模塊三unit3基礎(chǔ)梳理

1、基礎(chǔ)梳理·授之以漁.詞匯與派生a 聯(lián)想記憶法1decorate vt.裝飾，裝潢decorate . .用裝飾2researcher n研究者，調(diào)查者do research .研究3powerful adj.強(qiáng)有力的 ones power超出某人的權(quán)力4fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的 ones fortune發(fā)財(cái)5aware adj.意識(shí)到的；知道的，察覺(jué)到的be aware 意識(shí)到6basis n基礎(chǔ)；基準(zhǔn)；原因be based 以為基礎(chǔ)7judge n法官，審判員；裁判員judging 根據(jù)判斷8trial n審訊，審理；試驗(yàn)；考驗(yàn) trial在審判9ahead adv.(時(shí)

2、間、空間)在前面；提前，預(yù)先；領(lǐng)先ahead        time提前 10declare vt.宣布，宣稱(chēng)declare 表態(tài)反對(duì)b 構(gòu)詞記憶法1civilization n文明 adj.文明的；開(kāi)化的2wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的 n財(cái)富3gradually adv.漸漸地，逐漸地 adj.逐漸的4cultural adj.文化的 n文化5remains n遺物，遺跡，遺骸 v仍然；留下6expression n表達(dá)；表情，神色 v表達(dá)；表示7educate vt.教育 n教育8poison n毒藥，毒物；vt.毒害，

3、下毒 adj.有毒的c 語(yǔ)境助記法the sailor tom made a fortune by dealing in wood and leather.five years ago, he complained about his low salary and resigned his job.after many trials and researches, he gradually found the way to make money.recently he declared he would donate the majority of his wealth to the soci

4、ety.he is the glory to his family.學(xué)情自測(cè)用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1he gave an (express) shudder(戰(zhàn)栗) when asked to hold the snake.2what shall we do for the (remain) half hour?3you have to accept his (judge) on the matter.4 (fortune), he was able to play.5recent events are a (power) argument for gun control.6the co

5、untry enjoys a rich and diverse (culture) life.7interpreters should be highly (educate) as well as fluent.8dad was putting up the christmas (decorate)9were you (aware) that something was wrong?10they have discovered human (remain).短語(yǔ)與拓展1take 奪??；接管take 呈現(xiàn)2in of紀(jì)念in of支持3 doubt無(wú)疑，確實(shí)   &

6、#160;             doubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) 4come down           患(病)come           實(shí)現(xiàn)5take .       an example以為例take .  

7、      example以為例6be        value有價(jià)值的be good value 錢(qián)花得值學(xué)情自測(cè)選詞填空no doubt，come down with， take over， in memory of， (be) of value 1i think im flu.2thieves have taken a radio and a walkman, but nothing       great .3can you the cooking

8、 while i walk the dog?4he wrote a poem those who died in sichuan earthquake.5                       hell tell me everything when hes ready.教材與高考(教材原句)many people were buried alive, and so wa

9、s the city.(2008·遼寧，35)bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by jason, and .ai was neither bneither was i ci was either deither was i變式訓(xùn)練i would never come to this restaurant again.the food is terrible! .anor am i bneither would i csame with me dso do i .單元語(yǔ)法自測(cè)主謂一致選詞填空1every new produc

10、t (has/have) to be advertised.2huge amounts of cocaine (was/were) found in the containers.3one of my sisters (lives/live) in australia.4there (was/were) an explosion at the factory.5the number of violent crimes (has/have) gone up dramatically.高頻考點(diǎn)·深度探究重點(diǎn)單詞1destroy vto damage sth. so badly that

11、it no longer exists, works, etc.摧毀；毀滅destroy ones health有害健康cause/do damage to對(duì)造成破壞destroy ones career/hopes毀滅某人的事業(yè)/毀掉希望(1)now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply. (2)all hopes of a peaceful settlement his speech.和平解決的希望都被他的講話給毀了。(3)failure was slowly destroying h

12、im.易混辨析destroy，damage，ruin，harm一試身手名師指津(1)the bridge was                   by the flood.(2)the strong sandstorm       most of the young trees.(3)fruit juice may do    

13、60; to childrens teeth.(4)the bad weather         our trip.(1)destroy表示毀滅性的破壞，多指無(wú)法修復(fù)。(2)damage指不同程度的損害、毀壞；作名詞時(shí)，表示“損害”。(3)ruin毀壞，損壞，指經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的侵蝕而毀壞。(4)harm損害，多指對(duì)肉體、精神方面的傷害。2.ruin vto damage sth. so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.毀壞；破壞；n.the state or p

