SCI科技論文寫作常用句型大全修訂版

1、SCI科技凍丈寫作常用句型丸全修訂版IBMT StandardiZatiOn OffiCe IBMT5AB-IBMT08-IBMT2C-ZZT18 J好的論文題目是成功的一半好的論文，每一個部分都需要精雕細琢。我們先來看看Science, NatUre子刊上用的都 是些什么題目，到底這些題IJ暗含哪些玄機？以下是從2016年發(fā)表的論文中隨機挑選的 一些題目，我將其做了一下簡單的分類：1. Water SPIitting - biosynthetic SyStem With CO：?reduction efficiencies?exceeding?PhOtOSyntheSiS(Science,

2、2016, 352, 1210)類似：SCaIabIe Water SPlitting On PartiCUIate PhOtOCataIySt SheetS With aSOIar-to-hydrogen energy COnVerSiOn efficiency?exceeding?l%?(NatUre MaterialS2016, 15,611-615)這種題U適合哪類文章？適合于那種性能極其顯著的文章(可以創(chuàng)紀錄的文章)，比如說NOCera et al.的?SCienCe, 2016, 352, 1210,直接與光合作用進行對比，給人的震撼是非常強的。這種對比效果能夠一下子抓住人們的眼球

3、，吸引著讀者進行閱讀。要點：使用這樣的題Ll首先你的實驗結果得夠牛，你對于實驗結果要足夠自信，對于背景知識的了解得要足夠深。因為取這樣的題Ll意味著你要真正達到了某一個高度。如果明明有很多大海在那里，你個小池塘和小水坑進行比較，那么會鬧笑話的。2 1 QUantifying?the PrOmOtiOn Of CU CataIyStS by ZnO for methanol SyntheSiS (?SCienCe,2016, 352, 969-974.)2. 2?EXPIOring?the Origin Of high OPtiCaI absorption in COnjUgated POIym

4、erS (NatUre MateriaIS 2016, ?DOl: ?1Q. 1038nmat4645?)23 ProinOting?SOlUtiOn PhaSe discharge in Li - 02 batteries COntaining Weakly SOlVatingeIeCtrOIyte?SOIUtiOnS (NatUre MateriaIS 2016, DOl: 10. 1038nmat4629)2. 4 ReCOnStrUCting?SOlUte-induced PhaSe transformations Within individual nanocrystals (Nat

5、UreMateriaIS 2016,?doi:10. 1038nmat4620)25 TaiIOring?the nature and Strength Of electron - PhOnOn interactions in the SrTiO3(OOl) 2D electron?IiqUid (NatUre Material, 2016, doi:10. 1038nmat4623)我簡單地檢索了下NatUre MateriaIS ±面的文章題U,發(fā)現這種類型的題目真的非常多。那么為什么大家非常青睞這種形式呢？這種形式到底有什么好處？我個人也很喜歡這種樣子的題Ll,當然一定要跟論文

6、的實際惜況吻合哈，不要強湊。這種 動名詞形式的結構最大的優(yōu)點是主觀能動性很強。給人的一種感覺是：你在設計整個實 驗，而不是碰巧發(fā)現了某個現象?？蒲行枰既滑F象，但是理性地科學研究追求一切能夠 有據可循，能夠主動地把握而不是被動接受奇跡的降臨。3. l?Su:TfdCe functionalization?Of two-dimensional metal ChalCOgenides?by LeWiSacid - base ChemiStry (NatUre NanOteChnOIOgy2016, 11,465 - 471)3.2?PrOtOn transfer dynamicscontrol?t

7、he mechanism?Of 02?reduction?by a nonprecious metal?electrocatalyst?(NatUre Mdterials, 2016, ?doi:10. 103& nmdt4636)3.3 FemtOSecond?COntrOI of?electric CUrrents?in?metallie ferromagneticheterostructures (NatUre NanOteChnOIOgy 2016, 11,455 - 458)3. 4?Improved air StabiIity Of PerOVSkite SOIar Cel

