林業(yè)詞匯中英文.doc

1、林業(yè)詞匯2009-5同齡林forest consisting of even-aged stand (trans.)掠奪式經(jīng)營(yíng)exploitation management； high grading間歇經(jīng)營(yíng)、間歇經(jīng)營(yíng)林；間歇作業(yè)intermittentproduction；forest under intermittentmanagement林分經(jīng)營(yíng)；林分管理stand management ； management on a stand basis立木蓄積、立木度stocking (=d)更新作業(yè)法；作業(yè)法silvicultural system稽核；照查control永續(xù)林；恒續(xù)林con

2、tinuous cover forest永續(xù)林經(jīng)營(yíng)；永續(xù)林施業(yè)；恒續(xù)林施業(yè)continuous cover forest management system單木作業(yè)；單采作業(yè)；單木施業(yè)forest management by individual trees掠奪式伐采exploitation劃伐、傘伐混合作業(yè)；群狀傘伐作業(yè)shelterwood group system； group shelterwoodsystem劃伐作業(yè)；群狀擇伐作業(yè)groupselectionsystem ；group selection management經(jīng)營(yíng)林；施業(yè)林；生產(chǎn)林managed forest營(yíng)林監(jiān)督f

3、orest inspection森林經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃； 森林經(jīng)營(yíng) ( 學(xué) ) forestmanagement (>) ；forestmanagement planning(neol.)森林法forest act；forest ordinance； forest law營(yíng)林監(jiān)督forest inspection森林條例；森林法令forest ordinance林業(yè)政策；森林政策forest policy林業(yè)；林學(xué)forestry林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)；林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)forest economics高山林；山岳林；山地林mountain forest大面積傘伐作業(yè)；大面積傘狀天然下種法；廣狀傘伐更新法uniform

4、 shelterwood system小面積集團(tuán)森林經(jīng)營(yíng)group management喬林；用材林high forest喬林作業(yè)high forest system木材需求；木材需要demand for wood木材供銷；木材獲得timber supply木材生產(chǎn)timber production； wood production原木分級(jí)；材種；原木檢尺timber assortment木材消費(fèi)wood consumption； timber consumption木材供給wood procurement林產(chǎn)業(yè)；木材工業(yè)；木材加工業(yè)timber industry； wood processi

5、ng industry禁止皆伐clear fell ban； prohibition of clear cutting皆伐作業(yè) (法 )clearcutting system； crearfelling system地景經(jīng)營(yíng)；地景施業(yè)；景觀施業(yè)landscape management地景保護(hù)；景觀保護(hù)landscape protection闊葉樹林broadleaved forest； hardwood forest多目標(biāo) (利用)林業(yè)multiple-use management； multi-use management混交林；混合林；混生林mixed woodland； mixed fo

6、rest中林；矮林；萌芽林coppice with standards中林作業(yè)；矮林保殘作業(yè)法coppice with standards system； composite forest system；storied coppice system（ UK）針葉樹林coniferous forest近天然經(jīng)營(yíng)林分；近自然經(jīng)營(yíng)之林分near to nature forest； naturally managedforest天然林；自然林；自生林natural forest； indigenous forest矮林；萌芽林coppice forest； sprout forest； low for

7、est矮林擇伐作業(yè)；擇伐矮林作業(yè)coppice selection system矮林作業(yè)；簡(jiǎn)單 ( 單純 ) 矮林作業(yè)simple coppice system正規(guī)林業(yè)；正規(guī)森林經(jīng)營(yíng)；合法的林業(yè)regulated forest management人工林經(jīng)營(yíng)plantation management擇伐作業(yè)selection system；single tree selection system擇伐林selection forest； plenter-wood環(huán)狀劃伐；帶狀劃伐；帶進(jìn)孔狀傘伐strip-and-group felling (>)帶狀劃伐；帶進(jìn)群狀傘伐作業(yè)strip-and

