基于AT89S52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈設(shè)計實訓(xùn)報告

1、實訓(xùn)課題 基于at89s52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈設(shè)計一、 實訓(xùn)目的及要求(1) 通過實訓(xùn)，理解與掌握單片機系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)流程及常見系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)設(shè)計、仿真調(diào)試等，培養(yǎng)一定的單片機設(shè)計與開發(fā)能力。(2)掌握按鍵電路的設(shè)計。(3)掌握單片機復(fù)位電路和晶振電路的工作原理及設(shè)計。(4)掌握和了解+5v電源原理設(shè)計。(5)了解單片機c語言及程序設(shè)計。(6)對keil c51和proteus 7軟件進(jìn)行熟練的掌握和操作。二、 實訓(xùn)設(shè)備和元器件裝有proteus、keil c軟件的pc機一臺， at89s52單片機一塊，12mhz晶振，電容，電解電容，電阻，16個發(fā)光二級管，按鍵，三極管，74ls245集成塊

2、，led數(shù)碼管，+5v電源，印制板。三、 實訓(xùn)任務(wù)及功能要求(1)有16個發(fā)光二極管做跑馬燈，其中跑馬燈有10種亮燈模式。(2)有專門的按鍵用以切換跑馬燈的模式，并且對于任何一種跑馬燈模式都可以對亮燈速度進(jìn)行控制。(3)每一種跑馬燈模式用led數(shù)碼管進(jìn)行顯示。(4)當(dāng)跑馬燈處于一種模式時，伴隨的音樂響起，音樂至少有3首，并可以對其進(jìn)行切換。四、 系統(tǒng)硬件電路 1、系統(tǒng)硬件框圖基于at89s52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈控制系統(tǒng)由電源電路、單片機主控電路、模式切換以及調(diào)速按鍵控制電路、led數(shù)碼管顯示電路和16個發(fā)光二級管的跑馬燈電路幾部分組成，系統(tǒng)框圖如圖1-1所示： 電源電路at89s1單片

3、機復(fù)位電路晶振電路led數(shù)碼管顯示電路16個發(fā)光二極管做跑馬燈模式切換按鍵以及速度調(diào)節(jié)按鍵 圖1-1 基于at89s52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈控制系統(tǒng)框圖2、系統(tǒng)電路原理圖本項目用at89s52單片機的p1，p2口分別控制8個跑馬燈，而p3口與led數(shù)碼管相連，音樂采用蜂鳴器接p2.6輸出，p2.1接模式鍵切換按鍵，p2.4和p2.5分別接跑馬燈加速和減速按鍵，在音樂播放時加速與減速按鍵可以控制音樂的切換。綜上所述，可設(shè)計出基于at89s52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈，電路原理圖如圖1-2所示：圖1-2 基于at89s52單片機的多模式帶音樂跑馬燈原理圖五、 系統(tǒng)控制軟件1、控制流程圖該程

4、序采用兩個程序編寫：第一個為單片機主程序，作用是使單片機完成相應(yīng)上電功能；第二個為音樂產(chǎn)生程序，在第一個程序中包含第二個程序的頭文件。程序流程圖如圖1-3所示：ynnyi/o初始化模式鍵被按下？模式加1，等于9？送led與跑馬燈開始結(jié)束播放音樂yynn設(shè)定跑馬燈初速檢查按鍵開關(guān)減少時間，使跑馬燈加速增加時間，使跑馬燈減速led跑馬燈加速鍵被按下？減速減被按下？(a)主程序 (b) 音樂產(chǎn)生程序圖1-3 程序流程圖2、系統(tǒng)源程序（c或匯編）#include <reg52.h>#include <soundplay.h>unsigned char runmode;void

5、delay1ms (unsigned int count) unsigned int i,j; for(i=0;j<count;i+) for(j=0;j<1200;j+);unsigned char code leddisplaycode= 0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8, 0x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xc6,0xa1,0x86,0x8e, 0xff;void display(unsigned char value) p3=leddisplaycodevalue; void ledflash(unsigned char

6、 count) unsigned char i; bit flag; for(i=0;i<count;i+) flag=!flag; if(flag) display(runmode); else display(0x10); delay1ms(100); display(runmode); unsigned char getkey(void) unsigned char keytemp,checkvalue,key=0x00; checkvalue=p2&0x32; if(checkvalue=0x32) return 0x00; delay1ms(10); keytemp=p

