湖南省衡陽(yáng)縣2016高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)選練(3)

1、湖南衡陽(yáng)縣2016高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解二輪基礎(chǔ)選練（3）社會(huì)文化（閱讀理解）由 (2012東北三校高三一模)改編More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence.Wayne Meisel,director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minne

2、sota University,said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves.In these circumstances,he said,young people lack confidence,which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves

3、capable of doing anything.In spite of the different conditions in China,Li Xuequan,director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation,said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation (通貨膨脹) and corruption (腐敗).In order to solve these

4、 problems,the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people,as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society.Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters o

5、f “challenge to youth” to many young people,urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry,housing the homeless,caring for the lonely and sick,serving the elderly and preserving the environment.The letter says:“Through the service,we touch the lives of others and enrich ou

6、r own.”1.What is the main factor that leads to young peoples lack of confidence in both countries?()A.Their educationB.Their lazinessC.Economic pressureD.Part-time jobs2.What is the possible situation in the 1960s?()A.Young people lacked confidence as well.B.Young people were quite confident in Amer

7、ica.C.Young people in America were able to do anything well.D.Young Chinese people were very confident.3.The word “commit” can be replaced by “”. A.keepB.devoteC.helpD.express4.The passage is mainly about in the two countries. A.lack of confidence of the young peopleB.problems of the young

8、 people and ways to solve themC.approaches to touching the lives of othersD.challenges for the young people語(yǔ)篇解讀:面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)壓力,年輕人心理上會(huì)有什么變化。中美兩國(guó)的專家對(duì)年輕人做過(guò)調(diào)查后發(fā)現(xiàn),兩國(guó)年輕人面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)壓力都出現(xiàn)了相同的心理表現(xiàn)。答案及剖析:1.C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章首段可知:經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)壓力使得年輕人缺乏信心。選項(xiàng)C正確。2.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“which was not the case in the 1960s when young people th

9、ought themselves capable of doing anything”可知,二十世紀(jì)六十年代,美國(guó)的年輕人非常有信心。因此,選項(xiàng)B正確。3.B猜測(cè)詞義題。結(jié)合文章第五段“as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society”及第六段的信息可知:針對(duì)年輕人的問(wèn)題,專家號(hào)召整個(gè)社會(huì)關(guān)注年輕人的健康成長(zhǎng),鼓勵(lì)他們滿足社會(huì)的迫切要求。催促年輕人振作精神,致力于社會(huì)的需要,諸如人們的溫飽、住房、關(guān)心孤獨(dú)的人和生病的人、為老年人服務(wù)和環(huán)境保護(hù)等公益事業(yè)。因此,commit應(yīng)該為“致力于”的意思,選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。4.

10、B主旨大意題。通覽全文可知:本文主要談及中美兩國(guó)年輕人在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)壓力下出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題及專家們提出解決該問(wèn)題的建議。選項(xiàng)B較全面地概括了全文的大意,為正確選項(xiàng)?！鹃L(zhǎng)難句子分析】 In these circumstances狀語(yǔ),he主語(yǔ) said謂語(yǔ),young people lack confidence賓語(yǔ)從句,which was not the case in the 1960s when young people定語(yǔ)從句 thought themselves capable of doing anything.定語(yǔ)從句他說(shuō),在這些情況下,年輕人缺乏信心,這與二十世紀(jì)六十年代的情況不同,那個(gè)

11、時(shí)候,年輕人認(rèn)為他們能夠做任何事情。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！?013屆廣東省高三上期末華附、省實(shí)、廣雅、深中四校聯(lián)考】CThis is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our country is a

12、mess. And we owe it all to capitalism. We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism. Sadly,

13、 our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a

14、basic human right. Yet in our world, money comes first.I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have. If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without

15、 such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act. Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence. Everyt

16、hing is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have become so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?We have become so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have their iss

17、ues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.51. In the authors opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his country

18、is _.A. money B. peoples value C. social unfairness D. social system【答案】D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)we owe it all to capitalism所有的一切都是因?yàn)槭琴Y本主義社會(huì)，也就是他們國(guó)家的制度，故選D。52. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?A. individualism B. endless pursuit of wealth C. humanism D. great gap between