8、-group felling system帶狀伐采作業(yè)strip cutting system； strip felling system速生林作業(yè)free growth management傘伐作業(yè)法shelterwood method； shelterwood system異齡混交法；混合林；混交林highly structured forests保殘木作業(yè)；二段喬林作業(yè)；保殘喬林作業(yè)highforestwithreserves (system) ；high forest with standards（ system ）原始林；原生林virgin forest蓄積保育management

9、of the growing stock森林forest育林 ( 學(xué) ) ；造林；造林學(xué)silviculture森林利用 (學(xué) )forest utilization； forest utilisation森林生態(tài)系forest ecosystem牧野經(jīng)營(yíng)；牧野管理；草原管理pasture management ； range management再造林義務(wù)replant duty； legal obligation to replant作業(yè)級(jí)；事業(yè)區(qū)working circle森林調(diào)查專家 ( 員 ) ；森林調(diào)查專業(yè)人員forest inventory specialist森林經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃之歸納

10、及演繹計(jì)劃法；森林經(jīng)營(yíng)( 經(jīng)理 ) 之歸納及演繹法indicative anddeductive forest management methods森林生長(zhǎng)控制control of forest growth (trans.)績(jī)效檢驗(yàn)performance test永續(xù)林業(yè)；永續(xù)森林經(jīng)營(yíng)sustainable forest management永續(xù)性；保續(xù)；永續(xù)sustainablility永續(xù)作業(yè)；永續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)sustained-yield management永續(xù)準(zhǔn)則；永續(xù)基準(zhǔn)sustainability criteria永續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)調(diào)整；永續(xù)經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)整(調(diào)整)sustained yield reg

11、ulation禁伐；禁伐令；禁止開發(fā)preservation order； exploitation ban再生產(chǎn)reproduction超伐；過(guò)伐overcutting；overfelling伐采齡felling age樹齡，林齡age齡階；齡級(jí)區(qū)分age gradation齡級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)；齡級(jí)分布；齡級(jí)構(gòu)成age calss distribution林木界限；樹限；喬木界限timber line； tree line林業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)單元 ( 單位 )management unit林緣；林分邊界stand edge； edge of a stand林分安全性 ( 穩(wěn)定性 )stand stability經(jīng)

12、營(yíng)安全性；低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之森林經(jīng)營(yíng)；森林經(jīng)營(yíng)之風(fēng)險(xiǎn)回避( 低危險(xiǎn) ) low-risk forestmanagement財(cái)政輪伐期；理財(cái)?shù)妮喎テ趂inancial rotation面積加權(quán)平均林齡；森林之加權(quán)平均林齡weighed averageage of aforest(trans.)伐采方向；伐木倒向felling direction伐采周期；回歸期；循環(huán)期felling cycle； cutting cycle次序；優(yōu)先級(jí)；順序order天然林演替相；天然林演替階段；天然林之發(fā)育過(guò)程( 階段 ) development phases of(natural) forests森林經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃期；計(jì)劃期

13、間；作業(yè)計(jì)劃期planningperiod ；forestmanagementperiod ； working plan period擇伐作業(yè)體系；擇伐作業(yè)forest selection system生產(chǎn)期；生產(chǎn)時(shí)間；生產(chǎn)性作業(yè)時(shí)間production time； productive time林緣保護(hù)；林分邊緣保護(hù)edge protection空間次序；收獲地域(地點(diǎn) )順序spatial order林緣(緣條)；境界edge； border伐采順序 ( 序列 )cutting sequence； felling sequence伐采順序規(guī)劃；伐采序列cutting order； fell

14、ing order伐采管理harvest management伐采序列felling series經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃起始日；經(jīng)營(yíng)計(jì)劃之開始日starting date of a management plan (trans.)生態(tài)穩(wěn)定性ecological stability工藝輪伐期technical rotation林衣；林套forest mantle收獲周期；回歸年( 期 )harvesting cycle； cutting cycle輪伐期rotation； rotation length最大材積收獲輪伐期；材積收獲最多之輪伐期rotation of maximum volume product

