句子插入題 Insert Text Questions

1、句子插入題 Insert Text Questions句子插入題是考察方式相對單一的一種題型，提問方式就是：Where would the sentence best fit?（哪個句子最合適），這就意味著我們可以省略題干不看。You need to understand the logic of the passage as well as the grammatical connections (like pronoun references) between sentences.（理解文章邏輯和語法聯(lián)系比如指代現(xiàn)象）。官方指南分析句間邏輯。而句間邏輯常見體現(xiàn)的方式就是邏輯關(guān)系詞（因果、轉(zhuǎn)

2、折、遞進、并列等）和指代詞。l 識別：小黑方塊1.出題原理：指代線索/邏輯線索/組織結(jié)構(gòu)和語義線索 2.解題步驟與要點： 找線索詞并積極對插入句上下文做預測 從第一個小黑方塊前一句話開始讀，逐一代入進行驗證 插入句必須滿足前后兩條線索，先前再后。（先用前線索再看后線索） 3.三種常用線索：指代線索：指代詞（this, these, their，such, another, other, they, it為線索詞）必然有所指代。指代詞后邊若有名詞短語，則向前尋找名詞短語的同義改寫指代詞必然有所指代 Paragraph 1: What do you remember about your life

3、 before you were three? Few people can remember anything that happened to them in their early yearsAdults' memories of the next few years also tend to be scantyMost people remember only a few events-usually ones that were meaningful and distinctive，such as being hospitalized or a siblings birth.

4、 1. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Other important occasions are school graduations and weddings.Paragraph 6：Their competition and collaboration were creating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with the introd

5、uction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s. With financial assets considerably greater than those in the motion picture industry, and perhaps a wider vision of the relationships among entertainment and communications media, they revitalized research into recording sound for motion pic

6、tures. In 1929 the United States motion picture industry released more than 300 sound filmsa rough figure, since a number were silent films with music tracks, or films prepared in dual versions, to take account of the many cinemas not yet wired for sound. At the production level, in the United State

7、s the conversion was virtually complete by 1930. In Europe it took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producers for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive, and in other parts of the world problems with rights or access to equipment delayed the shift to sound production for a few

8、 more years (though cinemas in major cities may have been wired in order to play foreign sound films). The triumph of sound cinema was swift, complete, and enormously popular. 2. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. When this research res

9、ulted in the development of vastly improved sound techniques, film studios became convinced of the importance of converting to sound. Paragraph 5: Not only could Smith identify rock strata by the fossils they contained, he could also see a pattern emerging：certain fossils always appear in more ancie

10、nt sediments, while others begin to be seen as the strata become more recent. By following the fossilsSmith was able to put all the strata of England's earth into relative temporal sequence. About the same time, Georges Cuvier made the same discovery while studying the rocks around Paris. Soon i

11、t was realized that this principle of faunal(animal)succession was valid not only in England or France but virtually everywhere. It was actually a principle of floral succession as well, because plants showed the same transformation through time as did fauna. Limestone may be found in the Cambrian o

12、r-300 million years later-in the Jurassic strata but a trilobitethe ubiquitous marine arthropod that had its birth in the Cambrianwill never be found in Jurassic strata, nor a dinosaur in the Cambrian.3. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passag

13、eThe findings of these geologists inspired others to examine the rock and fossil records in different parts of the world 邏輯線索：插入句或黑方塊附近出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折對比標識詞時（but, however, nevertheless為線索詞）： 轉(zhuǎn)折句中的主語前邊可能提到過 Paragraph 56：The reaction of farmers to the inevitable depletion of the Ogallala varies. Many have been at

14、tempting to conserve water by irrigating less frequently or by switching to crops that require less water. Other, however, have adopted the philosophy that it is best to use the water while it is still economically profitable to do so and to concentrate on high-value crops such as cotton. The incent

15、ive of the farmers who wish to conserve water is reduced by their knowledge that many of their neighbors are profiting by using great amounts of water, and in the process are drawing down the entire regions water supplies. In the face of the upcoming water supply crisis, a number of grandiose scheme

