初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表一

1、初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表一(中考必考語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容）(2010-03-23 15:12:19) 根據(jù)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及時(shí)編輯此表，供廣大同仁及學(xué)生使用，如有不妥，希望及時(shí)提出。同時(shí)衷心感謝此表原著者）此表為中考命題教師重要的參考內(nèi)容。加“*”號(hào)的項(xiàng)目只要求理解，是八級(jí)要求即對(duì)高考的要求,中考不單獨(dú)拿出來(lái)考，但要理解這些知識(shí)的意思。括號(hào)中的內(nèi)容是筆者對(duì)大家的提示1. (學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)務(wù)必掌握所學(xué)詞匯的詞性，對(duì)待各類(lèi)詞匯，大家一定要明確其最基本的位置與用法)詞類(lèi)：1）名詞 2）形容詞 3）副詞 4）動(dòng)詞 5）代詞 6）冠詞 7）數(shù)詞 8）介詞 9）連詞 10）感嘆詞（最近幾年沒(méi)有專(zhuān)門(mén)單獨(dú)考查，能掌握會(huì)用最好。

2、一定要理解，初步用法要會(huì)，不要深究）2. 構(gòu)詞法：（用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空） 1）合成法 classroom, something, reading-room 2）派生法 worker, drawing, quickly, careful, kindness, cloudy, unhappy 3）轉(zhuǎn)化法 hand （n.）hand （v.） dry （adj.）dry （v.）3. 名詞 1）可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 2）名詞的復(fù)數(shù) 3）專(zhuān)有名詞 4）所有格4. 代詞 1）人稱(chēng)代詞的主格和賓格形式 2）物主代詞的形容詞與名詞性形式 3）反身代詞 myself, himself, ourselves

3、, etc. 4）指示代詞 this, that, these, those 5）不定代詞 some, any, no, ,few,many ,something ,nobody etc. 6）疑問(wèn)代詞 what, who, whose, which, etc.5. 數(shù)詞 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞6. 介詞 詞匯表中所列介詞的基本用法7. 連詞 詞匯表中所列連詞的基本用法.8. 形容詞 1）作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的基本用法 2）比較等級(jí) （原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)）的基本用法 （1）構(gòu)成 -er, -est; more, the most （2）基本句型 as原級(jí)形式as. not as （so）原級(jí)形式

4、as. 比較級(jí)形式than. the最高級(jí)形式.in （of）.9. 副詞 1）表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度等的基本用法 2）疑問(wèn)副詞when, where, how 3）比較等級(jí) （原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)） （1）構(gòu)成 -er, -est; more, the most （2）基本句型 as原級(jí)形式as. not as （so）原級(jí)形式as. 比較級(jí)形式than. the最高級(jí)形式.in （of）.(另外，一定要注意我們常見(jiàn)的副詞主要是1.修飾動(dòng)詞的副詞，主要以ly結(jié)尾；2.修飾形容詞及其他副詞的副詞，如：very,quite,rather,so,really etc.)10. 冠詞 一般用法.

5、(主要明確并運(yùn)用不定冠詞a an 兩詞的區(qū)別用法)初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表二(中考必考語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容）(2010-03-23 15:20:08) 轉(zhuǎn)載分類(lèi)： 中考復(fù)習(xí) 11. 動(dòng)詞 1）動(dòng)詞種類(lèi)“一個(gè)句子或者表示動(dòng)作（用行為動(dòng)詞）或者表示狀態(tài)（非動(dòng)作就是狀態(tài)，狀態(tài)的情況常用系動(dòng)詞及名詞或形容詞或介詞詞組或表狀態(tài)的副詞等表示） （1）行為動(dòng)詞或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞 （表動(dòng)作） 1及物動(dòng)詞 （后面能直接接賓語(yǔ)的行為動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)是指動(dòng)作的承受者） 2不及物動(dòng)詞 （后面不能接賓語(yǔ)，如想接賓語(yǔ)需加相應(yīng)的介詞） （2）連系動(dòng)詞 be,及 look, turn, get, become, smell, sound,feel,