8、lS Via SOIUtiOn-PrOCeSSedmetal OXide transport IayerS (NatUre Nanotechnology, 2016,11,75 - 81)這種類型的題LI非常的好懂，重點非常突出，給人一種開門見山的感覺，在很多論文中非 常恰當。以3.1為例，兩個重點非常明確：1.實現的目標是什么？ SUrfaCe functionalizationOf ?2.實現的方法是什么？ LeWiS acid-base chemistry.4. 1 In Situ?hydrodynamiC SPeCtroscopy?for StrUCture CharaCteriZat

9、iOn Of POrOUS energy StOrage?electrodes (NatUre Materials,2016, 15,570 - 575)4. 2?KinetiCS Of the self-assembly Of nanocrystal SUPerIattices measuredby?real-time?in situ?X-ray?SCattering?(NatUre Materials, 2016,doi:10. 1038nmat4600)4. 3 In situ?mapping?Of the energy flow through the entire PhOtOSynt

10、hetiC apparatus (NatUre Nanotechnology, 2016, ?doi:10. IO38/nchem. 2525)4. 4 OPtinIiZed QUantUm SenSing With a SingIe electronspin using?real-time adaptive measurements?(NatUre NanOtechnology, 2016,11,247 - 252)有些文章，一幅圖就值了一篇SCienCeO有些表征手段或者研究方法生來就是讓人膜拜 的，特別是一些原位的表征手段，能夠直觀地告訴人們以前得不到的一些信息。在這種惜 況下，用它來做

11、個題目一點都不過分吧。最后對以上幾類標題的共性做一下簡單的總結：1) ?好的論文題目往往都能夠緊貼文章內 容，并將其核心亮點突顯出來；2)標題中的字真的是一字千金，廢話不要有，一定要簡 潔明了； 3)用詞要準確，盡量采用中性詞，不要帶主觀色彩，不要扣大帽子引起審稿人 反感，但是又要合適地體現亮點，好的論文題目要學會不卑不亢。二.正文中各種常用句型匯總一、在IntrOdUCtiOn里面經常會使用到的一個句子：很多文獻已經討論過了。它的 可能的說法有很多很多，這里列舉兒種我很久以前搜集的：A. ?SOlar energy COnVerSiOn by PhOtOeIeCtrOChemiCaI cel

12、ls?has been intensively investigated. ?(NatUre 1991, 353, 737 - 740?)B. ?ThiS WaS demonstrated in a number Of StUdieS thatshowed that COmPOSitePIaSmOniC-metal/SemiCOndUCtOr PhOtOCataIyStS achieved SignifiCantIy higher rates in VariOUS PhOtOCatalytiC reactions COmPared With their PUre SemiCOndUCtOr C

13、OUnterPartSC. ?SeVeraI excellent reviews describing?these applications are available, andWe do not discuss these topicsD. ?MUCh WOrk SO far has focused on?Wide band gap SenliCOndUCtOrS for WaterSPIitting for the Sake Of ChemiCaI stability. (DOI:10. 1038NMAT3151)E. ?ReCent deveIopments OfLeWiS acids

14、and Water-SOIUbIe OrganOmetalIiCCataIysts?have attracted much attention. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 364173666)F. ?An interesting approach?in the USe Of ZeOlite as a water-tolerant SOIid acid?WaS described by?OgaWa et al (Chen. Rev. 2002, 102, 364173666)G. ?COnSiderdbIe research efforts have been devOted

15、 tOthe direct transition metal-catalyzed COnVerSiOn Of aryl halides toaryl nitriles(J Org Chem. 2000, 65, 7984-7989)H. ?There are many excellent reviews in the Iiteratuifce dealing With the basicCOnCePtS of?the PhOtOCatalytiC PrOCeSSanci the reader is referred in PartiCUIar to those by HOffmann and

16、coworkers, MilIS and coworkers, and Kamat(Metal OXide CataIysis, 19, P755)I. NiShimiya and TSUtSUmi?have reported On (PrOPOSed) the influence Of theSi/Al ratio Of VariOUS ZeOIiteS On the acid Strength, WhiCh Were estimated by CaIOrimetry USing ammonia(Chem.Rev. 2002, 102, 3641?3666)i.、在results and d