14、rocess of being destroyed or severely damaged毀壞；破產(chǎn)；廢墟in ruins毀壞了的；成為廢墟的 fall/come into ruin逐漸破碎bring.to ruin使失敗；使毀壞(1)there lay my house, reduced to waist­high ruins, smelly and dirty.(2)heavy smoking .過(guò)度吸煙損害了他的健康。(3)the ruins of ancient rome were dug out.3complain vto say that you are annoyed,

15、 unhappy or not satisfied about sb./sth.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷complain to sb. about/of.就向某人抱怨complain of訴說(shuō)(病情或痛苦)make a complaint about.就提出投訴complaint n.抱怨，埋怨；投訴(1)interestingly,80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.(2)im going to complain the manager this.我要就這件事向經(jīng)理投訴。(3)

16、we received a number of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.4declare vto say sth. officially or publicly公布；宣布；宣告declare.to be.宣布為 declare war on.向宣戰(zhàn)declare for/against表示贊成 /反對(duì)(1)my aunt even goes so far as to declare that a chinese “equivalent”can never give you the exact

17、meaning of a word in english！ (2)his actions him an honest man.他的行為表明他是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。(3)he declared that he was innocent.5ahead adv. further forward in space or time；in front向前面；在前面；earlier提前；預(yù)先；提早；winning；further advanced占優(yōu)勢(shì)；領(lǐng)先ahead of在前面；比早；超過(guò)；領(lǐng)先ahead of time 提前       &#

18、160;           前進(jìn)；著手；進(jìn)行；(讓路等)您先請(qǐng)；(電話等)您先說(shuō)；(對(duì)別人請(qǐng)求的許可)行，去做吧，開(kāi)始吧，吧(1)i probably shouldnt have any more cake.oh，go ahead. it wont kill you. (2)he is always well ahead of the rest of the class.(3)ahead of us lies a river.6aware adj. knowing or realiz

19、ing sth.意識(shí)到的；知道的be/become aware of知道；明白；意識(shí)到be made aware of sth.使知道某事，使清楚某事as far as im aware就我所知(1)older women are much more aware of celebrities. (2010·湖北，閱讀c)(2)i dont think people just how much it costs.我認(rèn)為人們并不真正明白這要花多少錢(qián)。(3)he was well aware of the problem.7judge na person in a court who ha

20、s the authority to decide how criminals should be punished or to make legal decisions法官；v.to form an opinion about sb./sth. based on the information you have判斷；斷定；評(píng)判judge sb./sth. (to be).判斷某人(事)judging from/by.根據(jù)判斷as far as i can judge據(jù)我判斷，我認(rèn)為in ones judgment依某人看來(lái)(1)he was judged unfit to return to

21、 sea and took a shore job in glasgow for the rest of the war. (2011·湖南，閱讀b)(2) the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.從他臉上的表情判斷，這條消息肯定很糟糕。(3)dont judge a book by its cover.對(duì)點(diǎn)自測(cè).語(yǔ)境填詞destroy，ruin，complain，declare，ahead，aware，judge 1whenever i have an appointment，i like to arrive a

22、 little                of time.2everyone present at the meeting should be made              of the risks involved.3id like to make a about the noise.4when they asked him

23、for his opinion, he               strongly against the policy.5they have all the evidence.6years of fighting has left iraq .7in my , all of them are to blame.單項(xiàng)填空1she left early， of a headache.acomplained bcomplainingcto complain dhaving co

24、mplained2 the number of cars, he thought, there were not many people at the club.ahe judged by bjudged fromcjudge by    djudging from3the moment the 29th olympic games open, the whole world cheered. adeclared bhave been declared chave declared dwere declared4the young husband left her， her

25、 life and all her hopes.adestroyed bto destroycdestroying   dto damage5his broken leg means the of all his hopes of becoming a famous athlete.amiss bruin closs   ddeath6she slipped away without his being of it.apossible baware ccasual   dvisual7plan your shopping time.avoid last­

26、minute rushes to the grocery store when you are hungry.ain front of bout of cahead of   dapart from短語(yǔ)與句式1take over接管；接任take to喜歡上；適應(yīng)；養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣take in吸收；接納；欺騙take 呈現(xiàn)；雇用take off(飛機(jī))起飛；突然開(kāi)始成功；開(kāi)始走紅；脫(衣服等)；休假(1)they are all different，but once you take off the outside，theyre pretty much the same on the i

27、nside.(2)he has going to the gym after work.他養(yǎng)成了下班后去健身的習(xí)慣。(3)we were taken in by his innocent，boyish looks.2in memory of紀(jì)念；追念have a good/poor memory for.對(duì)記憶力好/差in favor of支持，贊同；對(duì)某人有利 in face of面臨；面對(duì)in of為紀(jì)念；祝賀；為了向表示敬意in case of萬(wàn)一，以免(1)when asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teach