16、s have been developed to transport vast quantities of water by canal or pipeline from the Mississippi, the Missouri, or the Arkansas rivers. Unfortunately, the cost of water obtained through any of these schemes would increase pumping costs at least tenfold, making the cost of irrigated agricultural

17、 products from the region uncompetitive on the national and international markets. 1Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.But even if uncooperative farmers were to join in the conservation efforts, this would only delay the depletion of the

18、 aquifer. 插入句或黑方塊附近出現(xiàn)表示原因結(jié)果/總結(jié)結(jié)論標識詞時(thus, therefore, hence，consequently, accordingly為線索詞)：排除段首位置，注意因果邏輯關(guān)系/總結(jié)結(jié)論句中的元素必與上一句有所對應(yīng) Paragraph 3：The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings. Perhaps, like many contemporary

19、peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death of injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to

20、 improve their luck at hunting. This theory is suggested by evidence of chips in the painted figures, perhaps made by spears thrown at the drawings. But if improving their hunting luck was the chief motivation for the paintings, it is difficult to explain why only a few show signs of having been spe

21、ared. Perhaps the paintings were inspired by the need to increase the supply of animals. Cave art seems to have reached a peak toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game were decreasing. 2Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added t

22、o the passage. Therefore, if the paintings were connected with hunting, some other explanation is needed. Paragraph 2 Another task for the Glomar Challengers scientists was to try to determine the origin of the domelike masses buried deep beneath the Mediterranean seafloor. These structures had been

23、 detected years earlier by echo-sounding instruments, but they had never been penetrated in the course of drilling. Were they salt domes such as are common along the United States Gulf Coast, and if so, why should there have been so much solid crystalline salt beneath the floor of the Mediterranean?

24、 3. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Thus, scientists had information about the shape of the domes but not about their chemical composition and origin.組織結(jié)構(gòu)語義線索分類列舉式段落概述部分作為插入句：概述一般位于段首位置 l 采用分類列舉式的段落/文章通常以 （數(shù)詞+名詞復數(shù)）的形式出現(xiàn)；TS常用 來標示內(nèi)容的劃分。

25、例：OGP90 P250Signals for Classification & Simple Listing (分類列舉式段落中的標志詞)概述的標示詞groups parts types sorts ways approaches features characteristics explanations列舉的標識詞 first, second, third/ moreover /furthermore /in addition /also /besides/some ,one, manyother, another/黑體字 Paragraph 1 ：Photographic evi

26、dence suggests that liquid water once existed in great quantity on the surface of Mars. Two types of flow features are seen: runoff channels and outflow channels. Runoff channels are found in the southern highlands. These flow features are extensive systemssometimes hundreds of kilometers in total l

27、engthof interconnecting, twisting channels that seem to merge into larger, wider channels. They bear a strong resemblance to river systems on Earth, and geologists think that they are dried-up beds of long-gone rivers that once carried rainfall on Mars from the mountains down into the valleys. Runof

28、f channels on Mars speak of a time 4 billion years ago (the age of the Martian highlands), when the atmosphere was thicker, the surface warmer, and liquid water widespread.Paragraph 2 ：Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. They appear only in equatorial regi

29、ons and generally do not form extensive interconnected networks. Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains. The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped “islands”

30、 (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormousperhaps as much as a hundred times greater

31、than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. Flooding shaped the outflow channels approximately 3 billion years ago, about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed.1. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The

32、se landscape features differ from runoff channels in a number of ways.分類列舉式段落列舉部分作為插入句（插入句中出現(xiàn)furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides, also）：作為小TS，引出段落中一個新的方面，放在對應(yīng)support之前；插入句中的主語前邊可能提到過。 In many ways college students of the last two decades of the nineteenth century were inextricably involved i

33、n the processes of change. The Northern American institutions they attended were undergoing profound transformation. It was not just that more students were being admitted. These were different students-some were women. In Ontario, Canada, Queens University was the first to admit women into degree programs, and the University of Toronto followed suit eight years later in 1884. Many of those who now enrolled were experiencing transition not only from a small town or rural area to an urban environment, but also from adolescence to young adulthood. Universities had to adj