15、ion最大收益輪伐期； 金錢總收益最高之輪伐期rotationof maximumcash flow ；maximumcash flow rotation最大土地凈收益輪伐期；土地純收益最高之輪伐期rotation of maximum soil rent最大森林凈收益輪伐期；森林純收益最高之輪伐期rotation of maximum income；rotation of the highest net income伐期齡；輪伐期rotation age更新級(jí)regeneration class更新期regeneration interval； regeneration period預(yù)測(cè)fo

16、recast； prognosis ； prediction森林覆蓋率；森林占有率；森林率percent forest cover森林結(jié)構(gòu)；森林構(gòu)造forest structure； forest composition森林界限；樹木界限forest boundary； forest limit抗風(fēng)力；暴風(fēng)抗力；耐風(fēng)力；風(fēng)阻力 windthrowresistance；wind resistance ；windfirmness森林經(jīng)營(yíng)單元；森林經(jīng)營(yíng)單位forest management unit經(jīng)濟(jì)伐期economic maturity收獲時(shí)序；收獲次序temporal order時(shí)間序列tim

17、e series時(shí)間序列分析；時(shí)序分析time series analysis收獲表yield table理想立木度；法正蓄積；理想蓄積normal stocking理想蓄積growing stock；ideal standing volume地方收獲表local yield table材積收獲volumetric yield法正齡級(jí)分布normal (ideal) age classdistribution法正蓄積normal growing stock法正林；理想林；正規(guī)林normal forest法正林模式；理想林模式normal forest model；ideal forest mo

18、del現(xiàn)實(shí)林actual forest (trans.)材種別收獲表；利用材積收獲表assortment yield table材種別收獲表assortment table法正計(jì)算上之裸地；理論上之無(wú)立木地；理論上之未立木地theoretical clearfellarea林況forest condition目標(biāo)蓄積target growing stock目標(biāo)林target forest（ trans. ）生長(zhǎng)表increment table間伐 ( 疏伐 ) 收獲；中間收獲intermediate yield所有權(quán)型；財(cái)產(chǎn)歸屬types of ownership土地利用型；土地利用分類lan

19、d-use classification地塊；林分；土地區(qū)分parcel； land parcel森林使用權(quán)forest right；right of forest use；（ forest privilege）森林企業(yè)；林業(yè)企業(yè)；森林事業(yè)體forest enterprise森林所有權(quán)；森林地產(chǎn)forest estate森林所有權(quán)分割；森林所有之分割forest fragmentation； fragmentation of forestholdings非生產(chǎn)林；保護(hù)林non-productive forest (trans.)保安林protected forest (=d)游憩地；森林游憩林

20、；森林游樂(lè)林recreational forest小面積林叢；灌叢；萌生 ( 芽) 林；矮林copse教學(xué)林；展示林；實(shí)驗(yàn)林；試驗(yàn)林demonstrationforest ；instructionforest ；trainingforest ； university forest未經(jīng)營(yíng)林；未施業(yè)林unmanaged forest森林公園forest park；park forest保安林protection forest森林保護(hù)法案；保安林之劃定forest protection act森林功能；森林機(jī)能；森林利用forest use； forest land use； forset func

21、tion森林功能分類；森林機(jī)能分類forest land use class森林帶；樹林帶forest belt； woodland belt森林步道forest nature trail； forest walk限制林；限制使用林limited use forest (trans. )保存林；預(yù)備林forest reserve； reserved forest防風(fēng)林帶；保護(hù)林帶shelterbelt； windbreak經(jīng)濟(jì)林；生產(chǎn)林commercial forest； production forest森林公益功能；森林公益機(jī)能；森林社會(huì)效益( 利益 ) social benefits o

22、f forests林班compartment； forest compartment林班界compartment boundary林分stand小班界；林分界sub-compartment boundary； stand boundary防火帶；防火線fire break； fire line森林地域forest area鑒界；境界補(bǔ)正；境界糾正boundary correction； rectification of boundaries林地forest land非生產(chǎn)地；非林地；除地non-productive forest land林區(qū)管理處forest district苗圃nurser

