中考英語冠詞知識點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)加練習(xí)有答案

1、冠詞重點(diǎn)知識歸納及講解（一）概說1冠詞是一種虛詞，不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任一個(gè)成分，只能附著在一個(gè)名詞上，幫助說明其詞義。英語中有兩個(gè)冠詞：1）定冠詞the2）不定冠詞a/an定冠詞the通常讀作口，在元音前讀作i,特別強(qiáng)調(diào)或單念時(shí)讀作i:。不定冠詞在元音音素開始的單詞前用 an這個(gè)形式，讀作n;在其他情況下則使用a,讀作口。2冠詞的基本意義不定冠詞a/an與數(shù)詞one同源，表示個(gè)”的意思，用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。例如： She is a nurse.她是個(gè)護(hù)士。He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英國人，有一個(gè)愛爾蘭妻子。定冠詞the,與this同源，有

2、這（那）個(gè)”的意思，但比較弱，表示一（幾）個(gè)特定的人或東西, 有時(shí)可譯作“這個(gè)（些）”或 “那個(gè)（些）”。例如：That s the book you want. 這就是你要的那本書。Who s the young man over there? 那邊那個(gè)年輕人是誰？但在很多情況下，“這 ”或 “那 ”這類詞在譯文中并不出現(xiàn)。例如： Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。Shut the door, please.請把門關(guān)上。3特指和泛指一般來說，名詞有特指和泛指兩種情況，請比較下面的句子：A gentleman is asking to see you.有位先生要求見你。

3、（泛指）Ask the gentleman to come in. 請那位先生進(jìn)來。（特指）在特指時(shí)一般前面要加定冠詞，而泛指時(shí)則有三種情況：1）在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前加不定冠詞。例如：She sent me a postcard也寄給我一張明信片。2）在可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前可不加冠詞，可使用 some, any這類詞。例如：These are new words.這些是生詞。She sent me some flowers.她送給我一些花。3）在不可數(shù)名詞前多不加什么，有時(shí)也可加some, any等。例如：It ' s lovely weathe天氣真好。Do you want any suga

4、r in your tea?你茶里要放點(diǎn)糖嗎？Give us some help. 給我們一些幫助。（二）不定冠詞的基本用法1泛指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)，代表某一類別（不一定譯為“一 ”）例如： His father is a doctor. 他父親是醫(yī)生。2.代表某一類人或事物，相當(dāng)于 any （+名詞）（不必譯為 ”，但必須用a,表示類別）例如： A horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動物。3指某人或某物（不是指某一類），但不具體說明何人或何物（一般譯為“一 ”）例如： This book was written by a worker. 這本書是一位工人寫的。

5、4.表示數(shù)量，有的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)烈（一般譯為 ”）例如： Wait a moment. 等一下。5表示單位，相當(dāng)于“每 ”的意思例如： We have three meals a day我們每日吃三餐。6用于某此固定詞組中例如：a few, a little, a bit （of）, a lot of 等。（三）定冠詞的基本用法1特指某（些）人或某（些）事物例如： Give me the book. 把那本書給我。2指談話雙方都知道的人或事物例如： Where is the doctor? 醫(yī)生在哪兒？3再次提到上文提到過的人或事物例如：I bought a dictionary

6、 yesterday. The dictionary is at home.昨天我買了本詞典。 詞典在家里。4用在大家所熟悉的、世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物例如： The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun®球比月亮大， 但比太陽/、。5用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前例如： Mr Wang teaches the first class.王先生上第一節(jié)課。Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth在所有的恒星中，太陽離地球最近。6用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示某一類人

7、或事物例如： The horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動物。7與下列專有名詞連用1）在江、河、湖、海、群島、山脈的名稱前例如： the Changjiang River, the Great Lake2)在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示夫婦二人或全家人例如：The Greens are sitting at the breakfast tabled 林一家人正圍坐在早餐桌旁。8和某些形容詞連用，表示一類人例如： the old 老人 the young 年輕人 the rich 富人 the poor 窮人 the sick 病人 the dead 死人9在一些習(xí)慣說法中

8、the east (west, south, north) in the morning (afternoon, evening) on the left (right)in the endgo to the cinema(四)不用冠詞的幾種情況1在專有名詞，抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前例如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?爾至 U過上海嗎？We love science.我們愛好科學(xué)。2在表示一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前例如： Girls can be scientists. 女孩子可以當(dāng)科學(xué)家。3在季節(jié)、月份、星期、一日三餐的名稱前例如：It is hot in summ

9、er.夏天天氣熱。Have you had breakfast?你吃過早飯沒有？It ' s Tuesday, August the 22nd天是八月二十二日，星期三。4稱呼語或表示頭銜，職務(wù)的名詞前例如： What' s the matter with you, Mike?怎么啦，邁克？He is headmaster of our school.他是我們學(xué)校的校長。5學(xué)科和球類運(yùn)動的名稱前例如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。Do you like to play football? 你喜歡踢足球嗎？6.名詞前已有用作定語的 this, that my,

