中考英語語法專項復(fù)習(xí)動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)(共3頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初三英語語法復(fù)習(xí)動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)一、掌握下列八種時態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：（主要看時間或根據(jù)上下文確定時態(tài)。） （1）When did the accident happen? It (發(fā)生)two minutes ago. （2）When the teacher came in, the students (討論)the problem. （3）People never knew that population (be)a big problem in a hundred years. （4）He told us he (read)the novel twice. The m

2、atch (結(jié)束)for half an hour when he got to the playground. （5）Listen! How beautiful the Peking Opera (聽起來). （6）Please tell me who you (等待)for. （7）Who (參觀)the Summer Palace before? None. Wheres your father? He (去)to his office. Mr Black (去)in South Africa for two months.（8）Were sure our country (變得)str

3、onger and stronger.分析：1、例(1)(4)都用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)：一般過去時態(tài)、過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)、過去將來時態(tài)和過去完成時態(tài)，其中：（1）過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示動作在過去某個時間正在進(jìn)行；（2）過去將來時態(tài)僅用于主句是過去時態(tài)的賓語從句中，又如：We asked the teacher (下周是否開運動會)。（3）過去完成時態(tài)表示在過去某個時間之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”，它經(jīng)常要和過去的時間或者動作進(jìn)行對比。 We (learn) more than 2,000 English words by the end of last year. When/ Before/ By t

4、he time we got to the station, the train (leave). He said the film (放映)for ten minutes when he got there.（主句是過去時態(tài)的賓語從句中）2、句中有l(wèi)isten、look等詞一般要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)，但聯(lián)系動詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)，如例（5）。 3、例（6）句中雖沒有明顯時間，但通過句意“你正在等誰”可知道要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)。4、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在：(1)常和下列時間連用:ever, never, already, yet, just(但just no

5、w用于過去時態(tài))for+一段時間，since+過去的時間，so far, in the last few years等. Many countries (send) up man-made satellites into space so far. Our city (改變)a lot in the last few years.(2)下列非延續(xù)性動詞和一段時間連用時要作如下變化： borrow/lend- ; buy- ; receive a letter/catch a cold- ; 我收到他的來信已有一周了。I for a week. become- ; die-be ; open-b

6、e open(形容詞); leave-be (from);come/arrive-be ;join-be ; finish-be , start/ begin-be ; 如：They have （成為）good friends for several years.That factory has （建立）there for ten years.(3) have been to曾經(jīng)去過某地（現(xiàn)在 ）；gone to已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn) have been in (at) 表示在某地已呆了一段時間。布朗先生已在中國呆了三年Mr Brown China for three years。注意：1、一般過去

7、時態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別： 2、一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時與過去完成時態(tài)的區(qū)別： When I got to the station, the train .I only had a few words with him.二、掌握幾種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：(1)This digital camera is made in China.(2)Please tell me when the PRC was founded.(3)Your homework must be handed in on time.(4)Many man-made satellites have been sent up in

8、to space by many countries.(5)The 29 th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing successfully.注意：1、 有些動詞沒有被動語態(tài)：（1）How delicious the food (嘗起來)! （2）The dictionary （花費）me 98 yuan.（3）An accident (發(fā)生)to him last night.2、 有時用被動語態(tài)，有時用主動語態(tài)：（1）All the motorbikes in the shop (sell)out.但：This kind of motorbikes

9、（sell）well in the shop.（2）Cotton (grow)in Shandong. 但： The flowers in our garden (grow)well.3、 有些動詞短語變成被動語態(tài)時，后面的介詞或副詞不能少：（1）應(yīng)該有禮貌地對老人說話。Old people .（2）幼樹應(yīng)該得到很好地護(hù)理。Young trees .（3）運動會可能推遲到下周六。The sports meeting till next Saturday.4、東西作主語時常用被動語態(tài)，人做主語有時也用被動語態(tài)： （1）English is spoken the most widely in the world.(2) Hell come if he (invite).（3）We (tell)to keep our classroom clean and quiet by the teacher. 5、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的疑問句： 書必須按時歸還到圖書館嗎？ the