英語(yǔ)II(1)課程課程教學(xué)大綱

1、英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)大綱（試行） 公共英語(yǔ)課英語(yǔ)II一、 教學(xué)對(duì)象本課程為廣播電視大學(xué)公共英語(yǔ)課，供各類專業(yè)的?？坪捅究聘鶕?jù)該專業(yè)的培養(yǎng)要求選擇開(kāi)設(shè)。二、 教學(xué)目的與要求通過(guò)英語(yǔ)課程的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生應(yīng)能掌握一定的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能，具有一定的讀、聽(tīng)、寫(xiě)、說(shuō)的能力，從而能借助詞典閱讀和翻譯一般性業(yè)務(wù)資料，在涉外交際的日常活動(dòng)和業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)中能進(jìn)行一般性的書(shū)面交流和簡(jiǎn)單的口頭交流，并為今后進(jìn)一步提高英語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用能力打下基礎(chǔ)。鑒于廣播電視大學(xué)實(shí)行開(kāi)放辦學(xué)，學(xué)生入學(xué)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)水平差異較大，公共英語(yǔ)課程設(shè)置不同層次的三個(gè)教學(xué)模塊，使各專業(yè)可以根據(jù)該專業(yè)培養(yǎng)要求和學(xué)生的具體條件為?？坪捅究七x擇開(kāi)設(shè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)課程。英語(yǔ)

2、I為公共英語(yǔ)課程的預(yù)備階段，?？茟?yīng)達(dá)到英語(yǔ)II的要求， 本科應(yīng)達(dá)到英語(yǔ)III的要求。英語(yǔ)課程在加強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能訓(xùn)練的同時(shí)，重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生實(shí)際使用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際的能力。 英語(yǔ)II的基本要求為： 通過(guò)本階段學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生應(yīng)能掌握2,800左右的常用詞匯（包括英語(yǔ)I要求掌握的1,600詞）以及相關(guān)的常用詞組；能夠掌握并正確運(yùn)用基本的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)；能夠聽(tīng)懂日常生活中發(fā)音清楚、語(yǔ)速較慢的簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話或陳述，并能用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)短的日常交談；能夠閱讀中等難度的一般題材的簡(jiǎn)短英文文字材料，理解正確，并能夠讀懂通用的簡(jiǎn)短實(shí)用文字材料，如通知、介紹和廣告等；能夠?qū)懞?jiǎn)短的應(yīng)用文，如日記、信函、通知等。三、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容與安

3、排英語(yǔ)II總學(xué)時(shí)為108學(xué)時(shí)，6個(gè)學(xué)分，分2個(gè)學(xué)期開(kāi)設(shè)，每學(xué)期54學(xué)時(shí)，3個(gè)學(xué)分。 本課程的教學(xué)內(nèi)容在選材上應(yīng)注重語(yǔ)言材料的真實(shí)性， 貼近生活， 富有時(shí)代氣息， 能夠?qū)W以致用； 內(nèi)容集知識(shí)性、趣味性與思想性為一體。（詳見(jiàn)附錄）四、 媒體使用與教學(xué)過(guò)程建議英語(yǔ)課程的教學(xué)媒體設(shè)計(jì)既要按照英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的自身規(guī)律，又要考慮不同教學(xué)媒體的特點(diǎn)，努力使兩者做到有機(jī)的結(jié)合。文字教材和錄音帶是本課程教學(xué)內(nèi)容的主要載體。文字教材的編寫(xiě)要便于學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)，注意學(xué)習(xí)能力和學(xué)習(xí)策略的培養(yǎng)，充分考慮成人業(yè)余學(xué)習(xí)的特點(diǎn)。錄音帶的主要作用是訓(xùn)練和提高學(xué)生的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力，其內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)要結(jié)合文字教材，為學(xué)生提供有聲的語(yǔ)言，同時(shí)要著意設(shè)計(jì)