28、ers would prefer to see him step aside in favor of younger men. (2)he wrote a poem those who died for the liberation of china.他寫(xiě)了一首詩(shī)以紀(jì)念在四川地震中死去的人們。(3)she dates.她對(duì)日期有很好的記憶力。思考題：其他“介詞名詞of”的短語(yǔ)：                  &#

29、160;                                                  &

30、#160;                                     3rise up against起義，反抗        

31、0;   vi.上升，升起；站起，增加；上漲；n.上升，加薪rise to ones feet站起來(lái) give rise to使發(fā)生(1)there was a sudden rise in the water and the calf was washed over the mothers body and was gone.(2)with great effort, he .他費(fèi)了好大的勁才站了起來(lái)。(3)the number of students in this school rises by 5% every year.4we are in italy now，a

32、nd tomorrow we are visiting pompeii.我們現(xiàn)在在意大利，明天將游覽龐貝。句式提取：.we are visiting.該句為“現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)”，意為“我們將參觀”?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的其他用法：(1)go，come，stay，leave，do，take，have等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要做某事，特別是在口語(yǔ)中。(2)事物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃安排的活動(dòng)；人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示計(jì)劃要做的事。(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always，forever，constantly等副詞連用，帶有厭惡、贊揚(yáng)等感情色彩。(1)the train leave

33、s at 10 pm.(2)youre always people about your exciting sculpture classes.你總是跟別人講起你那精彩的雕塑課。5when asked how a statue from distant greece could have appeared in china，researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of alexander the greats influence.當(dāng)被問(wèn)及來(lái)自遙遠(yuǎn)希臘的塑像怎么會(huì)出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)時(shí)，研究人員解釋說(shuō)，這無(wú)疑是亞歷山大大帝的影響所致。句式

34、提?。籂钫Z(yǔ)從句的省略(1)本句是主從復(fù)合句，其中when asked how.是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其完整形式為when they were asked how.，這里how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。主句中explained后接一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。(2)英語(yǔ)中，有些表示條件(if/unless)、時(shí)間(when/as/while/once)、方式或讓步(as if/though)等的狀語(yǔ)從句，如果謂語(yǔ)含有動(dòng)詞be，且主語(yǔ)又和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致，或者主語(yǔ)是it，常把狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分(特別是動(dòng)詞be)省略。(3)一定要注意從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)是否一致。如果不一致，則不能省略。分詞作狀語(yǔ)必

35、須和句子的主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如果是主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系則用過(guò)去分詞。(1)the experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if carried out regularly，can improve our health.(2) ，the machine is of no use.這臺(tái)機(jī)器如不修理便毫無(wú)用處。(3)some flowers shut up at night as if (they were) to sleep.對(duì)點(diǎn)自測(cè).選詞填空1the worn­out father gathered

36、 all his strength and                             .2his mother was seriously ill，so he had to             a day

37、60;     .3it is said that the famous businessman founded the charity                              his wife.單項(xiàng)填空1although she believed that s

38、he had a good chance of recovering，the doctor said that few， ，could come back to normal after getting this disease.aif any bif so cif not  dif ever2what are you going to do this afternoon?i am going to the cinema with some friends.the film quite early，so we to the bookstore after that. afinishe

39、d；are going bfinished；gocfinishes；are going   dfinishes；go3it was at this point that her acting career really .atook up btook off ctook in   dtook down4in summer, the temperature sometimes as high as 39.arises brising craising   draises5many chinese universities provide scholarships f

40、or students financial aid.ain favor of bin honour of cin face of din need of寫(xiě)作提升·步步為贏討論或辯論一、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)1開(kāi)頭： 提出問(wèn)題或引出討論或辯論的主題。recently we have had a discussion/debate on/about (whether).最近我們就進(jìn)行了討論。2主體： 陳述不同觀點(diǎn)及其理由。表示贊同：(1) be for(2)favour the idea 3)be for the idea (4)be in favour of (5)approve of (6)agr

41、ee with表示反對(duì)：(1)dont agree with (2)be against the idea (3)disagree表述理由：(1)because (2)for (3)they say (4)saying that(5)for the reason that3結(jié)尾：表明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。(1)personally (2)as for me (3)in my opinion二、套語(yǔ)背誦1開(kāi)頭：提出問(wèn)題或引出討論或辯論的主題。we had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go t

42、o college.我們就上大學(xué)是否是高中生的唯一出路進(jìn)行了討論。recently our class have held a discussion on how to carry out the citizens basic moral standards and become a successful young man.最近我班就如何實(shí)施公民基本道德規(guī)范和做一個(gè)有為青年進(jìn)行了討論。recently，in our class there has been a heated discussion about whether the beijing zoo should be moved ou

