高一英語狀語從句基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)整理

1、英語必修3狀語從句基礎(chǔ)知識過關(guān)狀語從句： 指句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語或整個句子。根據(jù)其作用可分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引起。從句位于句首或句中時通常用逗號與主句隔開，位于句尾時可以不用逗號隔開。 一、時間狀語從句 要點: 時間狀語從句，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在時間狀語從句中，要注意時態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)

2、在時。1.when當(dāng)。的時候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2.while當(dāng)。時 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.3.as在。的同時；一邊。一邊。He smiled as he stood up.4.after在。之后He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.5.before 在。之前Mr. Brown had worked in a bank f

3、or a year before he came here.6.as soon as 一。就。We began to work as soon as we got there.I will write to you as soon as I get home.7.since 自。以來 到現(xiàn)在表示自過去的一個起點時間到目前(說話時間)為止的一段持續(xù)時間。主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。Mr. Green has taught in that school since he came to china three years ago.(還可以用作介詞，本句從句還可以用短語：since th

4、ree years ago(自三年前以來)表示。)8 till /until都可以作連詞，連接時間狀語，也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。They walked till /until it was dark./ Xiao Ming didnt leave home till / until his father came back.9. by the time 到。為止 (所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時)By the time he gets there , his father has already gone. / By the time I got to school, th

5、e class had already began.難點as .when .while的辨析as .when. while都表示主、從句動作同時發(fā)生，三者差異如下：表示“一邊。一邊的意思as 強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行，并表示對比時用于發(fā)生時間較段時:when 1、還可以表示從句動詞的動作在主幾句動詞的動作之前 或之后發(fā)生。2、whenand then; at that moment (正在那個時候) 2 / 10while 1、用于時間較長時 2、 強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行，并表示對比時有時這三個連詞可以互換，有時不可以。It was raining hard when (as) I got ther

6、e.( 動作同時發(fā)生，when可換為as, 但不能換為while，因為get是點動詞.)When I had read the article, he called me. ( 從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時態(tài)表達，只能用when ) / When I got to the cinema, the film had begun. (從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時態(tài)) / He was about to leave, when the telephone rang. ( 此時不能放在句首。主句動詞一般表達 “正在” “即將”.while, as不能代替 ) 考點 : She

7、 thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (while表轉(zhuǎn)折，對比，when, as都不能代替它) 考點While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.外星人買紀(jì)念品時，那女孩給警察打了電話。(表示主句，從句的動作同時發(fā)生，while后引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動詞必須是延續(xù)動詞不能是點動詞，因為它表示較長時間)考點Mother was worried because little

8、 Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away. (此時as ,when, while可通用)知識擴展1. it is since從。以來多長時間了(因為since +從句或名詞，表示一段時間)It is five years since we met last time.2. it is +before(。才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again.過了很長時間我才睡著。 It was an hour before(until) the police arrive

9、d.過了一個小時，警察才來。二、條件狀語從句要點： 表示條件狀語從句由連詞if, unless (=if not) 引導(dǎo)。1. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.2. You will get good grades if you study hard.3. I will go to the party unless he goes there too.4. You will be late unless you leave immediately.(=if you dont leave immediately, you will be

10、 late.)難點提示：用條件狀語從句時要注意時態(tài)的正確使用,當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時.He will not leave if it isnt fine tomorrow.一般將來時， 一般現(xiàn)在時They are going to have a picnic if it doesnt rain next week.一般將來時, 一般現(xiàn)在時 考點三、原因狀語從句要點: 由連詞because, since, as引導(dǎo), 也可由for, now that 等詞引導(dǎo)1. I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill.2. Since

11、 everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.4. I asked her to stay to tea, for i had something to tell her.難點because , since , as , for,辨析在語氣上，because 最重, 表示的是直接理由,回答why 時只能用它. 其次是since, as ,一般不表示原因, 而是表明理由, 進一步說明.(譯為：由于，既然). for 被認(rèn)為是復(fù)合句的并列連詞(

12、常用于推斷),表示理由.四、地點狀語從句要點: 由連詞where和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞wherever (=no matter where )引導(dǎo).知識擴展1. Where there is a will , there is a way.(諺語)1. It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled. (在限定性定語從句中對限先行詞起限定作用。)2. Wherever you go, I go too. (wherever=no matter where)無論何處，多用于句首。3. Wherever there is smo