4、能夠幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)說(shuō)教學(xué)要求的練習(xí)活動(dòng)。錄像/電視課是本課程的重要教學(xué)媒體，在較為系統(tǒng)地講授并操練語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和技能的同時(shí)，要注意發(fā)揮電視聲像結(jié)合的優(yōu)勢(shì)，為學(xué)生展現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言在真實(shí)環(huán)境中的使用并提供一定的文化背景知識(shí)。錄像/電視課應(yīng)為學(xué)生接觸真實(shí)、地道的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言提供條件，并能激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助學(xué)習(xí)課件和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)為英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)提供了更為豐富的語(yǔ)言素材和教學(xué)資源。本課程應(yīng)積極開(kāi)發(fā)此類交互性強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)代教學(xué)媒體，并充分利用學(xué)習(xí)小組、講座、英語(yǔ)角、多種媒體自學(xué)中心等，在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中為學(xué)生提供良好的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和支持服務(wù)。英語(yǔ)是實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的課程，學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程本身就是語(yǔ)言能力不斷提高的過(guò)程。本課程以學(xué)生利用多種

5、媒體教學(xué)資源自主學(xué)習(xí)為主，輔之以面授輔導(dǎo)課。輔導(dǎo)課除講解重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)和答疑外，應(yīng)開(kāi)展一些語(yǔ)言技能的訓(xùn)練，盡量為學(xué)生提供口頭交流的機(jī)會(huì)。五、 測(cè)試測(cè)試是檢查教學(xué)大綱執(zhí)行情況、評(píng)估教學(xué)質(zhì)量的一種有效手段，是獲取教學(xué)反饋信息的主要來(lái)源之一，是改進(jìn)教學(xué)工作的重要依據(jù)。本課程在考核學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的同時(shí)，應(yīng)著重考核學(xué)生實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。本課程的測(cè)試由形成性考核和課程終結(jié)考試兩部分組成，形成性考核占總成績(jī)的30%，課程終結(jié)考試占70%。形成性考核內(nèi)容和方式嚴(yán)格按照“開(kāi)放英語(yǔ)（1）形成性考核及學(xué)習(xí)檔案”的具體要求執(zhí)行。課程終結(jié)考試包括大綱規(guī)定掌握的基本語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能，按照各學(xué)期的“英語(yǔ)課程考核說(shuō)明”命

6、題。六、 教學(xué)中需注意的問(wèn)題1、 成人高等教育培養(yǎng)的是應(yīng)用型專門人才，英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)不僅應(yīng)注重打好語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)，更要注意培養(yǎng)實(shí)際應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言的能力， 在傳授語(yǔ)言、文化知識(shí)的同時(shí)， 注意思想、文化素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)。2、 重視語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律，正確處理讀、聽(tīng)、寫(xiě)、說(shuō)之間的關(guān)系，確保各項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言能力協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。尤其要注意在開(kāi)始階段加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力的培養(yǎng)，克服成人羞于開(kāi)口的心理障礙?？梢岳娩浺魩У让襟w手段設(shè)計(jì)一些跟讀、朗讀或自錄音的活動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生開(kāi)口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。3、 英語(yǔ)課程應(yīng)有助于學(xué)生開(kāi)闊視野，擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面，加強(qiáng)對(duì)世界的了解，進(jìn)一步提高文化素養(yǎng)。在教學(xué)中要注意文化和語(yǔ)言之間的密切的聯(lián)系，因?yàn)槲幕尘爸R(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)有助于促進(jìn)語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力

7、的提高。4、 英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)大綱中的分階段實(shí)施教學(xué)的設(shè)計(jì)使分類教學(xué)成為可能，各專業(yè)可根據(jù)專業(yè)培養(yǎng)要求和學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平選擇開(kāi)設(shè)不同層次的課程。對(duì)于英語(yǔ)水平距離專業(yè)基本要求相差較遠(yuǎn)的學(xué)生，應(yīng)在學(xué)習(xí)必修的英語(yǔ)課程之前利用較低層次的課程進(jìn)行補(bǔ)課。5、 電大教育的特點(diǎn)是“成人、業(yè)余、實(shí)用”。在教學(xué)中應(yīng)該充分發(fā)揮成人理解力、邏輯思維能力強(qiáng)，有一定的本族語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)和文化背景知識(shí)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)注意克服成人學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的不利因素，如模仿力較差、母語(yǔ)的干擾、怕開(kāi)口等。成人學(xué)生大多是從業(yè)人員，工學(xué)矛盾突出，自學(xué)時(shí)間難以保證，但是他們的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)明確，積極性高。因此，在編寫(xiě)教材和教學(xué)輔導(dǎo)中應(yīng)充分考慮到這些特點(diǎn)，如在選擇教學(xué)內(nèi)容時(shí)應(yīng)