7、2&0x32; if(keytemp=checkvalue) return 0x00; if(!(checkvalue&0x02) key |=0x01 ; if(!(checkvalue&0x10) key |=0x02 ; if(!(checkvalue&0x20) key |=0x04; return key;unsigned int timer0count,systemspeed,systemspeedindex;void initialtimer2(void) t2con=0x00; th2=rcap2h=0xfc; et2=1; tr2=1; ea=

8、1;unsigned int code speedcode=1,2,3,5,8,10,14,17,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,120,140,160,180,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1000;void setspeed(unsigned char speed) systemspeed=speedcodespeed;void ledshow(unsigned int ledstatus) p1= (ledstatus&0x00ff); p0= (ledstatus>>8)&0x00ff);void i

9、nitialcpu(void) runmode=0x00; timer0count=0; systemspeedindex=22; p1=0x00; p0=0x00; p2=0xff; p3=0x00; delay1ms(500); p1=0xff; p0=0xff; p2=0xff; p3=0xff; setspeed(systemspeedindex); display(runmode);unsigned int ledindex=0;bit leddirection=1,ledflag=1;void mode_0(void) ledshow(0x0001<<ledindex)

10、; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_1(void) ledshow(0x8000>>ledindex); ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_2(void) if(leddirection) ledshow(0x0001<<ledindex); else ledshow(0x8000>>ledindex); if(ledindex=15) leddirection=!leddirection; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_3(void) if(l

11、eddirection) ledshow(0x0001<<ledindex); else ledshow(0x8000>>ledindex); if(ledindex=15) leddirection = !leddirection; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_4(void) if(leddirection) if(ledflag) ledshow(0xfffe<<ledindex); else ledshow(0x7fff>>ledindex);else if(ledflag) ledshow(0x7

12、fff>>ledindex); else ledshow(0xfffe<<ledindex);if(ledindex=15) leddirection=!leddirection; if(leddirection) ledflag=!ledflag;ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_5(void) if(leddirection) ledshow(0x000f<<ledindex); else ledshow(0xf000>>ledindex); if(ledindex=15) leddirection = !

13、leddirection; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_6(void) if(leddirection) ledshow(0x000f<<ledindex); else ledshow(0xf000>>ledindex); if(ledindex=15)leddirection=!leddirection; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%16;void mode_7(void) if(leddirection) ledshow(0x003f<<ledindex); else ledshow(0xfc00

14、>>ledindex); if(ledindex=9) leddirection=!leddirection; ledindex=(ledindex+1)%10;void mode_8(void) ledshow(+ledindex);void timer0eventrun(void) if(runmode=0x00) mode_0( ); else if(runmode=0x01) mode_1(); else if(runmode=0x02) mode_2(); else if(runmode=0x03) mode_3();else if(runmode=0x04) mode_

15、4(); else if(runmode=0x05) mode_5(); else if(runmode=0x06) mode_6(); else if(runmode=0x07) mode_7(); else if(runmode=0x08) mode_8();void timer2(void) interrupt 5 using 3 tf2=0; if(+timer0count>=systemspeed) timer0count=0; timer0eventrun(); unsigned char musicindex=0;void keydispose(unsigned char

16、key) if(key&0x01) leddirection=1; ledindex=0; ledflag=1; runmode=(runmode+1)%10; display(runmode); if(runmode=0x09) tr2=0; else tr2=1; if(key&0x02) if(runmode=0x09)musicindex=(musicindex+musicnumber-1)%musicnumber; else if(systemspeedindex>0) -systemspeedindex; setspeed(systemspeedindex);

17、 elseledflash(6); if(key&0x04) if(runmode=0x09|0x08|0x07|0x06|0x05|0x04|0x03|0x02|0x01|0x00) musicindex=(musicindex+1)%musicnumber; else if(systemspeedindex<28) +systemspeedindex; setspeed(systemspeedindex); elseledflash(6); unsigned char code music_girl= 0x17,0x02, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x19

18、,0x02, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x02, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x15,0x02, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x02, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x02, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1b,0x

19、03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1f,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x20,0x02, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x20,0x03, 0x21,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03,

20、 0x1f,0x66, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x1a,0x66, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x66, 0x17,0x04, 0x18,0x04, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x20,0x03, 0x21,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x1f,0x03, 0x

21、1b,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x1a,0x66, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x00, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x17,0x03, 0x15,0x17, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x04, 0x18,0x0e, 0x18,