10、 your, some, any, no, whose, every, each代詞時(shí)，不用冠詞例如： That is her bike。那是她的自行車Each student in his class studies hard這個(gè)班的每個(gè)學(xué)生都努力學(xué)習(xí)。7在某些固定詞組的名詞前例如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed1。三、隨堂監(jiān)測A 組I. 在下列句子的空格中填上適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方用“ /表示： ”1. This is old m

11、ap. It is useful map.2. We have no classes in afternoon on Saturday.3. spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers second.4. Beijing is capital of China. It is beautiful city.5. Roman was not built in day.6. Chinese is quite difficult language for Mike.7. Many students will take active part in sports

12、 meet.8. There is interesting picture on wall.9. Jenny found wallet lying on ground. wallet was Mr. Black s.10. Which is biggest, sun, moon, or earth?11. - Which picture is more beautiful? - one on left, I think.12. - Which is way to hospital?- Go down this road and turn left on second crossing.13.

13、more, better.14. Turners are sitting at breakfast table.15. Joe Hill was fighter for working class.16. When was People s Republic of China founded?17. In China first English textbooks were published in late nineteenth century.18. After breakfast he went to school on foot.19. Huanghe River lies in no

14、rth of China.20. He likes playing football. His sister likes playing piano.II. 單項(xiàng)選擇：1. 上學(xué)A. go to school2. 住院A,in the hospital3. 此刻A.at the moment4. 在課堂上A.in class5. 在地球上A.on earth6. 步行A.on foot7. 吃飯A.at a table8. go to the schoolB. in a hospitalB. at a momentB. in a classB. on an earthB. on the foo

15、tB. at the tableC. go to a schoolC. in hospitalC. at momentC. in the classC. on the earthC. on feetC. at table8. 乘公共汽車A. take busB. by busC. by the bus9. 在家A. at the homeB. at a home10. 在工作A. at workB. at the work11. 跳高A. jump highB. high jump12. 坐飛機(jī)A. by airB. by the air13. 乘火車A. by the trainB. by

16、train14. 在校學(xué)習(xí)A. in the schoolB. in schoolC. at homeC. at worksC. the high jumpC. on airC. on trainC. in schools15. 睡覺A. go to bed16. 感冒A. have a cold17. 乘船A. by shipB. go to the bedB. have the coldB. on shipC. go to a bedC. have coldC. by a ship18. 玩得痛快A. have good timesB. have a good timeC. have go

17、od timesC. in fact19. 事實(shí)上A. in the factB. in facts21. 從早到晚A. from morning to the evening B. from morning to evening C. from a morning to anevening四、隨堂監(jiān)測B組III. 選擇填空：1. There isold woman in the car.A. /B. theC. aD. an2. Shanghai is ineast of China.A. /B. anC. theD. a3. Bill isEnglish teacher. He likes

18、 playingfootball.A. a, theB. an, theC. a, /D. /, /4. The museum is quite far. It will take you halfhour to go there bybus.A. an, /B. an, aC. a, /D. /, /5. The story isinteresting. That means it isinteresting story.A. an, theB. the, a.C. /, anD. /, a6. Let s go forwalk, shal?lweA. aB. anC. theD. /7.

19、This isinteresting story-book and it is alsouseful one.A. a, aB. an, anC. an, a D. a, an8.woman over there ispopular teacher in our school.A. A, anB. The, aC. The , the D. A, the9. They passed our schoolday before yesterday.A. anB. oneC. aD. the10. Australia isEnglish-speaking country.A. aB. anC. th

20、eD. /11. Don t playbasketball here. Its dangerous.A. aB. anC. /D. the12. This isapple. Itbig apple.A. an, aB. a, theC. a, an D. an, the13. - Have you seenbag? I left it here just now.- Is itone on the chair near the door?A. A, theB. The, aC. A, anD. The, /A. a, aB. the, theC. a, theD. the, a14. I ha

21、ve blue coat.A. aB. anC. theD. some15. This is orange. orange is on the table.A. a, TheB. an, TheC. an, AnD. the, An16. Have you had breakfast?A. aB. anC. theD. /17. He wondered when the doctor couldfinish operation.A. aB.anC. theD.any18. After supper, he stayed at home and played violin.A. the, the

22、B./, theC. /, aD. /, /19. There is apple on the plate.A. aB. anC. theD. /20. He said that he got “ C” in the test.A. aB. anC. theD. /21. new bridge has been built over Huangpu River.A. The, aB. A, /C. A, the D. An, an22. English is useful language in world.A. an, theB. a, theC. the, the D. an, an23. In the word “ cariage ” “ r ” is lost.A. theB. anC. aD. /24. With the help o