8、本著“實(shí)用為主，夠用為度”的原則，在教學(xué)中應(yīng)講究方法，注意復(fù)習(xí)鞏固，充分調(diào)動(dòng)成人學(xué)習(xí)的有利因素，幫助學(xué)生選擇適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法，養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，提高自學(xué)的能力。附錄一功能意念表1 友好往來(lái)（1）問(wèn)候Hello/Hi.Good morning/afternoon/evening, etc.（2）告辭I'm afraid I must be going now.I think it's time for us to leave now.I've really got to go now.It's time I went home.（3）告別Good-bye/By

9、e/Bye-bye.Good night.See you tomorrow.（4）介紹A. This is Tom (and this is Amy).I'd like you to meet Mary.May I introduce (you to) Mr./Mrs./ Miss/Ms. Smith? B. How do you do?Glad to meet you.Nice meeting you, Fred. （5）感謝和應(yīng)答A. Thank you (very much).(Many ) thanks.I'm really grateful to you for yo

10、ur help. B. Not at all.You're welcome.Don't mention it.That's all right.（6）祝愿和祝賀A. Good luck!Best wishes for your holiday.Have a good time.Please give my best wishes to Linda.Please remember me to your family. B. Congratulations (on your success). (7) 道歉和應(yīng)答A. Sorry.Excuse me.B. Never min

11、d.It doesn't matter.That's nothing.（8）邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答A. Come in and have a cup of tea.What about having a drink?Would you like some ice cream?B. Thank you (very much).Yes, I'd love to.That's very kind of you, (but I'm on a diet). （9）提議、接受和謝絕A. Can I help you?Is there anything I can do for

12、you?Shall I carry the box for you?B. Yes, please.No, thank you (just the same).That's very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.（10）開(kāi)始和結(jié)束談話Nice day, isn't it?What a lovely day today!2. 交流補(bǔ)救（1）請(qǐng)求重復(fù)和解釋Uh, excuse me, could you repeat it?Could you say that again?（2）定義Linguistics may be define

13、d as the science of language.（3）確認(rèn)理解Got it?Do you see what I mean?（4）猶豫Let me see.How can I put it?（5）更正What I meant was that we should go on with the work.（6）補(bǔ)充In addition, I think we should take the cost into account.（7）插話Excuse me. Did you say that the party had to be put off?3態(tài)度（1）意愿I'm will

14、ing/ready to take the job.I will buy a new pair of glasses.（2）希望I wish to see you again.I hope you will get better soon.I wish I were younger. （3）意向I'm planning to move somewhere downtown.I feel like taking a hot bath now.（4）責(zé)任Do I have to finish it today?Should I look after the baby this evenin

15、g?Is it necessary for me to clean the room? I'm afraid you must/will have to stay home. （5）能力I can manage the job without help.I'm capable of running a mile in four minutes. （6）允許A. I wonder if I could possibly use your bicycle?B. Sure, go ahead.C. I'd rather you didn't. （7）同意和不同意A.

16、That's a good point.B. I'm afraid you're not quite right.（8）喜歡和不喜歡A. I like English poems very much.She loves doing shopping alone.B. He doesn't like wearing his hair long.I don't care much for hot food. （9）偏愛(ài)I prefer tea to coffee.I'd rather go by train than by plane.（10）原諒I

17、t's not your fault.Please don't blame yourself. （11）后悔I should have finished my essay earlier.（12）慰問(wèn)和同情I'm so sorry.Please accept my deep sympathy. （13）興趣That's quite tempting. I'm curious about that. （14）決心She's determined to go to Australia. I insist everybody be here at si

18、x sharp. Nothing will prevent me from accomplishing the task. （15）責(zé)怪和批評(píng)You are late again. Why didn't you tell me the truth? You shouldn't have done that. （16）抱怨I hate to have to say this, but it's too noisy here. （17）否定I don't think you are right.（18）讓步Even so/But it's still a f

