes in the morning. 我們上午有四節(jié)課。用，以： Whats this in English? 這用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)？在某一年份，季節(jié)，月份：in 2002, in spring, in January表示狀態(tài)，服飾：Helen i

6、s in yellow.海倫身穿黃色衣服。在方面：He is weak in English. 他的英語(yǔ)不行。用于某些固定搭配：in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time及時(shí)in bed 臥床 in the sun 陽(yáng)光下in class 課上 in English 用英語(yǔ)like像樣：He looks like his father. 他像他的父親。這樣，那樣：Dont look at me like that. 別那樣看著我。怎樣：Whats the weather like? 天氣怎樣。用于某些固定搭配：look like 看起來(lái)像sound like 聽(tīng)

7、起來(lái)像near靠近，在附近： My bed is near the window.我的床在窗戶旁。of的（表示所屬關(guān)系）：This is a photo of my family.這是一張我家的照片。的（用于所有格）：He is a friend of mine.他是我的一個(gè)朋友。表示數(shù)量（與連詞連用）：One of us is from Beijing. 我們中有一個(gè)來(lái)自北京想到，談到：I often think of them. 我常常想到他們。用于某些固定搭配： of course 當(dāng)然because of 因?yàn)椋捎趏n在上面： There are some apple on the

8、tree.樹(shù)上有些蘋果。在（星期）天,在某天的上午（下午，晚上） ：They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他們?nèi)ド嫌⒄Z(yǔ)課。I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在 5 月 1 日早上離開(kāi)北京。用于某些固定搭配： on duty 值日 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)over在正上方： There is a lamp over the table.桌子上方有一盞燈。遍及，穿過(guò)：There is a bridge over the river.有座橋橫跨那條河。超過(guò)，不止：She is a little over 2. 她兩歲

9、多了。to到，往，向：He walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量，到為止 Please count from ten to thirty. 請(qǐng)從10數(shù)到30.向，對(duì)，給： Happy New Year to you all.大家新年好。用于某些固定搭配：from to 從 到 too to 太 不能 underWhats under your desk? 你書(shū)桌底下是什么？with和 ： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家嗎？表示伴隨狀態(tài)，帶有：Whos that girl with glasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰(shuí)?三、

10、 介詞的固定搭配1) 介詞和名詞的連用2)動(dòng)詞和介詞的連用3)形容詞和介詞連用atarrive at/in 到達(dá) =get to=reachat first 起初；開(kāi)始at dinner在吃晚飯at last 最后at night在深夜at school 在上學(xué)at home 在家；無(wú)拘束laugh at 嘲笑at present現(xiàn)在at work 上班，在工作look at看 be good at 擅長(zhǎng) at once 立刻onget off/on 上 /下車on one s way home在我回家路上on duty 值日turn on/off 打開(kāi)/關(guān)掉on holiday 度假on t

11、ime 準(zhǔn)時(shí)on the left/right 在左/右邊on the radio 在廣播中on foot 步行on sale 出售；降價(jià)出售put on 穿上on the farm 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)on TV 在電視上播放on the phone 在電話中inbe interested in 對(duì)感興趣 in class 在課堂上in English 用英語(yǔ)in bed 臥床in hospital 住院in the middle 在中間in the day 在白天do well in 擅長(zhǎng)in the sun 在陽(yáng)光下 forwait for 等待be late for 在look for 尋找Than

12、k you for 感謝be good/bad for 對(duì) 有益 /有害what s for lunch? 午飯吃什么？withhelp sb. with sth. 幫助某人 be busy with 忙于 see with our eyes 用眼睛看write with a pen 用鋼筆寫be strict with 對(duì) 要求嚴(yán)格talk with 和 談?wù)?)其他 look like 看起來(lái)象 hear from 收到 來(lái)信learn from 向 學(xué)習(xí)turn up/down 調(diào)大 /小音量listen to 聽(tīng) getup 起床tooto 太 不能 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一選擇填空，并把其字母編號(hào)

13、寫在括號(hào)內(nèi)。() 1. It s time supper.A. atB. inC. onD. for() 2. It s no time school. It s time go back home.A. to, forB. to, toC. for, to() 3. Mr Brown comes America.A. atB. from C. inD. to() 4. What s this English?A. inB. atC. onD. under() 5. Sometimes I go to school foot.A. byB. inC. onD. with() 6. Count

14、(數(shù))one ten.A. from, byB. from, toC. to, to D. at, to() 7.My sister is looking her new shoes now.A. atB. afterC. forD. to() 8. It s cold outside. Please your warm clothes.A. put inB. take offC. put on D. put up() 9. The classroom is quite different that one.A. ofB. fromC. withD. like() 10. A: Do many

15、 children in our class often skate winter?B: Yes, they usually have fun winter.A. in, inB. on, onC. at, at() 11. A: Does the autumn start August?B; Sometimes it does. But usually it starts September.A. in, in B. on, on C. at, at() 12. I usually play table tennis school.A. after B. when C. by()13. I

16、like summer. Is it cool autumn? What summer? Oh, it is too hot.A. in, about on B. on, about on C. in, about in() 14. A: Do you listen to the radio a long time?B: No, I often listen to it twenty minutes.A. for, to B. for, for C. to, for() 15. When is May Day? It s the first of May.A. onB. in C. at()

17、16. They will move to the new school next Monday.A. onB. inC. /() 17. He always goes to school at 7:00 every day.A. onB. inC. /() 18. She does her homework half an hour every day.A. in B. for C. /二、用所給的介詞填空。in, from, for, with, against, with, on, to, at, of1. Go straight ahead, the post office is yo

18、ur right.2. We could buy hamburgers lunch.3. I help my mother the housework.4. You can come and have dinner us.5. I painted a picture horses.6. Bill is a heavy boy short hair.7. Adults usually give lucky money to children Spring Festival.8. It s a postcard (明信片) the USA.9. I live the eighth floor.11

19、. Are you listening me?12. We usually stay home Saturday afternoon.13. Shall we meet the gate (大門) the school?14. Don t walk the grass.15. Some children are swimming the river (河).三.用適當(dāng)介詞填空1. Can you see the words written the blackboard? (in, on, by, with)2. There is a slogan標(biāo)語(yǔ))the wall. (on, in, ov

20、er, above)3. the help the teachers, the students have made great progress their study. (on,in, of, with)4. He will be back a minute. ( on, in, for, by)5. What s this(at,on,in)English?6. Christmas is(at,on,in)the 25th of December.7.Is there a cat(under, behind, in)the door?8 .The man(with, on, in)bla

21、ck is Su Hai s father.9 .He doesn t do well (at,on,in)PE.10 .Look at those birds(on,in)the tree.11 .We are going to meet(at,on,in)the bus stop(at,on,in)half past ten.12 .Is there a cat(under, behind, in)the door?13 .We live(at,on,in)a new house now.14 .Does it often rain(at,on,in)spring there?四.判斷下列

22、介詞用得是否正確，正確的畫，錯(cuò)誤的畫“x”，并將錯(cuò)誤的改正過(guò)來(lái)。(10分)()1. It s time to lunch.)2. It s hot outside. Please put on your coat.)3. How about this skirt?)4. Who S at duty today?)5. My father s birthday is at the 1st of June )6. On the street, there are many cars.)7. I can see lots with tress.)8. Do you like to play with a yo-yo?)9. There is a park in the theatre.)10. In your right, I can see two boys.五.單項(xiàng)選擇。(15分)()1. What s this English? Its an apple.A. on B. in C. at D. of()2. Lily, can you go shopping me?A. near B. at C. with D. from()3. English is spoken America.A. inB. a