23、y；tree nursery； forest nursery林區(qū)；森林區(qū)forest range； range保護(hù)帶；保護(hù)林 ( 樹 ) 帶；緩沖帶 protection belt； protection strip； buffer strip調(diào)查單位；抽查單位survey unit； inventory unit小班sub-compartment準(zhǔn)小班；造林地號(hào)；小班stand絕對(duì)的森林土壤；限適森林的土壤soil only suitable for forest (trans.)森林劣化、土壤劣化forest degradation土壤的；土壤因素的edaphic收獲水平；生產(chǎn)水平y(tǒng)iel

24、d level方位； a 坡向；斜面方向aspect； direction of slope森林植物社會(huì)學(xué)(forest ) plant sociology霜孔；易受霜害地frost hollow傾斜角；坡度 ( 降 ) ；梯度gradient自然度naturalness潛在自然森林社會(huì)/ 植群；潛在自然植生potential natural forest community地貌；起伏度relief立地調(diào)查； 生育地調(diào)查； 地況調(diào)查； 土地測(cè)繪 sitesurvey ；sitemapping；site apparaisal；site apparaisement立地描述，生育地描述；土地描述；地

25、況記載site description；destription of site地位指數(shù)；土地指數(shù)；地位指標(biāo)site index立地因子，生育地因子site factor立地型；生育地型；地位型site type森林生物生態(tài)空間調(diào)查；森林小區(qū)測(cè)繪forest biotope mapping森林土壤forest soil森林區(qū)；森林地帶forest region森林社會(huì)；森林生態(tài)體系forest community； forest association林型；森林型forest type森林荒蕪；森林破壞forest destruction生長(zhǎng)區(qū)；生長(zhǎng)區(qū)域growth region生長(zhǎng)區(qū)域；生長(zhǎng)范

26、圍；森林帶growth zone良木cull； reject ； cull wood尖削度；尖梢；梢殺high taper林齡查定；林齡調(diào)查age determination枝條材；枝材branchwood枝條性branchiness無(wú)節(jié)knot-free尖削系數(shù)；尖削度；尖削指數(shù)taper coefficient樹木；喬木tree樹種pecies； tree species樹高tree height樹木形數(shù)tree form factor樹木材積total tree volume樹型級(jí)tree class測(cè)樹mensuration林木材積式；干材積式tree volume equation；

27、 volume equation ； tariff number胸高breast height .)可利用材；成材；可利及費(fèi)材(材積)merchantable timber volume可利用材積形數(shù)；材積形數(shù)timber form factor肥大生長(zhǎng)；直徑生長(zhǎng)diamemter growth尖削；直徑遞減taper直徑級(jí)；直徑階diameter calss直徑生長(zhǎng) ( 量 ) ；肥大生長(zhǎng)diameter increment； diameter growth定期平均生長(zhǎng)量periodic average increment材積表(uniform) tariff晉級(jí)生長(zhǎng)ingrowth精英樹；

28、菁英樹；特優(yōu)樹elite tree； champion tree剝皮peeling； bark removal ； debarking ； barking去皮材積；收獲實(shí)材積cubic meter under bark (m3u. b.)收獲損失harvest loss； harvest waste連皮材積（ fm）；含皮材積；實(shí)積立方公尺cubic meter over bark（ . ）形狀高；樹形高 form height； volume/basal area ratio； tree form height形狀高生長(zhǎng)；樹形高生長(zhǎng)form height increment形率；形商；直徑率

29、form quotient形數(shù)；形狀系數(shù)form factor (f)胸高斷面積basal area (b. a.)胸高斷面積表；斷面積表；圓面積表tableof basalareas ； basal-area table ； table ofsectional areas樹干解析stem analysis樹高生長(zhǎng)height growth年輪解析analysis of annual rings； tree ring analysis年輪；生長(zhǎng)輪growth ring； annual ring輪尺callipers； caliper直徑測(cè)定diamter measurement最小測(cè)量徑級(jí)；測(cè)

