51單片機,DS1302時鐘,1602顯示,可調(diào)時鐘剖析

1、1、DS1302引腳排列:如下圖VCC2匚2h1 63VCC1xi匚27SCLKX2E36 i IQGNDL45 | RST引腳說明：1)Vcc1:后備電源，VCC2主電源。在主電源關閉的情況下，也能保持時鐘的連續(xù)運行。DS1302由Vcc1或Vcc2兩者中的較大者供電。當Vcc2大于Vcc1+0.2V時，Vcc2給DS1302供電。當Vcc2小于Vcc1時，DS1302由Vcc1供電。2)X1、X2:振蕩源，外接32.768kHz晶振。3)RST復位/片選線，通過把RST輸入驅動置高電平來啟動所有的數(shù)據(jù)傳送。RST輸入有兩種功能：首先，RST接通控制邏輯，允許地址/命令序列送入移位寄存器；其

2、次，RST提供 終止單字節(jié)或多字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)的傳送手段。當RST為高電平時，所有的數(shù)據(jù)傳送被初始化，允許 對DS1302進行操作。如果在傳送過程中RST置為低電平，則會終止此次數(shù)據(jù)傳送，I/O弓I腳變?yōu)楦咦钁B(tài)。上電運行時，在Vcc2.0V之前，RST必須保持低電平。只有在SCLK為低電 平時，才能將RST置為高電平。4)I/O為串行數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出端(雙向)。5)SCLK為時鐘輸入端。2、DS1302的控制字節(jié)基于proteus的51單片機仿真實例八十實例實時時鐘芯片DS1302應用DS1302的控制字如下圖所示。I聲 /|；7A52Alkx/zkK 2 DSI3O2的挖州宇肯控制字節(jié)的最高有效位（位7

3、）必須是邏輯1，如果它為0，則不能把數(shù)據(jù)寫入DS1302中，位6如果為0,則表示存取日歷時鐘數(shù)據(jù)，為1表示存取RAM數(shù)據(jù)；位5至位1指示操作單元的地址;最低有效位（位0）如為0表示要進行寫操作，為1表示進行讀操作，控制字節(jié)總是從 最低位開始輸出。3、數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出（I/O）在控制指令字輸入后的下一個SCLK寸鐘的上升沿時，數(shù)據(jù)被寫入DS1302,數(shù)據(jù)輸入從低位即位0開始。同樣，在緊跟8位的控制指令字后的下一個SCLK脈沖的下降沿讀出DS1302的數(shù)據(jù)，讀出數(shù)據(jù)時從低位0位到高位7。DS1302的寄存器DS1302有12個寄存器，其中有7個寄存器與日歷、時鐘相關，存放的數(shù)據(jù)位為BCD碼形式,其日歷

4、、時間寄存器及其控制字見數(shù)據(jù)手冊。此外，DS1302還有年份寄存器、控制寄存器、充電寄存器、時鐘突發(fā)寄存器及與RAM相關的寄存器等。時鐘突發(fā)寄存器可一次性順序讀寫除充電寄存器外的所有寄存器內(nèi)容。DS1302與RAM相關的寄存器分為兩類：一類是單個RAM單元，共31個，每個單元組態(tài)為一個8位的字節(jié)，其命令控制字為C0H- FDH其中奇數(shù)為讀操作，偶數(shù)為寫操作；另一類為突發(fā)方式下的RAMI寄存器，此方式下可一次性讀寫所有的RAM的31個字節(jié)，命令控制字為FEH（寫）、FFH（讀）。#in cludeF面是其C程序（獨家轉售）#include #define uchar unsigned char#

5、define uint unsigned int #define LCDIO P2sbit rs=P3A0;sbit rd=P3A1;sbit lcden=P3A2;sbit acc0=ACCA0;/sbit acc7=ACCA7;/ ucharsecond,minute,hour,day,month,year,week,count=0;uchar ReadValue,num,time;uchar code table= 2010-11-29 MON;uchar code table1= 15:45:00 ;uchar code table2= THUFRISATSUNMONTUEWES;sb

