初三定語從句(區(qū)公開課)ppt課件

1、1 定語從句定語從句(1) Attributive clauses2Step 1 :開篇語開篇語1.定語從句是英語語法的重點(diǎn)，在文章的閱讀中有著舉定語從句是英語語法的重點(diǎn)，在文章的閱讀中有著舉 足輕重的地位，本課將從定語，先行詞，關(guān)系詞等核足輕重的地位，本課將從定語，先行詞，關(guān)系詞等核 心概念為你耐心講解；心概念為你耐心講解；2.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that/which/who/whom在句中作什么成分？在句中作什么成分？ 是否可以省略，本課通過典型例題為你支高招；是否可以省略，本課通過典型例題為你支高招；3Step 2: RevisionI do not know how to deal wit

2、h it .主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語主語主語 subject-表示句子所說的是表示句子所說的是“什么人什么人”或或“什么什么 事物事物”，也就是，也就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。謂語謂語 predicate-說明主語說明主語“做什么做什么”“”“是什么是什么”或者或者 “怎么樣怎么樣”， 也就是做了什么行為動(dòng)也就是做了什么行為動(dòng) 作或作或處于什么狀態(tài)處于什么狀態(tài)。賓語賓語object-表示表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，也就是動(dòng)作的接，也就是動(dòng)作的接 受者。受者。Colours influence our moods.主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語4Step 3: Lead inPle

3、ase guess the Chinese meaning of the following proverbs(諺語) : 1.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.God helps those who help themselves.3. He who laughs last laughs best.Tips:在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中請(qǐng)注意積累相關(guān)的諺語或成語，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中請(qǐng)注意積累相關(guān)的諺語或成語， 不僅可以掌握相關(guān)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還可以靈活地運(yùn)不僅可以掌握相關(guān)的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還可以靈活地運(yùn) 用到寫作當(dāng)中，給文章增色用到寫作當(dāng)中

4、，給文章增色5Step 4: Learn attributive clauses 6Task1: Learn some knowledge about the attributive clauses 1.定語定語2.定語從句定語從句3.先行詞和關(guān)系詞先行詞和關(guān)系詞4.關(guān)系詞的作用關(guān)系詞的作用5.定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)71.什么是定語什么是定語(attribute)？I like the colours.Which colours? energetic8an ancient countrythe colour of wisdomthe high-speed railway connecti

5、ng A to Bthe person who has influenced me most定語定語-是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語、或句子。漢語中常翻譯成是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語、或句子。漢語中常翻譯成“的的”9前置定語前置定語-單詞單詞、或單個(gè)的分詞單個(gè)的分詞做定語時(shí)通常放在它 修飾的詞之前做前置定語 1.Wu Wei is a born artist. 2.Tan Dun loves the sounds of the rushing water.后置定語后置定語-介詞短語介詞短語、分詞短語分詞短語和定語從句從句通常放在它所 修飾 的詞之后，作后置定語 1.Pe

6、ople in cold areas prefer warm colours in their homes.2.The Diary was written by a girl named Anne Frank.3.He care for the children who have lost their parents.4. The blood he has donated is enough to save over 70 lives.10I prefer the pencil. which one ?The pencil cost me 10 yuan.I prefer cost me 10

7、 yuan.which/thatThe pencilthe pencil .2.什么是定語從句什么是定語從句(attributive clause)？定語從句定語從句-在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子11定語從句定語從句-在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子1.He never forgets the things he needs to do.2.You should pay no attention to those who laugh at you.3.He gave our TV to family who could not aff

8、ord one. Tips:定語從句是修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句定語從句是修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句,于是我們只要于是我們只要 找到了被修飾的名詞或代詞，則修飾它的句子就是定語找到了被修飾的名詞或代詞，則修飾它的句子就是定語 從句。從句。12 3.什么是先行詞和關(guān)系詞？什么是先行詞和關(guān)系詞？13 My dad has a friend who/that is good at English.定語從句定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who/that為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中代替為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中代替friend.先行詞先行詞 My dad has a friend. He is good at English.

