英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)典實(shí)用

1、英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語句子概論 基本成分 附屬成分 并列句并列句 復(fù)合句復(fù)合句英語句子結(jié)構(gòu) 主語主語 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 （ s + vi ） 主語主語 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 賓語賓語 ( s + vt + o) 主語主語 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 表表 (s + lv + predicative) 主語雙賓動(dòng)詞主語雙賓動(dòng)詞+間賓間賓+直賓直賓(s +vt +o.indir+o. dir) 主語主語 賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞 賓語賓語 賓語補(bǔ)語賓語補(bǔ)語 (s + vt. + o + o. compl)there + be / stand/ lie / live.簡單句的五種基本句型簡單句的五種基本句型英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單句的

2、基本詞序簡單句的基本詞序 (時(shí)間）時(shí)間） 主語主語 動(dòng)詞部分動(dòng)詞部分賓語賓語 狀語狀語 （謂語）（謂語） 方式方式 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn) （時(shí)間）（時(shí)間）the taxi driver shouted at me angrily on the street last night .this morning a young girl walked confidently in the room 英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單句的擴(kuò)展成份簡單句的擴(kuò)展成份簡單句的主語、賓語可以加上一個(gè)短語（如定語）來擴(kuò)展，簡單句的主語、賓語可以加上一個(gè)短語（如定語）來擴(kuò)展，及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞也可以與其它短語（如狀語）連用及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)

3、詞也可以與其它短語（如狀語）連用進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。i bought a rain coat with a warm lining(襯里，內(nèi)層襯里，內(nèi)層).a bright little boy with rosy cheeks put three bottles of milk quietly on my doorstep before seven oclock.the young girl with long black hair seems to be very happy.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞（即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)簡單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞（即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單

4、位。主要有下列四種構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單位。主要有下列四種句型句型 陳述句陳述句 疑問句疑問句 祈使句祈使句 感嘆句感嘆句examples:the boy hit the dog. does the shop close at 7 tonight?shut the door.what a slow train this is!how slowly the train is!英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)并列句并列句常用并列連詞常用并列連詞coordinating conjunctions 平行并列連詞平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞選擇并列連詞:and, b

5、othand, as well as, not onlybut also, and thenbut, however, while, yet, neverthelessfor, so , therefore, henceor, eitheror, neither nor英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)并列句并列句需把幾個(gè)意思連接在一起時(shí)，可用分號(hào)需把幾個(gè)意思連接在一起時(shí)，可用分號(hào)或把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句用或把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句用并列連詞并列連詞連接連接起來，這種結(jié)構(gòu)即構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。起來，這種結(jié)構(gòu)即構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。用分號(hào)：用分號(hào)：we fished all day; we didnt catch a thing.用分號(hào)

6、，后跟一個(gè)連接副詞：用分號(hào)，后跟一個(gè)連接副詞：we fished all day; however, we didnt catch a thing.用并列連詞（如用并列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等等）we fished all day, but (we) didnt catch a thing.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)exercise:請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句。he was tired, so he went to bed.1. he was tired. he went to bed. 2. the child hid behin

7、d his mothers skirt. he was afraid of the dog.3. he made a promise. he didnt keep it.he made a promise, but he didnt keep it. the child hid behind his mothers skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應(yīng)用廣泛。構(gòu)成的句子。在英語書面語中應(yīng)用廣泛。主句是一個(gè)完整的句子主句是一個(gè)完整的句子,它可以獨(dú)立存在。

8、它可以獨(dú)立存在。從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子,它必須和一個(gè)它必須和一個(gè)主句連用，不能獨(dú)立存在。主句連用，不能獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句可以通過把兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接復(fù)合句可以通過把兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一起構(gòu)成在一起構(gòu)成,但復(fù)合句的各組成部份并非但復(fù)合句的各組成部份并非同等重要，其中一個(gè)句子由從屬連詞引同等重要，其中一個(gè)句子由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。導(dǎo)（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。 復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 = 主句主句 + 從句從句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)復(fù)合句是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡單句連接在一