19、act.（19）懷疑I doubt if we can finish it on time.I suspect the truth of her statement.（20）猶豫Well, let me see.（21）堅(jiān)持But you know that she's innocent.（22）忍受Well, we just have to accept that sort of thing.（23）冷淡I don't care what you do.It doesn't matter to me.4. 可能程度（1） 肯定和不肯定I'm not quite

20、 sure whether it will rain today.I doubt if he knows the truth. to be sure/certain of （2） 可能和不可能It is possible that he is out.It is unlikely that he should be at home. （3）預(yù)測(cè)It will be fine tomorrow.（4）猜測(cè)和相信I guess that he has got it.He must have read it before.We all believe that you are right.（5）看似

21、、好象He seems to be ignorant about it.She appears to be unwilling to go.It looks as if he knew a lot about it.5. 情感（1）驚奇What a surprise!I can hardly believe my ears/eyes.（2）滿意和高興It is well done.I'm pleased to know that.How wonderful!（3）憤怒或惱怒Isn't it annoying/irritating!What a stupid idiot! （4）

22、悲傷Oh, no! How could this happen to me?I can't take much more of this.（5）愿望I wish I were young again.（6）悔恨和失望Oh, what a pity /shame!That's too bad.（7）需求I need your help.I want you to read this report.（8）焦慮I'm so anxious about my job. She is rather worried about his health.（9）加重感情色彩What a

23、wonderful day! Thank you ever so much. It is far, far too expensive. （10）擔(dān)心和掛念I(lǐng)'m so worried about you.She is anxious to know the result.（11）害怕Don't be afraid.I was frightened to death when a tall man ran towards me.（12）期望I'm expecting a call.（13）贊賞What a marvelous play!I like your hairc

24、ut.6. 告戒（1）提醒Make sure you'll be there on time.Don't forget about your study.（2）請(qǐng)求Will you do me a favour?Would you mind helping me with the desk? （3）建議You'd better take an umbrella.I'd rather you did it again. Why don't you have a try?Let's take a short break.Shall we start

25、now?（4）推薦I recommend this book.（5）指導(dǎo)The first thing you have to do is open the cover, and then don't forget to press the button 'ON'.（6）警告Be careful!Take care!If you don't do it properly, I'll make you do it again.（7）勸說(shuō)Don't you think it would be better to leave right now?（8）

26、命令Be quiet.Don't shout in the corridor.（9）禁止You can't smoke here.You are not allowed to smoke here.（10）許諾I will pay you back next time.I give you my word that the goods will arrive on time.7. 時(shí)間（1）時(shí)刻She gets up at 7:00 every morning.The school will begin in September.（2）時(shí)段The concert lasted

27、two hours.His father will stay in Paris for five years.（3）頻度He should take the medicine twice a day.She usually wrote home every other week. （4）時(shí)序The cat ran here and there, first on this side, then on that side.（5）速度The students can read English at the speed of 200 words per minute. （6）同時(shí)Strike whi

28、le the iron is hot. （7）持續(xù)The professor has been teaching at the university for over thirty years. 8. 存在（1）存在和不存在Air exists nearly everywhere.There is not a soul in the room. (2)有和沒(méi)有The people in this country enjoy free medical care.The factory ran out of raw material. 9. 空間描述（1）位置He sits at the back

29、 of the room.The lab lies in the center of the university. （2）方向The post office is two blocks straight ahead.Turn left at the corner and go straightforward.（3）動(dòng)向The train is leaving for Beijing.towards; from（4）距離The school is within walking distance.（5）體積The two rooms are of the same size.The swimmi

30、ng pool is 25 metres in width, 50 metres in length and 2 metres in depth.10. 數(shù)量（1）數(shù)There are twenty students in the class.（2）量She has collected a great number of foreign stamps.There was a great amount of rain last month.（3）足量和不足量They have ample food and clothing.The pot plant died from want of wate

31、r.（4）過(guò)量The shirt is too large for Tom to wear.11質(zhì)（1）形狀I(lǐng)t is a U-shaped road.（2）顏色The leaves turn yellow in autumn.（3）材料The box is made of wood.（4）感覺(jué)The blind man has to feel his way forward.He has no sense of music.（5）質(zhì)地The silk feels very smooth.（6）價(jià)值A(chǔ) peasant woman found a priceless stone in her l