30、徑界限；直徑界限minimum dbh (by inventory)樹冠crown樹冠（林冠）結(jié)構(gòu)；樹冠構(gòu)造crown structrue樹冠直徑；冠徑crown width樹冠級(jí)crown class材積輪尺volumetric callipers闊葉樹broadleaved tree； hardwood tree期間生長(zhǎng)量；當(dāng)年生長(zhǎng)量current increment連年生長(zhǎng)量current annual increment原木檢尺；伐木檢尺(測(cè)定 )measurement of felled timber常設(shè)標(biāo)志；測(cè)標(biāo)measurement mark測(cè)定位置measurement loc

31、ation中央直徑mid-diameter中央周圍；中央圓周mid-girth母樹mother tree針葉樹conifer； softwood tree定期生長(zhǎng)量periodic increment精英樹；優(yōu)型樹；選留樹plus tree； selected tree暴長(zhǎng)木；暴露木wolf tree層積立方公尺cubic meter stacked自記輪尺；電子輪尺recording cal(l)iper(s)皮材率；樹皮率bark deduction；bark allowance； bark factor樹皮厚度計(jì)；樹皮計(jì)；樹皮測(cè)定器bark gauge原木log樹干；干材；主干stem；

32、 trunk ； bole樹干形質(zhì)stem quality樹干級(jí)；樹型級(jí)stem quality class樹干形數(shù)stem form factor形狀比height-dbh ratio區(qū)分求積volune measurement by sections原木分等；材種分等log grading； grading of logs； grading of stems樹干；主干stem樹干長(zhǎng)stem length； timber length萌芽；萌條；萌糱coppice shoot；stool shoot； sucker ； sprout簡(jiǎn)化材積表tariff保留木；保存木；保殘木reservin

33、g of standards胸高圓周長(zhǎng)；胸高周圍長(zhǎng)girth breast height (gbh)連皮圓周長(zhǎng)；連皮周圍長(zhǎng)girth over bark去皮圓周長(zhǎng)；無(wú)皮周圍長(zhǎng)girth under bark周圍生長(zhǎng)量；圓周生長(zhǎng)量girth increment可利用最小直徑；最小利用直徑diameter limit活力；生長(zhǎng)力vitality每木調(diào)查complete enumeration材積timber volume材積收獲volume yield；volume production材積表volume table； log rule材積生長(zhǎng) (量 )volume increment生長(zhǎng)參數(shù)；測(cè)

34、定要素growth parameters； increment parameters生長(zhǎng)率；成長(zhǎng)率；生長(zhǎng)速率growth percent； increment percent價(jià)值成長(zhǎng)value increment本文來(lái)自:林學(xué)苑網(wǎng)詳細(xì)出處請(qǐng)參考：樹梢；梢top生長(zhǎng)活力；生長(zhǎng)潛力vigour生長(zhǎng)形；生長(zhǎng)型；生育型growth form末端直徑；末口直徑；末徑top (end) diameter； small end diameter主林木；主伐木；收獲樹final crop tree；future tree； crop tree容許誤差allowance增長(zhǎng)量；生長(zhǎng) ( 量 ) ；增量incre

35、ment生長(zhǎng)錐increment borer增長(zhǎng)系數(shù)；生長(zhǎng)率；生長(zhǎng)系數(shù)increment coefficient受壓木；中庸木intermediate tree株距；株距值tree spacing平均年生長(zhǎng)量；齡級(jí)平均增長(zhǎng)量mean annual increment樹高生長(zhǎng)曲線 height curve； height development curve； height age curve人工新造林地；次生幼齡林establishment算術(shù)平均樹高arithmetic mean height算術(shù)平均直徑arithmetic mean diameter人工幼齡林；人造幼齡林pre-thicke

36、t母樹林；選留木林分；特優(yōu)母樹林elite stand；selected stand ； selected crop樹種混淆；混淆species mixture； mixture桿材木；老齡林pole size timber樹層；喬木層tree layerfillerfinal crop立木株數(shù)；株數(shù)；立木數(shù)number of stems建造期；成林期間establishment period樹冠被覆；林冠披覆cover； crown cover ； canopy cover林分密度stand density林分發(fā)育；林分生育期 ( 階段 ) stand development； develo