13、ke, there is fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。(諺語)4. While she was wondering where to go, she met a policeman. 疑問副詞where后跟不定式,構(gòu)成不定式短語. 考點五、目的，結(jié)果狀語從句要點： 目的狀語從句由連詞that, so that, sothat , in order that 引導(dǎo)。結(jié)果狀語從句由連詞( so )that, sothat, suchthat, so much/manythat引導(dǎo)。1.sothat 如此以至于The scientists report was so instructive that we

14、 were all very excited.He always studied so hard that he made great progress.2.so that 以至, 以便Ill run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的) I opened the window so that fresh air might come in. (目的)3. suchthat 如此。以至 Its such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.4.in order that=so

15、 that:為了 We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements. (目的)難點 : So+形容詞或副詞such+形+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so +many 或few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +thatso+much或 little+不可數(shù)名詞 So that ,suchthat 都可以in order that兩者皆可引導(dǎo)目的地狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句，當(dāng)他們引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，從句的謂語里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次。 (

16、見例句 2, 5 ) so +adj./adv.+ that， such +n.+ that 以上兩種句型都表示結(jié)果,其中so為副詞,后接形容詞，副詞原型，當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有many, few；不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little修飾時，應(yīng)采用句型：so many (few, much, little )+n. 。 such為形容詞, 后只能接名詞。這名詞既可以地可數(shù)的，也可以是不可數(shù)的。如果這名詞是可數(shù),單數(shù),則必須在名詞前敬愛冠詞a(an). 常見的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people. The weather is so nice t

17、hat Id like to take a walk. / Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.(=mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.) 考點There are so few notebooks that i cant give you any. / It is such nice weather that Id like to take a walk. 考點六、讓步狀語從句要點: 表示讓步的狀語從句由連詞 though, although引導(dǎo).難點：though,

18、although當(dāng)雖然講, 都不能和but連用. although,(though)but的格式是不對的.但是他們都可以同yet (still) 連用. 所以thought (although)yet(still)的格式是正確的.Although he is rich but he is not happy.() Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.()Although we have grown up, our parents treat us as children. ()Although we have grown up, our paren

19、ts still treat us as children. ()although, though 辨析although 不能though 那樣用作副詞, 放在句末表示強調(diào)時要用even though.He is looking fit, though. 考點Even though I didnt under a word, I kept smiling. / He is quite experienced, he is young, though.七、比較狀語從句要點：比較狀語從句主要運用于形容詞和副詞的原級，比較級及最高級的句子之中。 原級1. asas 和。一樣Jack is as ta

20、ll as bob. 2. not so(as)as 和不一樣She is not so(as)outgoing as her sister.比較級morethan (更 ) This book is more instructive than that one.最高級1.the mostin/of This book is the most interesting of the three. 2. the + 形容詞+estof/in This road is the busiest street in our city. 知識擴展no more than只不過(嫌少的意思)I have n

21、o more than two pens.我只有兩支筆。Its no more than a mile to the shops.去商店不過一英里。not more than不如。；(前者不如后者)Jack is not more diligent than john.捷克不如約翰勤奮。 one of the + 名詞(復(fù)數(shù)).之一(用于最高級)John is one of the best students in our school. 練習(xí)一、用when , while ,as soon as, notuntil 填空1. The car hit the man _ he was cros

22、sing the road.2. Ill tell you the good news_ I get there.3. He _ go to bed _11oclock last night.4. The accident happened _ I was on my way to work.5. Sports build the body_ reading builds the mind.6. I used to be rather quite_ I was young.二、用although , though, however填空1. They got to the airport on

23、time_ the traffic was bad.2. We had a wonderful time _ the food was terrible.3. Some people think winter is a bad season. _, for me its a good time because I like cold, rainy weather.三、用because, since, so that, if填空1._ were young, we shouldnt be too afraid of making mistakes.2. The weather was _ nic

24、e _ I spent the whole day in the park.3. He couldnt come to your party_ he was ill.4._ I were you, I would wear that earrings.四、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞1. I havent heard from him _ he went to America.2. He wont be here _ he is invited.3. He will not go to the cinema _ he is very busy.4. We found the key _ she had l

25、eft it.5. We found the books two days _ he had gone away.6. We had no sooner got to the station _ the train left.7. He speaks English _ he were an Englishman.8. He is explaining clearly _ they could understand.9. Do not leave the room _ you have finished the test.10. She sang _ she went along.五、 改錯1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can.2. Since her husband had died，so she had to support her family.3. He wont g