6、it DATA=P0A1;sbit RST=P0A2;sbit SCLK=P0A0;sbit menu=P3A5;sbit add=P3A6;sbit dec=P3A7;void delay(uint z)uint x,y;for(x=z;x0;x-)for(y=110;y0;y-);void delay1(uint z)for(;z0;z-);移位時的第0位移位時用的第7位/菜單/加一/減一void write_com(uchar com)rs=0;rd=0;lcden=0;P2=com;delay(5);lcden=1;delay(5);lcden=0;void write_date(uc

7、har date)rs=1;rd=0;lcden=0;P2=date;delay(5);lcden=1;delay(5);lcden=0;void init()uchar num;lcden=0;write_com(0 x38);write_com(0 x0c);write_com(0 x06);write_com(0 x01);write_com(0 x80);delay(5);write_com(0 x80);for(num=0;num15;num+)write_date(tablenum); delay(5);write_com(0 x80+0 x40);for(num=0;num10;

8、num+)write_date(table1num);delay(5);void Write1302(uchar dat)uchar i;SCLK=0;/拉低SCLK為脈沖上升沿寫入數(shù)據(jù)做好準備delay1(2);/稍微等待，使硬件做好準備for(i=0;i=1;/稍微等待，使硬件做好準備重新拉低SCLK形成脈沖將dat的各數(shù)據(jù)位右移1位，準備寫入下一個數(shù)據(jù)位void WriteSet1302(uchar Cmd,uchar dat)RST=0;/禁止數(shù)據(jù)傳遞確保寫數(shù)居前SCLK被拉低啟動數(shù)據(jù)傳輸稍微等待，使硬件做好準備寫入命令字寫數(shù)據(jù)將時鐘電平置于已知狀態(tài)禁止數(shù)據(jù)傳遞uchar Read13

9、02(void)uchar i,dat;delay(2); /稍微等待，使硬件做好準備for(i=0;i=1; /將dat的各數(shù)據(jù)位右移1位，因為先讀出的是字節(jié)的最低位if(DATA=1) /如果讀出的數(shù)據(jù)是1dat|=0 x80; /將1取出，寫在dat的最高位SCLK=1; /將SCLK置于高電平，為下降沿讀出delay1(2); /稍微等待SCLK=0; /拉低SCLK形成脈沖下降沿delay1(2); /稍微等待return dat;/將讀出的數(shù)據(jù)返回SCLK=0; /RST=1; / delay1(2);/Write1302(Cmd); /Write1302(dat); /SCLK=

10、1; /RST=0; /uchar ReadSet1302(uchar Cmd)RST=0;/拉低RSTSCLK=0;/確保寫數(shù)居前SCLK被拉低RST=1;/啟動數(shù)據(jù)傳輸uchar dat;Write1302(Cmd); /寫入命令字dat=Read1302();/讀出數(shù)據(jù)SCLK=1;/將時鐘電平置于已知狀態(tài)RST=0;/禁止數(shù)據(jù)傳遞return dat; /將讀出的數(shù)據(jù)返回void In it_DS1302(void)WriteSet1302(0 x8E,0 x00);/令根據(jù)寫狀態(tài)寄存器命令字,WriteSet1302(0 x80,(0/10)4|(0%10); /WriteSet13

11、02(0 x82,(45/10)4|(45%10); /值WriteSet1302(0 x84,(15/10)4|(15%10);始值WriteSet1302(0 x86,(29/10)4|(29%10);WriteSet1302(0 x88,(11/10)4|(11%10);根據(jù)寫秒寄存器命令字，根據(jù)寫分寄存器命令字，/根據(jù)寫小時寄存器命令字，/根據(jù)寫日寄存器命令字，/根據(jù)寫月寄存器命令字，寫入不保護指寫入秒的初始值寫入分的初始寫入小時的初 寫入日的初始值寫入月的初始值WriteSet1302(0 x8c,(10/10)4|(10%10); /nianWriteSet1302(0 x8a,(

12、4/10)4|(4%10);void DisplaySecond(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;write_com(0 xc8);write_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayMinute(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;write_com(0 xc5);write_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayHour(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;write_com(0 xc2);writ

13、e_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayDay(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;write_com(0 x89);write_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayMonth(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;write_com(0 x86);write_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayYear(uchar x)uchar i,j;i=x/10;j=x%10;wri