9、 3.先行詞先行詞是被定語從句所修飾的詞是被定語從句所修飾的詞,通常是名通常是名 詞或代詞。詞或代詞。 4.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞， 在從句中替代先行詞。在從句中替代先行詞。 注意注意: 從句必須緊跟在先行詞后。從句必須緊跟在先行詞后。 14 4. 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞(relative pronoun) 的作用是什么呢？的作用是什么呢？a引導(dǎo)定語從句；引導(dǎo)定語從句；b代替先行詞（先行詞的一個(gè)替代形式）；代替先行詞（先行詞的一個(gè)替代形式）； He wrote many books. The books sold well.- He wrote many books

10、 which/that sold well.c在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分-主語或賓語主語或賓語I dont like the man that/who is smoking.（主語）This is the reply (that/which) Ive just received. (賓語)155.定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu).先行詞（名詞先行詞（名詞/代詞）代詞）+關(guān)系代詞（關(guān)系代詞（who/which/that/whom)+ .1.He never forgets the things that/which he needs to do.2.You should pay

11、 no attention to those that/who laugh at you.3.Do you know the teachers that/who are sitting in our classroom now? 16Task 2: How to make a attributive clause ?17將兩個(gè)句子合并成定語從句將兩個(gè)句子合并成定語從句Match the two sentences1.Im reading an article. The article is about Tom.Im reading an article that/which is about

12、Tom.2. She is a teacher. The teacher teaches us English.She is a teacher that/who teaches us English.3. Where is the coat? You bought it last week.Where is the coat which/that you bought last week? 1.找先行詞找先行詞 2.換關(guān)系換關(guān)系詞 3.抄其余部分抄其余部分18Task 3: How to use relative pronouns?如何使用關(guān)系代詞如何使用關(guān)系代詞that/which/who

13、/whom？19which 代替事物，在從句中充當(dāng)主語和賓語代替事物，在從句中充當(dāng)主語和賓語1.I cant find the letter. The letter came this morning. 2.Please give me the book. The book is about travel.3.This is the bag. My mother bought it last week.4. The house is made of wood. Jack built the house. This is the bag which my mother bought last w

14、eek.I cant find the letter which came this morning.Please give me the book which is about travel.The house which Jack built is made of wood. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí),可以省略可以省略,做主語時(shí)做主語時(shí),不能省略。不能省略。 / /thatthatthatthat/that20that代替人，在從句中充當(dāng)主語和賓語。代替人，在從句中充當(dāng)主語和賓語。1.The boy is called Tom. The boy broke the

15、window.The boy that broke the window is called Tom.2.Mr. Li is the person. You talked with the person on the bus.Mr. Liu is the person that you talked with on the bus. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)，可以省略。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)，可以省略。 /21who代替人代替人.在從句中可充當(dāng)在從句中可充當(dāng) 主語。主語。Do you know the girl?which girl?1.The girl is running on the

16、grass.2. The girl likes singing very much.1.Do you know is running on the grass.2.Do you know likes singing very much. who whothe girlThe girlthe girlThe girl?22who / whom代替人代替人,在從句中充當(dāng)賓語。在從句中充當(dāng)賓語。 He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man I told you about . The man is a teacher. I saw the m

17、an just now. The man is a teacher. whoI saw just now whomthe man whowhomhim.23指人指人指物指物主語主語賓語賓語that whichwhowhomSummary 關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法 How to use Relative pronouns?何時(shí)可以省略？何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語時(shí)可以省略做賓語時(shí)可以省略24小結(jié)：小結(jié)：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，既可指人，也可指物，作主語， 不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。which指物，作主語，不能省略；作指物，作主語，不能省略；作 賓語，可以

18、省略賓語，可以省略.who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓 語，可以省略語，可以省略,（常用（常用whom）25Task 4 強(qiáng)調(diào)特例強(qiáng)調(diào)特例26(1)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)， 定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞決定。定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞決定。1.Those who against the plan put up your hands. (be)2.The man who next to ours sells vegetables. (live) 3.Tom is one of the students who prais

19、ed by the teacher yesterday.(be)are liveswere 4.Tom is the only one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday. (be) was27(2)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略，作關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略，作 主語則不可。主語則不可。1. Did you read the book _ I lend to you ? A. whose B. / C. who D. what2. Did you read the book _was popular at th

20、e moment. A. that B. / C. who D. what BA28（3）關(guān)系代詞有時(shí)只能用）關(guān)系代詞有時(shí)只能用 that , 不可用不可用 which, 初中常初中常 見的有以下兩種情況見的有以下兩種情況That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.2.先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物

21、時(shí)先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)1.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)29Task 5: Do exercises30Exercise 1:1. The woman _ is in red is his mother. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which2. We saw a film _ was about an old story. A. when B. who C. that D. where3. I only eat food _ is healthy. A. that B. who C. where D. whose 4.

22、I like singers _ different kinds of music. A. who plays B. who play C. who can plays D. whom plays31 The boy _ is standing under the tree is my friend Tom. He lives in a house _ stands on a hill. That little girl_ Tom often helps is his sister Mary. The bird _ is singing in the cage is Toms too. Bob is his dog _ Tom and Mary often play with. The dog is great. Yesterday he caught a thief _running away. Exercise 2: 用用who/whom/which/that填空填空who/thatwhich/tha