32、and.（7）自然狀況I don't feel well, just because of the jet-lag.12. 方法和手段The sheets are usually folded in this way. He decided to treat the patient surgically. The dumb can make themselves understood by means of gestures. 13. 功用The knife is used to cut things.The computer performs an important functio

33、n in modern society.14. 立論（1）例證The language skills, for example, speaking and writing, need to be practised.This relationship can be exemplified by the following ly; as follows（2）概括Generally speaking, job chances are much better for manual workers than for office workers.（3）推論It is argued

34、that books will no longer be necessary after each family owns a computer.（4）結(jié)論To sum up, it is no easy job to learn a foreign language.all in all; in conclusion; to conclude by saying（5）闡明It means you mustn't overtake.15. 計(jì)算和測(cè)量（1）基礎(chǔ)運(yùn)算If you multiply 3 by 4, you get 12.（2）倍數(shù)和百分比 In this school, m

35、en constitute only 40% of the teaching staff.This book is twice as thick as that one.（3）增加和減少The export increased in volumn by 10 percent over last year.There is a sharp drop of birth rate in this area.（4）基礎(chǔ)測(cè)量（長(zhǎng)、寬等）The table is four feet in length.The garden measures forty feet across.（5）近似值about; a

36、pproximately（6）平均值On the average, the author writes two books a year.to have an average of（7）比率和比例16 to 8 is in ratio of 2 to 1.The proportion of A to B is X to Y.（8）最大值和最小值The train has the maximum speed of 250 miles per hour.The minimum number of students in each room will be five.（9）估計(jì)The estimat

37、ed quantity of rice per acre is 5 tons.It is estimated that the work will take three months.16結(jié)構(gòu)（1）部分和整體The committee comprises nine professors.Our class consists of 40 students.（2）部分之間的聯(lián)系The staircase leads to the balcony.17關(guān)系（1）行為中和事物中的聯(lián)系They showed sympathy to the child.These facts are known by a

38、ll the schoolteachers.（2）對(duì)比關(guān)系on the one hand on the other hand; in spite of; on the contrary（3）比較關(guān)系He speaks English as well as she does.He is the slower of the two children.That is the most wonderful play I have ever seen.（4）所屬關(guān)系her promotion; a woman's college（5）邏輯關(guān)系A(chǔ)s it was raining hard, we

39、didn't go out yesterday.Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was dead.Though it was already midnight, he went on working.He failed the exam as a result of bad preparation.（6）分類English can be further divided into several sub-varieties.附錄二語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表1、 詞類（1） 名詞（2） 形容詞（3） 副詞（4

40、） 動(dòng)詞（5） 代詞（6） 冠詞（7） 數(shù)詞（8） 介詞（9） 連詞 (10) 驚嘆詞2、 名詞（1） 可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞（2） 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式（3） 專有名詞（4） 所有格3、 代詞（1） 人稱代詞（2） 物主代詞（3） 反身代詞（4） 指示代詞（5） 不定代詞（6） 疑問(wèn)代詞（7） 關(guān)系代詞4、 數(shù)詞（1） 基數(shù)詞（2） 序數(shù)詞（3） 分?jǐn)?shù)（4） 小數(shù)（5） 百分比5、 介詞6、 連詞7、 形容詞（1） 形容詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（2） 比較等級(jí)：原級(jí)/比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)8、 副詞（1） 功能：表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度、關(guān)系等（2） 比較等級(jí)：原級(jí)/比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)9、 冠詞10、動(dòng)詞（1） 基本形式A 現(xiàn)在時(shí)B 過(guò)去時(shí)C 過(guò)去分詞D -ing形式（2） 行為動(dòng)詞的及物性和不及物性（3） 系動(dòng)詞：be, get, look, seem, turn, grow, become等（4） 助動(dòng)詞：be, do, have, shall, will等（5） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can, may, must, ought to, need, dare等（6） 時(shí)態(tài)A 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)B 一般過(guò)去時(shí)C 一般將來(lái)時(shí)D 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)E 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)F