Ezra Pound最終

1、Group 3141307401026 張雪瑩1307401029 黃奕蓉1307401032 萬呂杰1307401035 張彩霞1307401021 張貴萍American expatriate poet , critic and intellectual who was a major figure of the Modernist movement in the first half of the 20th century.Hugh Kenner said :”I suddenly knew that I was in the Presence of the center of mode

2、rnism .”The life of Poundborn in Hailey , Idaho.born in Hailey , Idaho.grew up and was educated mainly in grew up and was educated mainly in Pennsylvania.Pennsylvania.In 1901,University of Pennsylvania.In 1901,University of Pennsylvania.two years later, transferred to two years later, transferred to

3、 Hamilton College.Hamilton College.In 1906, gained master degree.In 1906, gained master degree.Hamilton CollegeIn 1908: EuropeVeniceA Lume Spento LondonImagismIn 1914: Ezra married the Dorothy Shakespeare.In 1920: moved to Paris.In 1924: settled in Italy.During the Second World War: leaned in the di

4、rection of Mussolinis fascist totalitarianism.In 1945: arrested as a traitor. Pound was confined in a hospital for the criminally insane.Translated works of ancient Greek and ancient Chinese literature.Awarded a prestigious poetry prize in 1949 for his last Cantos.Cantos.In 1958: returned to Italy,

5、where he continued to writeand make translations.Died in 1972, in Italy.Representative poemIn a station of the Metro-Ezra pound-Ezra poundIn a station of the MetroThe apparition of these faces in the crowd.Petals on a wet, black bough.這幾張臉在人群中幻景般閃現這幾張臉在人群中幻景般閃現濕漉漉的黑樹枝上花瓣數點濕漉漉的黑樹枝上花瓣數點玉容寂寞淚闌干，玉容寂寞淚闌干

6、，梨花一枝春帶雨梨花一枝春帶雨白居易白居易長歌行長歌行these faces PetalsIn a station of the Metroa wet, black bough楊貴妃的哭比作梨花帶雨楊貴妃的哭比作梨花帶雨月亮表示團圓，思鄉(xiāng)月亮表示團圓，思鄉(xiāng)Writing Style1.The use of Image（意象的使用）（意象的使用）“An Image is that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time”.（意象是在一瞬間呈現出的理性和感情的復合體） 龐德image pr

7、ogress（意象層遞）image superposition（意象疊加）image juxtaposition（意象并列）three types of combination of image形象（理性）融合意象感情（感性）image progress（意象層遞）“敕勒川，陰山下，天似穹廬，籠蓋四野。 天蒼蒼、野茫茫，風吹草低見牛羊?！彪防崭鐿 generation of the thoroughly smug and thoroughly uncomfortable, I have seen fishermen picnicking in the sun, I have seen them

8、 with untidy families, I have seen their smiles full of teeth and heard ungainly laughter. And I am happier than you are, And they were happier than I am; And the fish swim in the lake and do not even own clothing. -by Ezra Pound “Salutation”image superposition（意象疊加）The tree has entered my hands,The

9、 sap has ascended my arms,The tree has grown in my breast -Downward,The branches grow out of me, like arms.Tree you are,Moss you are,You are violets with wind above them.A child - so high - you are, And all this is folly to the world. -by Ezra Pound “A Girl”image juxtaposition（意象并列）Rain; empty river

10、; a voyage,Fire from frozen cloud, heavy rain in the twilightUnder the cabin roof was one lantern.The reeds are heavy; bent;and the bamboos speak as if weeping. -by Ezra Pound “Cantos” （cited from chapter forty-ninth）2.Concise Language（語言簡潔）（語言簡潔）The apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on

11、a wet, black bough. In a Station of the Metro1）Japanese haiku style（俳句：a kind of short Japanese poem consisting of seventeen characters，5-7-5）2）on economy of language , precision of imagery and experimenting with non traditional verse forms3.Musical Rhythm（韻律）（韻律）The apparition（ pr()n ） of these fac

12、es in the crowd;(krad)Petals (pet()l) on a wet(wet), black bough( ba). In a Station of the MetroImagismImagismWhat is an “image”?An image is defined by Ezra Pound as that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time. sudden liberation fredom: time limits ,space limits s

13、udden growthT.E. Hulme Ezra Poundthe romantic conception of poetry Greek and Roman classics Chinese, Japanese, and modern French poets. The imagist poets called for new rhythms, clear images, free choice of subject matter, compressed poetic expression, and use of common speech. OriginOriginEngland &

14、amp;the United States1908 to 1917Creed: use of the language of common speech, precision, the creation of new rhythms, absolute freedom in choice of subject matter, the evocation of images in hard, clear poetry, and concentration. In the U.S.:Pound, John Gould Fletcher, and Amy Lowell.MovementMovemen

15、tPound Des Imagists: An Anthology (1914)Amy Lowell active leadership fixed program published several anthologies entitled Some Imagist Poets Ezra Pound, Hilda Doolittle, Amy Lowell, and William Carlos Williams. T. S. Eliot, E.R. Robinson, Wallace Stevens, and E.E. Cummings. MovementMovementDevelopme

16、nt: three stages1. 19081909: London, Hulme2. 19121914: America, Pound3. 19141917: Amy Lowell anti-romantic and anti-VictorianIt stressed free choice of subject matters:concreteness of imagery, musical phrases, economy of expression, and the use of a dominant image. It aimed at instantaneous effect,

17、visual and concise. common speech, exact words Major feature-1Imagism produced free verse without imposing a rhythmical pattern. The rhythm was composed as if the poet were making a music phrase. a doing-away with conventions of meter sonnet balladnew moodMajor feature-21.To use the language of comm

18、on speech, but to employ the exact word, not the nearly-exact, nor the merely decorative word.2.Absolute freedom in the choice of subject.3.To produce a poetry that is hard and clear, never blurred nor indefinite. 4.Finally, most of us believe that concentration is of the very essence of poetry. Ezr

19、a PoundImagist ManifestoImagist ManifestoTranslation, adaptationOriginal compositionAdjunct to the Muses diadem.From 1901 to 1907 at the University of Pennsylvania and Hamilton College, Pound studied, among other subjects, English, Latin, German, French, Italian, Spanish, provenal ,Anglo-Saxon, and

20、Greek. He specialized in Romance languages and received in 1906 a Master of Arts degree from the University of Pennsylvania.Pounds command of the Romance language was secure and solid, although even in this area his scholarship has sometimes been impugned.Later he also acquired knowledge of a few more languages (notably Chinese).Pounds Translation Theorycreative translation Pounds creative tran