14、te_com(0 x83);write_date(0 x30+i);write_date(0 x30+j);void DisplayWeek(uchar x) uchar i;x=x*3;write_com(0 x8c);for(i=0;i4)*10 + (ReadValue&0 x0F);ReadValue = ReadSet1302(0 x83);minute=(ReadValue&0 x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0 x0F);ReadValue = ReadSet1302(0 x85);hour=(ReadValue&0 x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0

15、 x0F);ReadValue = ReadSet1302(0 x87);day=(ReadValue&0 x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0 x0F);ReadValue = ReadSet1302(0 x89);month=(ReadValue&0 x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0 x0F);ReadValue = ReadSet1302(0 x8d);year=(ReadValue&0 x70)4)*10 + (ReadValue&0 x0F);ReadValue=ReadSet1302(0 x8b); /week=ReadValue&0 x07;Displ

16、aySecond(second);DisplayMinute(minute);DisplayHour(hour);DisplayDay(day);DisplayMonth(month);DisplayYear(year);DisplayWeek(week);void turn_val(char newval,uchar flag,uchar newaddr,uchar s1num)讀星期newval=ReadSet1302(newaddr);/讀取當前時間newval=(newval&0 x70)4)*10+(newval&0 x0f); /將bcd碼轉換成十進制if(flag) /判斷是加一

17、還是減一newval+;switch(s1num) case 1: if(newval99) newval=0;DisplayYear(newval);break;case 2: if(newval12) newval=1;DisplayMonth(newval);break;case 3: if(newval31) newval=1;DisplayDay(newval);break;case 4: if(newval6) newval=0;DisplayWeek(newval);break;case 5: if(newval23) newval=0;DisplayHour(newval);b

18、reak;case 6: if(newval59) newval=0;DisplayMinute(newval);break;case 7: if(newval59) newval=0;DisplaySecond(newval);break;default:break;elsenewval-;switch(s1num) case 1: if(newval=0) newval=99;DisplayYear(newval);break;case 2: if(newval=0) newval=12;DisplayMonth(newval);break;case 3: if(newval=0) new

19、val=31;DisplayDay(newval);break;case 4: if(newval0) newval=6;DisplayWeek(newval);break;case 5: if(newval0) newval=23;DisplayHour(newval);break;case 6: if(newval0) newval=59;DisplayMinute(newval);break;case 7: if(newval0) newval=59;DisplaySecond(newval);break;default:break;WriteSet1302(newaddr-1),(ne

20、wval/10)4)|(newval%10); /數(shù)據(jù)寫入寄存器/鍵盤掃描程序/*void key_scan(void) uchar miao,s1num=0;if(menu=0)delay(5);if(menu=0)while(!menu);s1num+;將新if(add=0)while(1)if(menu=0)delay(5);if(menu=0)while(!menu);s1num+;rd=0;miao=ReadSet1302(0 x81);second=miao;WriteSet1302(0 x80,miao|0 x80);write_com(0 x0f);/光標閃射if(s1num=

21、1) year=ReadSet1302(0 x8d);write_com(0 x80+4); /年光標if(add=0)delay(3);if(add=0) while(!add);turn_val(year,1,0 x8d,1);if(dec=0)delay(3);if(dec=0) while(!dec); turn_val(year,0,0 x8d,1);if(s1num=2)month=ReadSet1302(0 x89);write_com(0 x80+7); /月光標if(add=0)delay(3); while(!add);if(dec=0)turn_val(month,1,0

22、 x89,2);if(dec=0)delay(3);if(dec=0) while(!dec);turn_val(month,0,0 x89,2);if(s1num=3) day=ReadSet1302(0 x87); write_com(0 x80+10);/if(add=0)delay(3);if(add=0) while(!add);turn_val(day,1,0 x87,3);日光標delay(3);if(dec=0) while(!dec);turn_val(day,0,0 x87,3);if(s1num=4) week=ReadSet1302(0 x8b);write_com(0 x80+14); /星期光標if(add=0)delay(3);if(add=0) while(!add);turn_val(week,1,0 x8b,4);if(dec=0)delay(3);if(dec=0) while(!dec);turn_val(week,0,0 x8b,4);/寫入日寄存器if(s1num=5) hour=ReadSet1302(0 x85);write_com(0 x80+0 x40+3); /if(add=0)delay(3);if(add=0) while