四川省成都2015高考英語一輪訓(xùn)練(8)外研版

1、2015四川成都高考英語（外研版）一輪訓(xùn)練（8）及答案完型填空。閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。說明文型完形填空UK households are cutting back on spending at the fastest rate since 1980. This is _1_ to the worst economic slowdown in three decades.Figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) showed _2_ spending fell by 1

2、.2% in the first three months of the year. People spent less on housing, household goods and services, _3_ those who went on holiday abroad also spent _4_ less.Consumers tightened their belts in the face of job losses, pay _5_ or freezes and sharply reduced city bonuses. The figures _6_ employees

3、9; compensation(補(bǔ)償金) falling by 1.1% in the quarter, the largest fall _7_ records began in 1955. Wages and salaries declined, with lower bonus payments in the financial sector than normal, while _8_ also fell.The data was _9_ as part of the ONS's latest assessment of the UK economy, which _10_ t

4、hat gross domestic product (GDP) shrank by 1.9% in the first quarter, its sharpest decline since 1979. GDP stood 4.1% _11_ than a year ago, the biggest annual fall since 1980.“The breakdown of first­quarter GDP gives a pretty _12_ picture of weakness right across the _13_ in the early months of

5、 this year，” said Jonathan Loynes of Capital Economics.“With key parts like household spending and investment set to fall considerably further in _14_ to the weakness in the housing market, the labour market and bank lending, we _15_ unconvinced that recentgreen shoots will translate into a return t

6、o decent growth next year.”1. Asubmitting BresortingCcontributing Dextending2A.personnel BconsumerCfolk Dclient3. Awhile BalthoughCbecause Dbut4. Ainstantly BsimultaneouslyCsignificantly Dactively5. Adives BpausesChalts Dcuts6. Acalculated BaccumulatedCexpressed Dshowed7. Asince BwhenCas Duntil8. Ac

7、ompetition BemploymentCachievement Dattraction9. Areleased BrelievedCrelated Drelaxed10. Apromoted BjustifiedCconfirmed Dadvocated11. Apoorer BslimmerCweaker Dlower12. Aamazing BdepressingCsurprising Dpuzzling13. Aeconomy BfinanceCbusiness Dcommerce14. Aopposition BresponseCregard Dcontrast15. Arema

8、in BproveCfeel DmaintainB【要點(diǎn)綜述】 本文講述了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)導(dǎo)致居民消費(fèi)開支產(chǎn)生了自1980以來的最大幅度的下滑這一現(xiàn)象。1C這促成了近三十年來最嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑。submit to 服從；resort to 求助，訴諸；contribute to 有助于，促進(jìn)；extend to 延伸到。2Bconsumer spending表示“消費(fèi)性支出”。3A上半句說人們在住房、日用品及服務(wù)上的支出減少了，下半句說出國度假的人花費(fèi)也減少了，由此可見前后分句是并列的關(guān)系，所以用while。although 表示讓步；because表示原因；but 表示轉(zhuǎn)折。4Cinstantly 立

9、即，馬上；simultaneously 同時(shí)地；significantly 顯著地，重要地；actively積極地，活躍地。不難看出這里是說出國度假的人花費(fèi)也明顯減少了，因此選significantly。5Dpay cuts表示“減薪”，pay freezes表示“工資凍結(jié)”。dive潛水；halt停止；pause暫停，間歇。6Dcalculate計(jì)算；accumulate 積累；express表達(dá)；show表明。這里表示“數(shù)據(jù)表明”，故選擇D項(xiàng)。7Asince 表示“從以來”，上文提到員工們的補(bǔ)償金本季度下降了1.1%，這個(gè)下降的幅度是自1955年有記錄以來最大的，所以用since。8Bco

10、mpetition 競爭；employment 就業(yè)；achievement 成就，成績；attraction吸引，吸引力。伴隨著工資的下降，競爭肯定越來越激烈，失業(yè)的人也就越來越多，所以就業(yè)率就會(huì)下降。9Arelease 發(fā)布，釋放；relieve 解除，減輕；relate 聯(lián)系，敘述；relax 放松。這里release表示“發(fā)布”。句意：這份數(shù)據(jù)是作為英國國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局這個(gè)組織對英國經(jīng)濟(jì)評估報(bào)告的一部分來對外發(fā)布的。10Cpromote促進(jìn)，提升；justify證明是合法的；confirm確認(rèn)，證實(shí)；advocate 提倡，主張。句意：這份數(shù)據(jù)證實(shí)了第一季度國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值下降了1.9%這一事實(shí)