43、t of the city.最近我班就北京動(dòng)物園是否應(yīng)遷出市區(qū)進(jìn)行了討論。im writing to tell you about a recent discussion our class have had on whether or not university students should be financially independent.我寫(xiě)信是要告訴你，最近我班就大學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立進(jìn)行討論的情況。2表示贊同及理由。some of my classmates are in favour of the move.they say large crowds of tourists

44、 to the zoo will result in traffic jams.they also say.有的同學(xué)贊同遷出。他們認(rèn)為參觀動(dòng)物園的旅客太多會(huì)造成交通擁擠。他們還認(rèn)為the majority of the students hold the opinion that punishing the passengers helps to reduce traffic accidents and increase traffic safety.大多數(shù)學(xué)生持這種觀點(diǎn)：懲罰(乘坐醉酒駕車(chē)的)乘客有助于減少交通事故和提高交通安全。3表示反對(duì)及理由。由正及反常用however，on the o

45、ther hand等過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)。4表示贊成或反對(duì)人數(shù)的比例。60% of the students are against the idea of.they believe.百分之六十的學(xué)生反對(duì)的想法，他們認(rèn)為nearly 70% of us disagree since.，so that they wont form the good habit of studying.近百分之七十的人不同意，因?yàn)橐虼怂麄儾荒莛B(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。5結(jié)尾：表明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。from what has been discussed above，we can receive a better education at

46、college so that we can serve our motherland better.從上面的討論看，我們都能接受良好的教育，以便更好地報(bào)效祖國(guó)。personally，i prefer to work in a team，which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experience with them.就我個(gè)人而言，我更愿意在一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)里工作，在這里能給我提供與其他人相處和與他們分享我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。三、范文欣賞： 禁止乞丐在地下人行道行乞留宿r(nóng)ecently，gu

47、angzhou passed a law to ban beggars from begging and sleeping in the subways and our class had a discussion about it last monday.56% of the students dont agree with the idea because they think some beggars really have difficulty in making a living and have to play music in the subway to survive.howe

48、ver,44% of the students favour the idea because they think beggars bring a lot of trouble for the city.whats more，some beggars are just taking advantage of peoples compassion to make easy money.personally，i think it is a good idea to forbid beggars from begging and sleeping in public places and we s

49、hould take some measures to help them.第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空 （共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）21. the reason why i didnt go to shanghai was i got a new job.a. because b. how c. whether d. that22. makes mistakes must correct them.a. what b. that    c. whoever    d. whatever23. we all think nec

50、essary that we should study hard.a. this b. that c. it d. one 24. hell be able to come is not yet known.a. whether b. if c. that d. what25. it took us over an hour along the shopping mall.a. walkb. to walk c. walking d. walked26. kate as well as her sister interest in studying english.a. are b. take

51、 c. takes d. is27. coffee and milk always my favorite drinks.a. are     b. is     c. was           d. were28. professor zhangs speech made us all .a. to laugh b. laughedc. laughd. laughs29. he got up early this morning he would miss th

52、e plane.a. because of b. for fear that c. for fear of d. with fear 30. not only you but also he to cairo.a. has beenb. have been c. had been d. been23. i dont like the film i saw last night, and _.a. so does my brother b. so my brother does c. nor does my brother d. so it is with my brother.24. when

53、 word came _ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.a sinceb whichc thatd what25. the teacher _ come to our meeting, so we should make full preparations for it. a. is probable to b. is possible to c. is likely to d. a,b and c 26. -there is a bottle of water on the table. -pour me a glass

54、 of it and _ yours. a. the rest water is b. the rest is c. the rest of it are d. the rest water are27. the lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _a . 30 dollars remained b. remained 30 dollars c. remaining 30 dollars d. left 30 dollars28. i have prepared well for the trip, but the

55、 question is _ we should inform our parents of it. a. which b. if c. whether d. what29. one of my friends asked me to help him with his lessons, thus _ my plan. a. ruined b. ruins c. to ruin d. ruining30. could you _ the door open for me, please? a. take b. hold c. stay d. catch31. when my mother sa

56、w her uncle 20 years later, she found he was no longer _he used to be.a. who b. what c. that d. which32. a strange man called me and said that my daughter was taken into hospital, but i didnt _ his words, because i have no daughter at all. a. prepare for b. stand for c. call for d. fall for33. do yo

57、u know the police have _ war on drug dealers(毒品販子) in the area? a announced b declared c. fought d. called34. i have had my lunch, so _ is no need _ you to cook for me. a. it; for b. it; of c. there; for d. there; of 24. when the police broke into the room, they found the man _ in bed, _. a. lying; deadb. lying; diedc. laying; dyingd.