6、seem ,keep,stay .etc.除be以外的系動(dòng)詞之句子變化和一般的行為動(dòng)詞的句子變化一樣，不能直接在該詞身上變化）（表示狀態(tài)） （3）助動(dòng)詞 be, do, have, shall, will, etc.（助動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)使用，需要和行為動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞或其它詞的適當(dāng)形式連用） （4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can, may, must, need（該詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法常出現(xiàn)在否定句及疑問(wèn)句）, etc.（后接行為動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞的原形。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)使用） 2）時(shí)態(tài) （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) I get up at six oclock every morning. He doesnt speak Russia

7、n. They are very busy. The moon moves round the earth. When you see him, tell him to come to my place. Ill go to see you tonight if Im free.(指if引導(dǎo)的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。這樣的詞還有when,while,until,as soon as,after,before .etc.) （2）一般過(guò)去時(shí) I was in Grade One last year. I got up at five yesterday. （3）一般將來(lái)時(shí) 1. shall

8、（will）動(dòng)詞原形(第一人稱(chēng)I及we做主語(yǔ)時(shí)可用shall代替will) (shall 還用于第一人稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)的建議句子中) I shall （will）go to your school tomorrow afternoon. She will be here tomorrow. There will(is going to) a sports meeting next month. 2. be going to動(dòng)詞原形 Im going to help him. （4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) Were reading the text now. Theyre waiting for a bus. （5

9、）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) I have already posted the letter. They have lived here for ten years. （6）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) We were having a meeting this time yesterday. The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表三(中考必考語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容）(2010-03-23 15:24:05) 轉(zhuǎn)載*（7）過(guò)去完成時(shí) We had learned four English songs by the end of last yea

10、r. The film had already begun when I got to the cinema. She said that she had not heard from him since he left Beijing. *（8）過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) He said he would go to the cinema that evening. Betty said she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday. 3）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) （1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) English is taught in that school. （2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被

11、動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The song was written by that worker. （3）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) She must be sent to hospital at once. 4）動(dòng)詞不定式 （1）作主語(yǔ) To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. （2）作賓語(yǔ) They began to read. We find it interesting to studying English.(it 是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式) （3）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

12、 Jim asked me to help him with his lessons. We often heard her sing.（不加to） （4）作定語(yǔ) I have an important meeting to attend. （5）作狀語(yǔ) She went to see her grandma yesterday. （6）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后 I dont know how to use a computer. Do you know when to start? He didnt know what to do next.12.

13、 句子種類(lèi) 1）陳述句 （肯定式和否定式） 2）疑問(wèn)句“一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、反意疑問(wèn)句（該問(wèn)句不做深度要求）” 3）祈使句 （肯定式和否定式） *4）感嘆句13. 句子成份（理解句子成分會(huì)用即可） 1）主語(yǔ) Betty likes her new bike. He gets up early every day. To learn a foreign language is not easy. 2）謂語(yǔ) We work hard. The boy caught a bird. He is my brother. They all look fine. 3）表語(yǔ) Her sist

14、er is a nurse. Its me. Im ready. He got angry. We were at home last night. His cup is broken. 4）賓語(yǔ) Tom bought a story-book. I saw him yesterday. He wanted to have a cup of tea. 5）直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ) He gave me some ink. Our teacher told us an interesting story. *6）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) Call her Xiao Li. You must keep the roo

15、m clean. John asked me to help him. 7）定語(yǔ) This is a green jeep. This is an apple tree. Are these students your classmates? Winter is the coldest season of the year. I have something to tell you. 8）狀語(yǔ) You are quite right. She will arrive in Beijing on Monday. He stopped to have a look.14. 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型 第

16、一種 主語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ) （SVP） The bike is new. The map is on the wall. 第二種 主語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞 （SV） He swims. 第三種 主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ) （SVO） Children often sing this song. 第四種 主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)（SVIODO） She showed her friends all her pictures. 第五種 主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（SVOC） We keep our classroom clean and tidy.15. 并列句 He likes maths, but he need

17、s help. I help him and he helps me.16. 復(fù)合句 1）賓語(yǔ)從句 He said （that）he felt sick. I dont know whether （if）she still works in the factory. I take back what I said. I cant tell who is there. Can you tell me where the Summer Palace is? 2）狀語(yǔ)從句 The train had left when I got to the station. Ill go with you to the cinema this afternoon if Im free. The students went to the farm because the farmers needed some help. The earth is bigger than the moon. He was so tired