11、。11D從后半句“the biggest annual fall since 1980”可以得出GDP肯定是比去年降低了4.1%，所以用lower。poor貧窮的；slim苗條的；weak虛弱的。12Bamazing令人驚異的；depressing令人沮喪的；surprising令人驚訝的；puzzling令人費(fèi)解的。 13Aeconomy經(jīng)濟(jì)；finance財(cái)政；business商業(yè)；commerce貿(mào)易。這里應(yīng)該是對整個(gè)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的展望，所以用economy，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)太過片面了。14Bin response to表示“響應(yīng)，反應(yīng)”，這里表示由于房地產(chǎn)市場、勞動(dòng)力市場以及銀行借貸的疲軟，導(dǎo)

12、致家庭支出以及投資的大幅下降。15Aremain表示“依然，保持”，后面大多跟形容詞。maintain表示“維持，保持(已有的水平、標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”，這里表示“雖然由于房地產(chǎn)市場、勞動(dòng)力市場以及銀行借貸的疲軟而導(dǎo)致家庭支出以及投資的大幅下降，但是我們?nèi)匀徊幌嘈拧保赃@里用remain。閱讀理解。It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite,it is important to learn to like

13、 what you write at the early stage.I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that were often disappointed that the rich

14、 ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work.Different from popular belief,we do not usually think in the words and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as me

15、ntalese),and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language. But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry(織錦),writing can only be composed one thread at a time. Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing idea

16、s should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.When people write as if some strict critics(批評家) are looking over their shoulder,they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get

17、stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage,we should see every idea,as well as the words we use to express it,as wonderful and worth putting down. It is only during rewrites th

18、at we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.1. What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?A. They often regret writing poor works.B. Some of them write surprisingly much.C. Many of them hate reading their own works.D. They are happy to revi

19、ew the publishers opinions.2. What do people generally believe about the way human minds work?A. People think in words and sentences.B. Human ideas are translated into symbols.C. People think by connecting threads of ideas.D. Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.3. What can we conclude from

20、 the text?A. Most people believe we think in symbols.B. Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable.C. The writers and critics can never reach an agreement.D. Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.【參考答案】56.1-3 CAD 閱讀理解。Something that has always interested me about Abraham

21、 Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, hes the first American President to have one. Thats because the term“sense of humor”really wasnt in common usage until the eighteen sixties and seventies. In the eighteen forties and fifties, it was called“the sense of the ridi

22、culous”, and didnt have the positive connotations(隱含意義)that“sense of humor”has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(譏笑). Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well. Lincolns humor was very different beca

23、use, for one thing, it was actually“humor”as what the word meant in his time. We dont make the distinction between“wit(風(fēng)趣)”and“humor”anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. Its the difference we note now when we di

24、stinguish between“l(fā)aughing with”and“l(fā)aughing at”. Lincoln was much more about“l(fā)aughing with”than“l(fā)aughing at”. And when“l(fā)aughing at”, it was often himself he was teasing. In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debate, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain loo

25、king, “Honestly, if I were two-faced, would I be showing you this one? ”And, in a way, Lincolns face itself tells us much about his sense of humor. You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincolns time and not find a single smile. True, the long expo

26、sures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty. Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers, has become a necessary characteristic for an American

27、President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate commented that“I could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness for which he was even then not

28、orious and so remained during his great public career, he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes, and stories. ”【文章大意】說起第16任美國總統(tǒng)亞伯拉罕·林肯, 很多人會(huì)立即想起他對解放黑奴和維護(hù)美利堅(jiān)聯(lián)邦完整所做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn), 想起他能言善辯的口才和妙語連珠的演講, 但卻很少有人知道, 林肯的“幽默感”也開創(chuàng)了一個(gè)新時(shí)代。1. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that. A. the American President could influ

29、ence the use of EnglishB. the term“sense of humor”wasnt invented until the 1860sC. what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone elseD. the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)該段中“didnt have the positive connotations thatsense of humorhas today(沒有今天幽默

30、感所具有的積極的隱含意義)”和“Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule. (在當(dāng)時(shí), 好笑的事就是招致譏笑的事。)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。2. The underlined words“this one”in Paragraph 4 refer to. A. Lincolns unattractive faceB. Lincolns sense of humorC. the debate they were havingD. cruelty that went with funniness【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。在林肯與道格拉

31、斯的辯論中, 道格拉斯批評林肯是兩面派, 而林肯提到自己相貌平平(his plain looking), 接著指出“如果我是兩面派, 我還會(huì)向你展現(xiàn)我相貌平平的一面嗎”。這說明林肯很幽默。3. We rarely see people from Lincolns time wear a smile in their photos because. A. being humorous was considered inappropriateB. they found it quite funny to smile before the cameraC. not smiling for photographs was the fashionD. photography technology then was not advanced【解析】選