17、iscussion中經常會用到的：如圖所示A. GlXRD PatternS in?FigUre IA show?the bulk StrUCtUraI information On as- deposited films？B. ?AS ShOWn in FigUre 7B, ?the Steady-State CUrrent density decreases after CyCIing between O. 35 and O. 7 V, WhiCh is PrObabIy due to the dissolution Of FeOx. ?C. ?AS Can be Seen from?Pa

18、rtS a and b Of FigUre 7, the reaction CyCIeS Start With the thermodynamica11y most favorable VOX StrUCtUreS (J. PhyS Chem. C 2014, 11& 24950724958)這與XX能夠相互印證：A. ?ThiS is SUPPOrted by?the appearance in the Ni-doped COmPOUndS Of an UItraViOIet - ViSible absorption band at 420 - 52Onm (See Fig 3 in

19、set), COrreSPOnding to an energy range Of about 2. 9 to 2.3 eV.B. ?This?is COnSiStent With the ObSerVation from?SEM - EDS(ZZOU et al. /ChemiCaI PhySiCS LetterS 332 (2000) 271 - 277)C. ?ThiS indicates a good agreement between?the ObSerVed and CaICUIated intensities in monoclinic With SPaCe groupP2/C

20、Wherl the O atoms are included in the mode1.D. The results?are in good COnSiStent with?the ObSerVed PhOtoCataIytiC activityE. Identieal COnClUSiOnS Were Obtained in StUdies?Where the SPR intensity andWaVeIength Were modulated by manipulating the COmPOSition, shape,Or SiZe Of PIaSmOniC nanostructures

21、？F. ?It WaS also found that areas Of PerSiStent divergent SUrfaCe flow?COinCide?With?regions Where COnVeCtiOn appears to be COnSiStently SUPPreSSed even Wherl SSTS are above 27.5° C.三值得注意的是A. ?It must also be mentioned that?the recycling Of aqueous OrganiC SOIVent is IeSS desirable than that Of

22、 PUre OrganiC IiqUidB. ?Another interesting finding is that?ZeOIiteS With 10membered ring POreS ShOWed high SeIeCtiVitieS (>99%) to cyclohexanol, WhereaS those With 12- membered ring pores, SUCh as mordenite, PrOdUCed Iarge amounts Of dicyclohexyl ether. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 364123666)C. ?It Sh

23、OUId be POinted OUt that?the nanometerscale distribution Of electrocatalyst CenterS On the electrode SUrfaCe is also a PredOminant factor for high ORR electrocatalytic activityD. ?Notably, ?the RU II and Rh I COmPleXeS POSSeSSing the Same BlNAP ChiraIity form antipodal amino acids as the PredOminant

24、 PrOdUCtS?(AngeW. Chem. Int Ed., 2002, 41: 2008 - 2022)E GiVerl the multitude Of VariOUS transformations published,?it is noteworthy that?OnIy Very few distinct?activation?methods have been identified(ChenL Soc. Rev., 2009, ?3& 2178-2189)F. It is important to highlight that?these two directing e

25、ffects WilI Iead to different enantiomers Of the PrOdUCtS even if both the "H-bond-CdtdIySt” and the?CataIyst?acting by SteriC Shielding have the Same absolute StereOChelniStry. (Chen. Soc. Rev., 2009, ?3& 2178-2189)G. It is WOrthWhile mentioning that?these PPNDS Can be Very StabIe for SeVe

26、raI months WithOUt the ObSerVatiOnS Of any floating Or PreCiPitated dots, WhiCh is attributed to the electrostatic repulsions between the POSitiVeIy Charge PPNDS resuIting in electrosteric StabiIiZatiOn. (Adv. Mdter,2012, 24: 2037 - 2041)四？仍然是個挑戰(zhàn)A. ?There is thereby an Urgent need but it is StilI a