9、起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起以上簡單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從句：句： 1. 主語從句主語從句 2. 賓語從句賓語從句3. 表語從句表語從句 4. 定語從句定語從句5. 狀語從句狀語從句 6. 同位語從句同位語從句 英文寫作中最常使用的從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句 賓語從句賓語從句 狀語從句狀語從句 1. 定語從句定語從句英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句he told me the news.th

10、at the match had been cancelled.賓語賓語that i could have the money without delay.when he was leaving for paris.賓語從句賓語從句英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句i dont know him.he has finished his work that he has finished his work.whether he has finished his work.賓語從句賓語從句he is leaving fo

11、r washington.when he is leaving for washington.why he is leaving for washington.how he is leaving for washington.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句the people surprised that what he saidwhere he found the baby主語主語that he didnt know the answerin the room.定語定語who were sitting in t

12、he room.whose sons were at war.who had signed the contract.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句that is the fact.表 語what he gave me.why he was late.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句he worked in that factorythree years ago.地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語where his father wor

13、kedwhere i livedwhen he lived therehis father worked there.i lived there.he lived there three years ago.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句簡單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡單句簡單句put the book on the desk.where you took it.where it was.地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語where you found it.you cant camp here.where there are a lot of trees.whereve

14、r you like.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)指出下列各從句的類型指出下列各從句的類型vi believe that everything is going on well.vshe was reading a novel when i came in.vshe is the girl who sings best in my class.賓語從句賓語從句狀語從句狀語從句定語從句定語從句practice英語句子結(jié)構(gòu) 1.when we will start is not clear. 2.mrs black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3.

15、my idea is that we should do it right now. 4.i had no idea that you were her friend.主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)用所給連詞連接句子。用所給連詞連接句子。he has found out. she was late. (why)he has found out why she was late.i still remember the day. i first went to york on that day. (when)i still remember th

16、e day when i first went to york.將各組句子連接為一個(gè)含有將各組句子連接為一個(gè)含有狀語從句狀語從句的復(fù)合句。的復(fù)合句。practicehe didnt come yesterday. he was ill. (原因原因)he didnt come yesterday because he was ill.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)ill give the letter to him. i see him. （時(shí)間時(shí)間）it is such a big box. nobody can move it. （結(jié)果結(jié)果）well go to the great wall. its fi

17、ne tomorrow. (條件條件) we should not go there all the time. the place is quite pleasant.(讓步）讓步）it is such a big box that nobody can move it.well go to the great wall if its fine tomorrow.although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.ill give the letter to him when i see him.

18、ill give the letter to him as soon as i see him.ill give the letter to him the moment i see him.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)nounadj. / adv.infinitivev-ing v-edetc.主語謂語賓語賓語賓補(bǔ)表語賓語(間)賓語(直)vtv-lvinoun / pronounthe + adjv-ing / clauseinfinitivenoun / pronoun / the + adjv-ing / clause / infinitivebe / feel / seem / looka

19、ppear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keeptaste / smell etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitivev-ing / v-edclauseetc.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)主語主語 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞she came/ my head aches.主語主語 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 賓語賓語she likes english.主語主語 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 主語補(bǔ)語主語補(bǔ)語she is happy主語主語 雙賓動(dòng)詞雙賓動(dòng)詞 間接賓語間接賓語 直接賓語直接賓語she gave john

20、 a bookshe bought a book for me.主語主語 賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞 賓語賓語 賓語補(bǔ)語賓語補(bǔ)語she makes her mother angrythe teacher asked me to read the passage.there +bethere lies a book on the desk.簡單句基本句型實(shí)例簡單句基本句型實(shí)例英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)附屬成分附屬成分基本成分的修飾語。可以是：基本成分的修飾語?？梢允牵?定語：即用來修飾名詞的單詞、短語或從句定語：即用來修飾名詞的單詞、短語或從句 狀語：即用來修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、狀語：即用來修飾名詞或代詞以外的詞的單詞、短語或從句。短語或從句。定定 語語poor john tottered toward a hospital nearbyshe likes oranges imported from the usa.john gave mary many books，which are full of illustrationshave you seen the book on the desk?the boy playing over there is my brother.people there like sports.英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)john often came to chat