初中過去進行時

1、過去進行時(一）定義 ： 過去進行時，是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進行的事情或動作。（二）結構： was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）（三）用法： 1、過去進行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。 What was he research

2、ing all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 當我到達山頂?shù)臅r候，陽光燦爛。2. 過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句

3、來表示。如：What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九點她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時間點)When I saw him he was decorating his room. 當我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時間點)3. 在復合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報。 (兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning

4、 his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進行)4. 通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasn't un

5、derstanding him.正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。中考典型例題：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC.

6、 was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報 erstanding him. 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。（四）過去進行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別1一般過去時敘述舊事，過去進行時描述背景。、一般過去時： ）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動作或事件 He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時間） ）表示過去的習慣：

7、a) would ,used to與過去時would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習慣，常帶頻率時間 used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習慣They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為）b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習慣。Used to 表今昔對比的含義，敘述習慣動作可與would 換用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）She isn't what she u

8、sed to be. (今昔對比)c) 表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used to Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應于.”He used to work at night . (“習慣”表經(jīng)常)He was used to working at night. (習慣表適應)）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動作，依此事件用一般過去時。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動詞，助動

9、詞和want , wonder , hope 等 How did you like the film? / Could you help me?B. 過去進行時：表示在過去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生) 短暫性動詞用過去進行時表示按計劃、打算 During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。 He was always Changing his mind.2、過去進行時與一般過去時的

10、區(qū)別A. 進行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段) I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”)B、一般持續(xù)時間狀語多與進行時連用It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用，表反復，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時)C、while 時間狀語從句中用短

11、暫動詞時只能用進行時。 例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D、While 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進行時，但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進行時。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.3、英語中有四類動詞一般不

12、用進行時（不用現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時）1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進行時則詞意改變。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感覺的動詞，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表一時性的動詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,pe

13、rmit ,promise等。 4、例題：考題1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .(95)A. read /was falling B .was reading /fellC. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell分析： 時間從句的動作長，而“入睡”動作短，故前者用過去進行時，而較短動詞用一般過去時，選B考題2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had look

14、ed D. was slipping /looked分析 此題先要理解好when ，表“此時”，說明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進房子，此時沒人瞧見，故選A為正確。同步練習題：一、用動詞的適當形式填空。 1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new m

15、achine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ (already, think) of becoming a

16、ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend

17、) his head over a tall girl.1.were waiting ran2.was telephoning came3.jumped was moving4.were testing went5.didn't want were all working6.was putting rang7.was walking began8.was had already thought9.was reading was playing heard10.was reached was sitting were lying was bending一、 單項選擇1.My brothe

18、r _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I _ Jane she _ cott

19、on in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he _ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has

20、worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.-Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, I ' m terribly sorry._. A. I ' m not noticing B. I wasn ' t noticing C. I haven ' t noticed D. I don ' t notice 7. The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. A. was t

21、raveling B. traveledC. had been traveling D. was to travel 8. I _ my breakfast when the morning post came. A. had B. had been having C. have been having D. was having 9.When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone. A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken 10. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ” “ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I _ of my friends back home. ” A. just thought B. have just been thinkingC. was just thinking D. have just thought二、 動詞填空。1John_（work） all day yesterday.2He _（wal