27、SignifiCant ChalIenge to?rationally design and delicately tail Or the electroactive MTMOS for advanced LIBs, ECs, MOBs, and FCs. ? (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2 014, 53, 1488 - 1504)B. ?HOWeVeSyStemS that are?SUffiCientIy StabIe and efficient for PraCtiCaI use?have not yet been realizedC. ?It?remains?Cha

28、lIenging?to?develop highly active HER CataIyStS based On materials that are more abundant at IOWer COStS (J Am. Chem.Soc., ?2011,?133, ?7296 - 7299)D. ?One Of the?great?Challenges?in the twenty-first Century?is?UnqUeStiOnab1y energy storage. (NatUre Materials?2005, 4, 366 - 377?)五. 眾所周知A. ?It is Wel

29、I established (accepted) / It is known to all / It is COmmOnIy known?that?many CharaCteriStiCS Of functional materials, SUCh as COmPOSition, CryStalIine phase, StrUCtUraI and morphological features, and the sur-/interface PrOPertieS between the electrode and electrolyte, WOUld greatly influence the

30、PerfOrmanCe Of these UniqUe MTMOS in electrochemical energy StOrage/conversion applications(AngeW. Chem. Irlt. Ed. 2014, 53, 1488 一 1504)B. ?It is generally accepted (believed) that?for a-Fe203-based SenSOrS the Change in resistance is mainly CaUSed by the adsorption and desorption Of gases On the S

31、UrfaCe Of the SenSOr StrUCtUre(Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 582)C. ?AS We all know, ?SOybean abounds With carbon,?nitrogen?and OXygen elements OWing to the existence Of sugar, ?PrOteins?and?IiPidS IChem. COInInIm) 2012, ?48, 9367-9369)D？There is no denying that?their PreSenCe may mediate SPirI moments to a

32、lign ParalleI WithOUt acting alone to ShOW dO-FM(NaHOScale、 2013,?5, 39183930)六. 正如下文將提到的.A. ?AS WilI be described below (也可以是 AS We ShalI See below) , ?as the Si/Al ratio increases, the SUrfaCe Of the ZeOIite becomes more hydrophobic and POSSeSSeS StrOnger affinity for ethyl acetate and the number

33、Of acid SiteS decreases. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 364173666)B. ThiS behavior is to be expected and?will?be?further?discussed?below Am.Chen. Soc., ?1955, ?77, 3701 - 3707)C. ?There are also SOme SmalI deviations With respect to the flowdirection, ?WhiCh we?will?discuss?below. ? (Science, 2001, 291, 630

34、-633)D. ?Below, ?we?will?see?What this impliesE?COmPlete details Of this case?will?be PrOVided at a?Iater?timeE. ?很多論文中，也經常直接用See below來表示，比如：The ObSerVatiOn Of nanocluster SPhereS at the ends Of the nanowires is SUggeStiVe Of a VLS growth PrOCeSS (see?below). (Science, 199& ?279, 208-211)七. 這與X

35、X能夠相互印證.A. ?ThiS is SUPPOrted by?the appearance in the i-doped COmPOUndS Of an UItraViOIet -ViSibIe absorption band at 420 - 520 nm (See Fig 3 inset), COrreSPOnding to an energy range Of about 2. 9 to 2.3 eVB. ThiS is COnSiStent With the ObSerVatiOn from?SEM - EDS(Chem. PhyS Lett 2000, 332, 271 - 27

36、7)C. ?IdentiCdl COnClUSiOnS Were Obtained?in StUdieS Where the SPR intensity and WaVeIength Were modulated by manipulating the COmPOSition, shape, Or SiZe Of PIaSmOniC nanostructures.? (Nat. Mater 2011, DOI: 10. 1038/NMAT3151)D. In addition, the ShaPe Of the titration CUrVe VerSUS the PPi/1 ratio,?C

37、OinCiding With that?Obtained by fluorescent titration studies, SUggeSted that both 2：1 and 1:1 host一to一guest COmPIeXeS are formed(J Am. CheIn. Soc. 1999, 121, 9463一9464)E. ?ThiS UnUSUaI IUmineSCenCe behavior is?in accord with?a recent theoreticalPrediCtion; MoS2, an indirect bandgap material in its