37、pment of a stand林分形數(shù)stand form factor林分胸高斷面積；林分胸高斷面積合計(jì)stand basal area林內(nèi)孔隙；林隙；林分未遮蔽率clearing林分剖面；林分?jǐn)嗝鎴Dstand profile； cross-section of a stand林分結(jié)構(gòu)；林分構(gòu)造 stand structure； constitutionof a stand ； structure of a stand蓄積結(jié)構(gòu)；蓄積構(gòu)造growing stock structure立木度；林分密度指數(shù)stand density index地位級(jí)；立地位級(jí)site class可利用材積生長(zhǎng)量

38、；利用材積生長(zhǎng)量merchantable timber increment郁閉期；叢林；壯齡林thicket斷面積平均木直徑 quadratic mean diameter；diameter of mean basal area tree斷面積中央木直徑；中央斷面積直徑median dbh40%百分位胸徑； 40%規(guī)則的平均胸徑mean dbh according to the 40% rule直徑分布diameter distribution平均總生長(zhǎng)量；總平均生長(zhǎng)量mean gross increment標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樹高曲線standard height curve單層林single-storie

39、d stand冰霜害ice damage主伐林分；主伐木；主伐收獲暫植木；補(bǔ)植木總收獲材積total volume； total yield郁閉林分；最大蓄積林分fully stocked stand同齡林；同齡林分even-aged stand均質(zhì)林分；一齊林；均勻林分；同形林；同質(zhì)林uniform stand樹群；群group； group of trees伐期平均生長(zhǎng)量final mean annual increment； average yield class主要樹種main tree species主林分；主林木；主伐木main crop ；principal crop；main

40、stand ； principal stand優(yōu)勢(shì)木dominant crop次要樹種；副樹種；補(bǔ)助的混交樹種；經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值少的樹種nurse species； auxiliaryspecies ； accessory species斷面積平均木樹高h(yuǎn)eight of mean basal area tree； mean height斷面積中央木樹高median height40%百分位樹高；40%規(guī)則的樹高h(yuǎn)eight according to the 40% rule樹高曲線height curve； diameter-height curve林分水平結(jié)構(gòu)；林分水平構(gòu)造horizontal s

41、tand structure團(tuán)；灌木；樹叢see“ group ”未成熟材；未熟材juvenile wood幼齡生長(zhǎng)；幼齡林；叢狀林thicket每木調(diào)查表；調(diào)查表；檢尺簿；野帳；明細(xì)表tally sheet； measurement list胸高斷面積平均木；斷面積平均木mean basal area tree冠層；林冠；樹冠canopy樹冠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；樹冠競(jìng)合crown competition樹冠層；林冠層crown layer樹冠郁閉度；林冠密度crown closure； crown cover灌叢；樹形不良林分；矮林；灌木林scrub (stand)連年總平均年生長(zhǎng)量；連年生長(zhǎng)量total

42、 mean increment復(fù)層林multi-storied stand混合(交)樹種associated species林分平均胸高直徑；林木平均直徑mean diameter； average diameter林分平均樹高average height； stand height平均樹高Lorey's mean height中央木；平均木mean tree天然修枝；天然落枝；自行修枝natural pruning； self pruning次要樹種；副樹種；從屬種secondary species； subordinates pecies附屬林分secondary crop上層樹高

43、；上木高度top height； height of dominant trees強(qiáng)勢(shì)木生產(chǎn)力；生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)；地位指數(shù)productivity index上層overstor(e)y； uppermost layer； upper stor(e)y上層木overwood； upper crop先驅(qū)樹種pioneer species； pioneer形質(zhì)生長(zhǎng) (量 )quality increment； increase in quality成熟林mature stand純林pure stand；pure crop采運(yùn)損傷；出材損傷extraction damage采種林；母樹林seed stand； parent stand損害；疵傷；損傷defect； damage樹( 林 ) 冠疏密度canopy density雪害snow damage株距；干距tree spacing；spacing(between trees)； espacement立木位置圖；直徑分布