22、0x03, 0x17,0x04, 0x18,0x0e, 0x18,0x66, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x20,0x02, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x20,0x03, 0x21,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x1f,0x04, 0x1b,0x0e, 0x1b,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x1a,0x66, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x0

23、3, 0x15,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x66, 0x17,0x04, 0x18,0x04, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x20,0x03, 0x21,0x03, 0x20,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x66, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x1a,0x66, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1f,0x03,

24、0x1b,0x03, 0x1f,0x00, 0x18,0x02, 0x18,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x0d, 0x15,0x03, 0x15,0x02, 0x18,0x66, 0x16,0x02, 0x17,0x02, 0x15,0x00, 0x00,0x00;unsigned char code music_same= 0x0f,0x01, 0x15,0x02, 0x16,0x02, 0x17,0x66, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x02, 0x15,0x02, 0x16,0x01, 0x15,0x02, 0x10,0x02, 0x15,0x00, 0x0f,0

25、x01, 0x15,0x02, 0x16,0x02, 0x17,0x02, 0x17,0x03, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x15,0x02, 0x18,0x66, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x00, 0x17,0x01, 0x19,0x02, 0x1b,0x02, 0x1b,0x70, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x01, 0x19,0x02, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1b,0x02, 0x1a,0x0d, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x00, 0x18,0x66

26、, 0x18,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x1a,0x02, 0x19,0x0c, 0x18,0x0d, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x01, 0x11,0x02, 0x11,0x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x0f,0x0c, 0x10,0x02, 0x15,0x00, 0x1f,0x01, 0x1a,0x01, 0x18,0x66, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x01, 0x1b,0x02, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1b,0x0c, 0x1a,0x0d, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x00, 0x1f,0x01, 0x1a,0x01, 0

27、x18,0x66, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x01, 0x10,0x02, 0x10,0x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x1a,0x0c, 0x18,0x0d, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x00, 0x0f,0x01, 0x15,0x02, 0x16,0x02, 0x17,0x70, 0x18,0x03, 0x17,0x02, 0x15,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x66, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x02, 0x10,0x01, 0x11,0x01, 0x11,0x66, 0x10

28、,0x03, 0x1f,0x0c, 0x1a,0x02, 0x19,0x02, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x18,0x66, 0x18,0x03, 0x18,0x02, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x19,0x00, 0x00,0x00;unsigned char code music_two= 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x01, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x01, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x16,0x0d, 0x17,0x03,

29、0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x10,0x0e, 0x15,0x04, 0x1f,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x01, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x01, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x16,0x0d, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x01, 0x16,0x03, 0x1

30、7,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x01, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x16,0x0d, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x10,0x0e, 0x15,0x04, 0x0f,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x01, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x01, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x02, 0x16,0x0d, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x15,0

31、x03, 0x10,0x03, 0x10,0x0d, 0x15,0x00, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x17,0x0d, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x0d, 0x17,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x02, 0x1a,0x02, 0x10,0x03, 0x17,0x0d, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03

32、, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x02, 0x1f,0x02, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x0e, 0x1b,0x04, 0x17,0x02, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x0e, 0x1b,0x04, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x0d, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x01, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1f,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0

33、x17,0x0d, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1a,0x02, 0x1a,0x02, 0x10,0x03, 0x17,0x0d, 0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x01, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x1f,0x02, 0x1b,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x0e, 0x1b,0x04, 0x17,0x02, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a

34、,0x0e, 0x1b,0x04, 0x17,0x16, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x03, 0x1a,0x0e, 0x1b,0x04, 0x1a,0x03, 0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x1f,0x02, 0x10,0x03, 0x15,0x00, 0x00,0x00;unsigned char*selectmusic (unsigned char soundindex) unsigned char*musicaddress=0; switch (soundindex) case 0x00:musicaddress=&music_gir

35、l0; break; case 0x01:musicaddress=&music_same0; break; case 0x02:musicaddress=&music_two0; break; case 0x03:break; case 0x04:break; case 0x05:break; case 0x06:break; case 0x07:break; case 0x08:break; case 0x09:break; default:break;return musicaddress;void playmusic(void) delay1ms(200);play(s

36、electmusic(musicindex),0,3,360);main( )unsigned char key;initialcpu();initialsound();initialtimer2();while(1)key=getkey();if(runmode=0x09) playmusic(); if(key!=0x00) keydispose(key); 音樂產(chǎn)生程序清單如下：#ifndef _soundplay_h_revision_first_#define _soundplay_h_revision_first_#define system_osc 6000000#define