38、bulk form, becomes a direct bandgap SemiCOndUCtOr Wherl thinned to a monolayerZe¢¢.,72010, ?10, 1271 - 1275)3. ?我們的研究可能在哪些方面得到應用A. ?OUr ?ndings SUggeSt that?the USe Of SOIar energy for PhOtOCataIytiC Water SPIitting?might PrOVide a ViabIe SOUrCe for? "clean" hydrogen fuel, OnCe t

39、he CataIytiC ef?CienCy Of the SelniCOndUCtOr SyStem has been improved by increasing its SUrfaCe area and SUitabIe modi?CatiOnS Of the SUrfaCe sites.B. AIOng With this green and costeffective PrOtOCOI Of SyntheSis, ?we expect that?these novel CarbOn nanodots?have POtentiaI applications in?bioimaging

40、and electrocatalysis. (Chem. Commun., 2012,?4& 93679369)C. ?ThiS SyStem COUId POtentialIy be applied as?the gain medium Of SOIid-State OrganiC-based IaSerS Or as a COmPOnent Of high VaIUe PhOtOVOltaic (PV) materials, Where destructive high energy UV radiation WOUld be COnVerted to USefUI IOW ene

41、rgy NIR radiation. (Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2013,?42, 29-43)D. ?SinCe the USe of?graphene?may enhance the PhOtOCataIytiC PrOPertieS OfTiO2?Under UV and ViSibIe-Iight irradiation, ?graphene - TiO2?COmPOSites?mayPOtentially be USed to?enhance the bactericidal actiVity?(Chem. SOC ReV., 2012,?41, 782-796)E？It

42、 is the first report that CQDS are both amino-functionalized and highly fluorescent, ?WhiCh SUggeStS their PrOmiSing applications in?ChemiCaI sensing. (Carbon, 2012,?50,?2810 - 2815)A. However, SyStemS that are SUffiCientIy StabIe and efficient for PraCtiCaI use?have not yet been realizedB. NeVerthe

43、less, for COnVentiOnaI nanostructured MTMOS as mentioned above, SOme PrObIematiC disadvantages CannOt be OVerIOOked(AngeW. Chem Int. Ed.2014,53, 1488 - 1504)C. ?There are relatively few StUdieS devoted to!determinetion Of CnIC VaIUeS for block COPOIymer micelles(MdCroniolecules 1991, 24, 10331040)D.

44、 ThiS might be the reason why, despite Of the great influence Of the PreParatiOn On the CataIytiC activity Of gold Catalysts,?no SyStenIatiC study COnCerning?the SyntheSiS COnditions?has been PUbIiShed yet？(APPIied CatalySiS A: GeneraI2002, 226, ?1 - 13)E?TheSe POSSibilitieS remain to be?exploredF.

45、?FUrther effort is required to?UnderStand and better COntrOI the ParameterS dominating the PartiCIe SUrfaCe PaSSiVatiOn and resulting PrOPerties for CarbOn dots Of brighter PhOtOIUmineSCenCe (J Am. Chem. SOC,?2006, ?128?, 7756 - 7757)A. ?LiqUid ammonia?is PartiCUIarIy attractive as?an alternative to

46、 water?due to?its Stability in the PreSenCe Of StrOng reducing agents SUCh as alkali metals that are USed to access IOWer OXidatiOn StateSB. ?The UniqUe nature of?the Cyanide Iigand?results from?its ability to act both as a o donor and a n acceptor COmbined With its negativecharge and ambidentate na

47、tureC. ?QdOtS are also excellent PrObeS for two-phOtOn COnfOCaI microscopy?because?they are CharaCteriZed by a Very Iarge absorption CrOSS section?(SCienCe ?2005, ?307, 538544).D. ?AS a result of?the reductive Strategy We USed and Of the StrOng bonding between the SUrfaCe and the aryl groups, IOW re

