定語從句ppt課件

1、定語從句定語從句Attributive Clause1;.2ContentsvRestrictive Attributive ClausevNon-restrictive Attributive ClausevSpecial Attributive Clause vDivided Attributive Clause3Restrictive Attributive Clausev限制性定語從句一般可以作為前置定語或并列句。限制性定語從句一般可以作為前置定語或并列句。v1.前置定語前置定語v1）the people who worked for him lived in mortal fear

2、of him.v在他手下工作的人對他怕得要死。在他手下工作的人對他怕得要死。v較短的限制性定語從句往往譯成漢語的主謂詞組，放在被修飾詞的前面。較短的限制性定語從句往往譯成漢語的主謂詞組，放在被修飾詞的前面。4Examplesv2)I want to buy a house which is inexpensive yet comfortable. v我想買一座又便宜又舒適的房子。我想買一座又便宜又舒適的房子。v3) Now it is proving itself not as a country which is threatened but as a country which is th

3、reatening others.v現(xiàn)在證明它自己不是一個受威脅的國家，而是一個威脅他國的國家?，F(xiàn)在證明它自己不是一個受威脅的國家，而是一個威脅他國的國家。5v4) Even young students who plan on staying in the United States just long enough to finish two semesters of high school have difficulty finding a host family. v即使是那些只計劃短期留居美國，一完成兩學(xué)期高中課程就離開的年輕學(xué)生也即使是那些只計劃短期留居美國，一完成兩學(xué)期高中課程就

4、離開的年輕學(xué)生也很難找到一個愿意收留他們的家庭。很難找到一個愿意收留他們的家庭。6The boy who just went out is my nephew.沒有吃過苦的人不知道什么是甜。太空和海洋是科學(xué)家們努力探索的新領(lǐng)域。 剛出去的那個男孩是我的侄兒。 2. He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.3. Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.7vBut if the attributiv

5、e clause may cause ambiguity or logic mistake, it should be put after its antecedent, usually as an individual sentence ： ve.g. They killed four men and injured the fifth who later died of his wounds. v他們打死四人，并打傷了他們打死四人，并打傷了后來傷重死去的后來傷重死去的第五人。第五人。 v他們打死四人，打傷一人，他們打死四人，打傷一人， 傷者后來因傷勢過重而死傷者后來因傷勢過重而死 。8v2

6、.并列句并列句v1) it seemed to him that his heart was bound with cords which an unseen hand was tightening with every tick of the clock.v他覺得他的心讓許多繩子捆住，有一只看不見的手跟著鐘的滴答聲一下一下地把它收緊。9v2）He managed to raise a crop of 200 tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each.他居然種出了兩百個令人驚奇的西紅柿，每個重達(dá)兩磅。v3）It is he who received

7、 the letter that announced the death of your uncle.是他接到那封信，說你的叔叔去世了。10非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句英語的定語從句與漢語中的定語還有一個不同的地方，那就是，英語中有些定語從句和主句關(guān)系不密切，它從語法上看是修飾定語從句的先行詞的，但實際上限定作用不強(qiáng)，而是修飾主句的謂語或全句的，起狀語作用。也就是說，有些定語從句兼有狀語從句的職能，在意義上與主句有狀語關(guān)系，表明原因、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、假設(shè)等關(guān)系。11表示“原因”的定語從句vThe soldiers, who may have felt sorry for the boy,

8、 had him stand with his back to his father.那些士兵，可能是出于對孩子的憐憫，讓他背向他的父親站著。vHe showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable. 他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太講話，因為她現(xiàn)在異常無禮，令人厭煩。12表“結(jié)果”的定語從句vWhat are the hopes and aims and dreams that had made them the incred

9、ibly stubborn warriors?是什么樣的希望，什么樣的目標(biāo)，什么樣的理想使他們成長為頑固到難以置信的戰(zhàn)士呢？vThey tried to stamp out the revolt, which spread all the more furiously throughout the country. 他們企圖鎮(zhèn)壓反抗，結(jié)果反抗愈來愈烈，遍及全國。13表“目的”的定語從句vThe imperialist maitains enormous armies and gigantic navies which are used for oppressing and exploiting

10、 the people in distant land.帝國主義國家維持了龐大的陸海軍，用以壓迫和剝削遠(yuǎn)地的人民。vHe is collecting authentic material that proves his argument. 為了證明他的論點(diǎn)，他正在收集確鑿的材料。 14表“讓步”的定語從句vThe problem, which is very complicated, has been solved.這個問題雖然很復(fù)雜，但已經(jīng)解決了。vHe insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for. 盡管他并沒有這樣的需

11、要，他堅持要再買一幢房子。15表“條件”的定語從句vThe following principles might be helpful for foreign students who wish to increase their reading skill.外國學(xué)生想要提高自己的閱讀能力，下列原則可能有所幫助。vMen become desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families. 人們極其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能維持一家人的生活就行。16表“時間”的定語從句vEle

12、ctricity, which is passed through the thin tungsten wire inside the bulb, make the wire very hot.當(dāng)電通過燈泡里的細(xì)鎢絲時，鎢絲就會變得很熱。vA driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others or be absent-minded. 司機(jī)在開車時，不許和人談話，也不能走神。 17表“轉(zhuǎn)折”的定語從句vShe was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom w

13、as. 她對孩子們很有耐心，而她丈夫卻很少這樣。 18注意下面每對定語從句含義的區(qū)別注意下面每對定語從句含義的區(qū)別vThe teacher thanked the students, who had given her flowers. (含義：全體含義：全體學(xué)生）學(xué)生） 老師向?qū)W生們表示感謝，因為學(xué)生們向老師送了鮮花。老師向?qū)W生們表示感謝，因為學(xué)生們向老師送了鮮花。vThe teacher thanked the students who had given her flowers. (含義：部分含義：部分學(xué)生）學(xué)生） 老師向給她送鮮花的學(xué)生表示感謝。老師向給她送鮮花的學(xué)生表示感謝。19vT

14、om got into the car, which parked behind the house. 湯姆進(jìn)了汽車，湯姆進(jìn)了汽車， 那輛車停在房子后面。那輛車停在房子后面。（只一輛車）（只一輛車）vTom got into the car which parked behind the house. 湯姆進(jìn)了停在房子后面的汽車。湯姆進(jìn)了停在房子后面的汽車。（不只有一輛車）（不只有一輛車）2324252627282930313233有些定語從句與主句關(guān)系十分緊密，并且意義上突出了全句的重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)，而主句僅起結(jié)構(gòu)上的作用，其自身的意義并不突出。 There was nothing that interested him at the show.What