19、the rich and the poor 【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。individualism個(gè)人利己主義； endless pursuit of wealth 無(wú)休止追求財(cái)富；humanism 人道主義；great gap between the rich and the poor富人和窮人的距離拉大；根據(jù)Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.利己主義；caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, 無(wú)休止追求財(cái)富；If we lived in a

20、socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. 財(cái)富分配不均；這些都是資本主義的特征，只有人道主義是社會(huì)主義的特征，故選C。53. How does the author feel about his country?A. concerned B. angry C. skeptical D. hopeless 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。concerned關(guān)心的； angry生氣的； skeptical 懷疑的； hopeless絕望的。根據(jù)Yet is this re

21、ally the kind of life we want? I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be.這里顯示出作者很關(guān)心自己的國(guó)家，故選A。54. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.B. Socialism is perfect.C. Health is equally important as wealth.D

22、. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted. 【答案】A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Any rational society would value life above all else 及The good of man falls secondary to money.作者同意錢放在第二位，生命放在第一位，故選A。55. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How to Save America B. Capitalism Is in TroubleC

23、. Why Is America in Trouble D. America Is in Trouble 【答案】C【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)本文的內(nèi)容敘述了美國(guó)為什么處于困境之中，故選C。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。【2013屆廣東省高三上期末華附、省實(shí)、廣雅、深中四校聯(lián)考】DA lot of interesting things have happened in the past several months as people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money. A lo

24、t of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of 2008; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibilities of a past generation. More people are choosing to be more picky when they swipe their credit cards even if that means not buying things un

25、til they have money in their bank accounts, the days of the $0-down mortgage(抵押貸款)seem to be murdered, and there is a lot more acceptance of environmentally-friendly technologies that promise to reduce our overall dependency on foreign oil even if it means taking a hit to the excesses that used to d

26、efine our quality of living.An interesting new trend being taken by small businesses is the practice of offering discounted prices to customers willing to pay in cash. This is not the same as paying “under the table”-rather, the store saves its merchant processing fees and passes those savings on to

27、 the customers. The idea is a good one in principle-paying in cash forces consumers to take stock of what they are spending as much as it saves stores from transaction(交易) fees. Of course there are drawbacks to the plan. When people pay in cash, they tend to be more conservative with their spending

28、since they tangibly(really) feel their money leave their possession. That will cause stores to lose profits because customers will think twice before buying highmargin “impulse” products at checkout whereas before they might not have thought twice before charging it. Increased volume of cash handlin

29、g opens stores to loss through employee theft at the till(抽屜), not to mention controls that need to be put into place to count and deposit physical currency.Our family has saved a fortune by switching to cash. When getting to the bottom of your change jar means no more purchase power until your next

30、 pay period, you really start to appreciate the fine art of merchandising(做買賣) and the expertise applied to make you want to buy more and more. Cold hard cash feels more organic, and helps us to appreciate the effort it takes to maintain our lifestyle.56. From the passage, we can learn that _.A. cus

31、tomers are in a more favorable position by paying in cash.B. people will not be allowed to use their credit cards if there is no money in their bank account. C. people have adjusted their way of living to the new situation.D. people are living better than before by paying in cash.【答案】C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全

32、文的內(nèi)容可知出現(xiàn)了新的現(xiàn)象時(shí)，人們會(huì)慢慢地去適應(yīng)，故選C。57. By saying “people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money”, the author means that _. A. people walk to work in order to save money.B. people of all professions learn to make the best use of their money.C. people of the whole society learn to earn more

33、 money.D. all people learn to extend money so that it is worth more.【答案】B【解析】句意理解題。all walks of life各行各業(yè)；stretch their money充分利用錢；這句應(yīng)該是來(lái)自各行各業(yè)的人們都充分利用他們自己的錢，也就是讓錢發(fā)揮最大的作用，故選B。58. When the customers pay their goods in cash, the stores will be affected in the following ways EXCEPT _.A. the sale of their goods will decrease as the customers are more reluctant to buy things.B. there is a potential danger of money loss by their staff.C. it brings a burden to the stores as they need to deal with the cash.D. the stores make less money as they need to give som