48、sidual CUrrentS (SimiIar to those ObSerVed at a bare electrode) Were Obtained OVer a Iarge WindOW Of POtentiaIs, the Same as for the UnmOdified Parent GC electrode(J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5883-5884)E. ?The SmalI TafeI SIOPe Of the defect-rich MoS2 Ultrathin nanosheets is advantageous for PraCti

49、Cal?applications, ?SinCe?it WilI Iead to a faster increment Of HER rate With increasing OVerPOtentia1. (AdV. Mater., 2013, 25: 5807 - 5813)F. FlUOreSCent CarbOn-based materials have drawn increasing attention in recent years?OWing to?exceptional advantages SUCh as high OPtiCaI absorptivity, ChemiCaI

50、 stability, biocompatibility, and IOW toxicity(AngeW. Chem Int Ed., 2013, 52: 3953 - 3957)G？?Orl the basis of?measurementS Of the heat Of immersion Of Water On zeolites, TSUtSUmi etdl. CIaimed that the SUrfaCe COnSiSts Of SiIOXane bondings and is hydrophobicin the region Of IOW AI Corltent(Chem Rev.

51、 2002, 102, 364173666)H. ?NanOPartiCIe SPatiaI distributions might have a Iarge SignifiCanCe forCataIySt stability,?given that?metal PartiCIe growth is a relevantdeactivation mechanism for COmmerCiaI CataIyStS？A. ?The inhibition Of additional nucleation during growth, in Other words, the COmPIete Se

52、Paration?Of nucleation and growth, ?is?CritiCdl(essential, important)?for?the SUCCeSSfUI SyntheSiS Of monodisperse nanocrystals(dture Materials?3, 891 - 895 (2004)B. ?In the CUrrent StUdy, ?Cys, ?homocysteine?(HCy) and?glutathione?(GSH) Were ChOSen as model?thiol?COmPOUndS SinCe they?PIay important

53、(SignifiCant, vital, CritiCal) roles?in many biological PrOCeSSeS and monitoring Of these?thiol?COmPOUnds?is Of great importance for?diagnosis Of diseases(ChenL Commun. , 2012,?4& 1147-1149)C. ?ThiS is because according to nucleation theory, ?What really matters?in addition to the Change in temp

54、erature T?(Or SUPerSaturation) is the COOling rate. (Chen. Soc. Rev., 2014, ?43, 20132026)A. ?On the contrary, 9mononuclear complexes, CalIed SingIe-ion magnets (SIM), have ShOWn hysteresis IOOPS Of butterfly/PhOnOn bottleneck type, With negligible coercivity, and therefore With much ShOrter relaxat

55、ion times Of magnetization. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53: 4413 - 4417)B. ?In COntrast,?the Dy COmPOUnd has SignifiCantIy Iarger VaIUe Of the transversal magnetic moment already in the ground State (Ca 10 '?心， therefore allowing a fast QTM. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53: 4413 - 4417)C. ?In

56、 COntraSt to?the StrUCtUraI SimiIarity Of these complexes, their magnetic behavior exhibits StrOng divergence?(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2014, 53: 4413 - 4417)D. ?COntrary to?Other COndUCting POlymer SemiCOndUCtors, CarbOn nitride isChemiCalIy and thermally StabIe and does not rely On COmPliCated devi

57、ce manufacturing(dture materials, 2009, 8(1): 76-8O.)E. ?UnIike?the SPheriCaI PartiCIeS they are derived from that RayIeigh lightscatter in the blue, these nanoprisms exhibit SCatte:Ting in the red, WhiCh COUld be USefUI in developing InUltiCOIOr diagnostic IabeIS On the basis not OnIy Of nanopartiC

58、Ie COmPOSitiOn and SiZe but also Of ShaPe(SCienCe 2001,? 294, 1901-1903)可供選擇的詞包括：verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate, demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, CiiSPIay, manifest, suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose, report, describe, facilitate the identification of?舉例:A. TheSe StaCkS appear as nanorods in the two-dimensional TEM images, but tilting experiments?COnfirnICthat they are nanoprisms？(SCienCe 2001,? 294, 1901-1903)