高三一輪復習專題七情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣講解與練習

1、專題七情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣考點聚焦一、情態(tài)動詞1、表能力can卜表示現(xiàn)在有能力做某事be able tocould表過去有能力做某事was/were able toEg:I am starving to death. I can eat two bowls of rice.If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem.2、表推測（可能性）表示具體事情發(fā)生的可能性的層次比較詞形肯7E式否定式疑問式must必定、必然will很可能，大概不會，不該會嗎?would可能性比will小語氣比won't弱語氣比

2、will弱should按說應該ought to按說應該can不可能后可能嗎？could微弱的可能不可能語氣比can弱may或許、也許、也說不定可能不might比may還弱比may not還弱1注：表可能性時：can/could一般用于否定句和疑問句中，表示疑惑、驚訝或不相信等，could也可用于肯定句；may/might表可能性不大，不用于疑問句；Eg:That can't be Mary, for she is in hospital.（表不相信）He might be doing his homework now.They asked if we would do that aga

3、in.We should arrive home before dark.You must be tired after the long journey.3、表請求、允許can/could表請求：could不表過去，只表示委婉、客氣的語氣，但回答時必須用can.may/might表請求：might不表過去，僅表示語氣更加委婉。will/would表請求：用于第二人稱的疑問句。shall表請求：用于第一、三人稱的疑問句。Eg:Can I use your computer for a while?-could I use your bicycle? -Yes, you can. /No, yo

4、u cadt.May/might I make a suggestion?Will you help me with the luggage?Would you pay me in cash, please?Shall he come in or wait outside.4、表必要性must表必要性時，意為“必須”don't have to/ needrit do sth,表示“表示不必要做 ”5、“情態(tài)動詞+have done用法一覽表。1) must have done想必/準是/一定做了否定式：can't/couldn't have doneEg:It must

5、 have rained last night for the road is quite muddy.2) can/could have done本來能夠做某事卻沒做/過去可能會做Eg:Can he have gone to his auns?3) cannot/couldn't have done本不能夠做某事卻做了 /過去不可能做某事 Eg:He cannot have forgotten it他不可能忘記那件事。4) may/might have done也許/或許已經(jīng)做(一般只用于肯定句或否定句)Eg:It s too late. I think he may have go

6、ne to bed.He may not have finished the work.5) should/ought to have done本該做某事但實際上卻沒做 Eg:You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.6) should not/ ought not to have done本不該做某事但卻做了Eg:You shouldn't have told her the truth.7) neednni have done本不必要做某事卻做了Eg:You needn?t have taken a taxi here,

7、 for it was very near to my house.6、情態(tài)動詞的其他用法1) cannot but do sth表示“不得不，只好做某事”Eg:I cannot but choose to go.我只好去。2) may well/may as wellmay well+動詞原形”，意為“完全能，很可能”，相當于to be very likely toEg:He may well be proud of his son.他大可為他的兒子感到自豪。may as well謝詞原形”，意為“最好，滿可以，倒不如”Eg:You may as well do it at once.你最好

8、現(xiàn)在就做這件事。二、虛擬語氣1、虛擬語氣在非真實條件句的應用與現(xiàn)在事實相反：條件句：if +主語+動詞的過去式(be動詞用were)主句：主語 +should/would/could/might+動詞原形Eg:If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.與過去事實相反：條件句：if+主語+had+過去分詞主句：主語 +should/would/could/might+have + 過去分詞Eg:If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.If

9、+主語+動詞的過去式與將來事實相反：條件句If+主語+were to +動詞原形“f+主語+should +動詞原形主句：主語 +should/would/could/mightEg:If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.2、使用虛擬條件句時要注意以下4點：1)錯綜時間條件句，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間做出相應的調整。Eg:If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had

10、studied hard before, you would be a college student now.3) if省略句Eg:If I were at school again (Were I at school again),I would study harder.If you had come earlier (Had you come earlier), you would catch the bus.If it should rain tomorrow (Should it rain tomorrow), we would not go climbing.3)介詞短語代替的條

11、件狀語從句：with/without/but forEg:Without your help, we couldn't have finished the work ahead of time.But for your help,第5頁4)含蓄條件句Eg:I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.X真題演練1. I've ordered some pizza,

12、so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.2. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I(do) it.3. We would rather than our daughter(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.4. My book, the house of hades, is missing. Who have take

13、n it?5. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.6. If Mr Dewey(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there7. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.8. I(not enjoy) myself more-it was a perfect day.9. If he

14、 had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he(be) able to speak it much better now.10. My mom suggests that we(eat) out for a change this weekend.11. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He(drink) too much at the party last night.12. The door not open, no matter how hard she pushed.13. -It

15、rainedcats and dogs this morning. I 'm glad we took an umbrella.14. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because youknow alotof words.15. He sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea untilhehadcaught it.16. Sincenobody gave him any help, he h

16、ave done the research on his own.17. -What are you doing this Saturday?-1'm not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.18. The children(get) lost in the wood; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as a scheduled.19. I(go) to my cousin 's birthday party last night, but I

17、was not available20. -Why are your eyes so red? You have slept well last night. -Yeah. I stayed up late writing a report.21. I should not have laughed if I(think) you were serious.22. -Do you think George has passed the driving test?-No,. If so, he(drive) his car to our college yesterday.X單句填空1. -Do

18、 you like the school?-Yeah. I only wish the classes(be) a little smaller.2. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents be reported to the safety officer.3. One of my rules is that every student come to my class ahead of time.4. It's time you(go) home and I 'd rather you(come) again

19、 tomorrow.5. If we(interrupt)the day before yesterday, we would have finished the project.6. It's true that being constantly exposed to advertisements is annoyed, but it be pleasant sometimes.1. I have a quick word with you? Something important has happened.8. I'm really thankful to you; wit

20、hout you, I(win) the first prize in the speech contest.9. Jenny certainly go swimming in the river- Once bitten, twice shy.10. The police still haven't found the lost child, but they 're doing all they.11. If I had known you were coming, I(reserve) a larger table.12. -I can't believe that Jeff have quarreled and fought with his boss.-Well, if one ask for trouble, it just can 't