37、sound_space 4/5#define musicnumber 3sbit beepio=p26;extern void ledshow(unsigned int ledstatus);extern unsigned char getkey(void);extern void keydispose(unsigned char key);extern void delay1ms(unsigned int count);extern unsigned char musicindex;unsigned int code fretab12=262,277,294,311,330,349,369,

38、392,415,440,466,494;unsigned char code signtab7=0,2,4,5,7,9,11;unsigned char code lengthtab7=1,2,4,8,16,32,64;unsigned char sound_temp_th0,sound_temp_tl0;unsigned char sound_temp_th1,sound_temp_tl1;void initialsound(void) beepio=0; sound_temp_th1=(65535-(1/1200)*system_osc)/256; sound_temp_tl1=(6553

39、5-(1/1200)*system_osc)%256; th1=sound_temp_th1; tl1=sound_temp_tl1; tmod|=0x11; et0=1; et1=0; tr0=0; tr1=0; ea=1;void beeptimer0(void) interrupt 1beepio=!beepio;th0=sound_temp_th0;tl0=sound_temp_tl0;void play(unsigned char*sound,unsigned char signature,unsigned octachord,unsigned int speed)unsigned

40、int newfretab12;unsignedchar i,j;unsignedintpoint,ldiv,ldiv0,ldiv1,ldiv2,ldiv4,currentfre,temp_t,soundlength;unsigned char tone,length,sl,sh,sm,slen,xg,fd,key,ledflash,offset;for(i=0;i<12;i+)j=i+signature;if(j>11)j=j-12;newfretabi=fretabj*2;elsenewfretabi=fretabj;if(octachord=1)newfretabi>&

41、gt;=2;else if(octachord=3)newfretabi<<=2; soundlength=0;while(soundsoundlength!=0x00) soundlength+=2;point=0;tone=soundpoint;length=soundpoint+1;ldiv0=12000/speed;ldiv4=ldiv0/4;ldiv4=ldiv4-ldiv4*sound_space;tr0=0;tr1=1;while(point<soundlength) sl=tone%10; sm=tone/10%10; sh=tone/100; ledflas

42、h=sm*(sl/2)+1)+2; ledshow(0xfffe<<ledflash); offset=2; currentfre=newfretabsigntabsl-1+sh;if(sl!=0) if(sm=1)currentfre>>=2; if(sm=3)currentfre<<=2; temp_t=65536-(50000/currentfre)*10/(12000000/system_osc); sound_temp_th0=temp_t/256; sound_temp_tl0=temp_t%256; th0=sound_temp_th0; tl

43、0=sound_temp_tl0+6; slen=lengthtablength%10; xg=length/10%10; fd=length/100; ldiv=ldiv0/slen; if(fd=1) ldiv=ldiv+ldiv/2; if(xg!=1) if(xg=0) if(slen<=4) ldiv1=ldiv-ldiv4; else ldiv1=ldiv*sound_space; else ldiv1=ldiv/2; else ldiv1=ldiv; if(sl=0)ldiv1=0; ldiv2 = ldiv-ldiv1; if(sl!=0) tr0=1; for(i=ld

44、iv1;i>0;i-) offset=(offset+1)%5; ledshow(0xfffe<<(ledflash+offset-2); while(tf1=0) key=getkey(); if(key!=0x00) keydispose(key); tr0=0; tr1=0; beepio=0; return; th1=sound_temp_th1; tl1=sound_temp_tl1; tf1=0; if(ldiv2!=0) tr0=0; beepio=0; for(i=ldiv2;i>0;i-) offset=(offset+1)%5; ledshow(0x

45、fffe<<(ledflash+offset-2); while(tf1=0) key=getkey(); if(key!=0x00) keydispose(key); tr0=0; tr1=0; beepio=0; return; th1=sound_temp_th1; tl1=sound_temp_tl1; tf1=0; point+=2;tone=soundpoint;length=soundpoint+1;beepio=0;musicindex=(musicindex+1)%musicnumber;ledshow(0x0001);delay1ms(300);#endif六、 系統(tǒng)仿真、調(diào)試及運行1、proteus的使用及系統(tǒng)仿真圖(1) 打開proteus軟件應(yīng)用。(2) 在應(yīng)用頁面中選擇元件模式，并在該模式中單擊“p”按鈕，打開后在“關(guān)鍵字”欄中輸入所需元件名稱，并添加到方框列表中。添加到方框中。如圖1-4所示：圖1-4 單擊p按鈕查找所需元器件(3) 在頁面