全國1月高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試題

1、全國 2021 年 1 月高等教育自學(xué)考試 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué) 試題課程代碼： 00830I . Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the stateme nt and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets. ( 2% X 10=20% )1. The language behavior of particular persons on particular o

2、ccasions is determined by many other factors over and abovetheir linguistic . ( )A. systemB. structureC. competenceD. performance2. When we pronounce the long vowels i: or u:, our , which is a bony structure at theend of the windpipe, is in a state of tension. ( )A. larynxB. hard palateC. glottisD.

3、vocal cords3. The word “ manuscript - miso ar ptwheome cluster which contains. ( )A. two rootsB. a root and a prefixC. a root and a suffixD. a root and a free morpheme4. The grammatical knowledge is represented through Phrase Structure Rules, which state explicitly all and only thepossible combinati

4、ons of the of a language, for example, inEn glish, NP ( Det ) (Adj) N (P) P(S).()A. phrasesB. clausesC. sentencesD. constituents5. The view that the meaning of a linguistic form is defined as the“ situation in which the speautters it and the response it calls forth in the hearer was proposed by . (

5、)A. PlatoB. Ogden and RichardsC. John FirthD. Bloomfield6. According to John Austin's theory of speech act, a(n) act is the change brought about bythe utterance. ( )A. prelocutionaryB. locutionaryC. illocutionaryD. perlocutionary7. In 1786, Sir William Jones suggested that bore to Greek and Lati

6、n a stronger affinitythan could possibly have been produced by accident.( )A. GermanicB. PersianC. SanskritD. Lithuanian8. The existence of taboo words and taboo ideas stimulates the creation of euphemism, which shows that a word or phrase not only has a l act is the change brought about by the utte

7、rance.( )A. prelocutionaryB. locutionaryC. illocutionaryD. perlocutionary7. In 1786, Sir William Jones suggested that bore to Greek and Latin a stronger affinitythan could possibly have been produced by accident. ( )A. GermanicB. PersianC. SanskritD. Lithuanian8. The existence of taboo words and tab

8、oo ideas stimulates the creation of euphemism, which shows that a word or phrase not only has a linguistic denotative meaning but also has a .( )A. conceptual meaningB. connotative meaningC. cultural meaningD. social meaning9. Dichotic listening research tells us a signal coming in the left ear will

9、 first go to the hemisphere, from where it is transferred to the left side of the brain for processing.( )A.rightB.leftC.frontD.back10. Studies of the effects of formal instruction on second language acquisition suggest that formalinstruction may help learners perform some of the following types of

10、tasks except ( )A. planned speechB. writingC. casual and spontaneous conversationD. career-oriented examinationII. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and yo

11、u are not allowed to cha nge the letter give n. (1% 10=10%)X11. Double a refers to the property of language which means language is composed of discrete units at two levels. At the lower level there is a structure of sounds, which are meaningless. At the higher level there are morphemes and words, w

12、hich are meaningful.12. In the production of v , the back of the tongue is brought into contact with the soft palate, or velum, e.g., k in cat, g inget and in sti ng.13. Morphological rules are the rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of s to form a new word.14. A sentence is a st

13、ructurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words. A phrase structure tree diagram assigns a h structure to sentences.15. The words such as “pop m eaning a certain sound and“pop m eaning popular are in relationship of c homonyms.16. The c view in the discussion of semantics is oft

14、en considered as the initial effort to study meaning in a pragmatic sense.17. Extensive changes in rules of morphology have occurred in the history of English. English has lost most of its i endings, by which it is no longer possible to identify the functional roles of nouns.18. Diglossia describes

15、any stable linguistic situation, in which there exists a strict f differentiation between a low-variety or L-variety and a high variety or H-variety.19. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l .20. I is the language that a learner co

16、nstructs at a given stage of second language acquisition.III. Directions: Judge whether each, of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and then give t

17、he correct version. (2% X10=20%)21. ( )According to Hall (1968), language is "the institution whereby humans communicate and interact with each other by means of habitually used oral-auditory arbitrary symbols." Most linguists today accept the view of language as a set of "habitually

18、used symbols."22. ( )Intonation refers to a distinctive pattern of tones over stretch of speech in principle longer than a word, in other words, when pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation.23. ( )Suffi

19、xes are added to the end of stems, during the process of which they modify the meaning of the original word butusually do not change its part of speech.24(. )When we say a sentence has two levels of structure, D-structure and S-structure, we do not mean that the syntacticrepresentations of these two

20、 levels must be different. Since syntactic movement occurs to all sentences, so the representations of the two levels look different.25.( ) “He has been to New YorkpresupposesHe hasbeen to America26. ( ) John Searle made a distinction between what he called“constatives and “performati27. ( ) Regular

21、ization of exceptional plural forms of nouns constantly occurs. By analogy to foe/foes, and dog/dogs, English speakers started saying cows as the plural of cow instead of the earlier plural kine. This analogical change does not occur when words are borrowed from foreign languages.28. ( ) The common

22、English address terms are First Name (e.g., John), Last Name (e.g., Smith), Title + Last Name (e.g., Dr. Green), Title + Title (e.g., Mr. President), Title alone (e.g., Sir) and Kin term (e.g., Dad). And outside of marked settings, between friends, neighbours and colleagues, first names are always preferred.29. ( ) Thanks to cerebral plasticity, people suffering damage to the left hemisphere are able to transfer their language centers to the right hemisphere and to reacquire the