初中介詞用法總結(jié)

1、介詞英文縮寫是prep.是英文preposition的縮寫 1.表示地點位置的介詞1)at ,in, on, to，for at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁邊” in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范圍之內(nèi)”。 on 表示毗鄰，接壤，“在上面”。 to 表示在范圍外，不強調(diào)是否接壤；或“到” 2)above, over, on 在上 above 指在上方,不強調(diào)是否垂直，與 below相對； over指垂直的上方,與under相對,但over與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。 on表示某物體上面并與之接觸。 The bird is flying above my hea

2、d. There is a bridge over the river. He put his watch on the desk. 3)below, under 在下面 under表示在正下方 below表示在下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table. Please write your name below the line. 4)in front frantof, in the front of在前面 in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，兩者互不包括；其反義詞是behind（在的后面）。 There are some flow

3、ers in front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。) in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的內(nèi)部.反義詞是at the back of（在范圍內(nèi)的后部）。 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom. 我們的教室前邊有一塊黑板。 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom. 我們的老師站在教室前.(老師在教室里) 5）beside，behind beside 表示在旁邊 behind 表示在后面 2.表示時間的介詞1)in , o

4、n，at 在時 in表示較長時間，如世紀、朝代、時代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。 on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。 如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at

5、表示某一時刻或較短暫的時間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復活節(jié)等。 如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：We meet every day. 2)in, after 在之后 “in +段時間”表示將來的一段時間以后； “after+段時間”表示過去的一段時間以后； “aft

6、er+將來的時間點”表示將來的某一時刻以后。 3)from, since 自從 from僅說明什么時候開始，不說明某動作或情況持續(xù)多久； since表示某動作或情況持續(xù)至說話時刻，通常與完成時連用。since表示"自（某具體時間）以來"，常用作完成時態(tài)謂語 的時間狀語。 since liberation（1980）自從解放（1980年）以來 They have been close friends since childhood 他們從小就是好朋友。 （1）since the war是指"自從戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束以來"，若指"自從戰(zhàn)爭開始以來"，

7、須說"since the beginning of the war"。 （2）不要將since與after混淆。 比較：He has worked here since 1965（指一段時間，強調(diào)時間段）自從1965年以來，他一直在這兒工作。 He began to work here after 1965 （指一點時間，強調(diào)時間點）從1965年以后，他開始在這兒工作。 4)after, behind 在之后 after主要用于表示時間； behind主要用于表示位置。 時間名詞前介詞用法口訣 年前周前要用in 具體日子要用on 遇到幾號也用on 上午下午得是in 要說某日

8、上下午 用on換in記清楚 午夜黃昏用at 黎明用它也不錯 at用在時分前 說“差”可要用上to 說"過''要用past 3.表示運動方向的介詞：across, through 通過，穿過 across表示橫過,即從物體表面通過，與on有關(guān)，為二維 through穿過,即從物體內(nèi)部穿過，與in有關(guān)，為三維。 4.表示“在之間”的介詞：表示“在之間”的介詞在英語中屬于方位介詞，如in front of ，behind ，on， in， near， under， up between, among between指在兩個人或兩個事物之間； among指在三個或三個以上的人

9、或事物之間。 5.表示其他意義的介詞1)on ,about 關(guān)于 on 表示這本書，這篇文章或演說是嚴肅的，或?qū)W術(shù)性的，可供專門研究這一問題的人閱讀； about表示內(nèi)容較為普通，不那么正式。 2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具； with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具體的工具和手段； in 表示用方式，用語言(語調(diào)、筆墨、顏色)等； 3)except, besides 除了 except 除之外，不包括在內(nèi)； besides 除之外，包括在內(nèi)。 Except for Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王

10、先生沒去) Besides Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了) 三.鞏固練習1. Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.（in, on, to） 2. Go _on_ the bridge _to_ the river, youll find the shop.（across, through; over, above） 3. I go to school _at_7:30 every morning.（in, on, at） 4. He would like to meet her _at_8:00

11、and 9:00 tomorrow morning.（between, among ） 5. The Greens have lived in China _for_ three years.（in, for, after） 6. We go to school every day _on_ Saturday and Sunday.（except, besides） 7. He wrote the letter _ ink.（by, with ,in ） 8. She returned to her country _for_five years.（in, after, for） 9. The

12、re is a big tree _ our classroom.（after, behind） 10. I usually go to work _ bike.（by, on, with） 1. Theres something _ her that I really dont like. A. with B. forC. to D. about 2. I was angry _ him for keeping me waiting. A. with B. toC. about D. on 3. _ going to French evening classes twice a week s

13、he does yoga on Wednesdays . A. Because of B. ExceptC. Besides D. But for 4. _ cooking, writing and running the farm, she was very busy. A. Among B. BetweenC. Over D. As 5. _ one old lady, the bus was empty. A. Except B. Except forC. But D. Besides 6. They promise that the work would all be finished

14、 _ next week. A. until B. inC. by D. to 7. We didnt live together. We kept in touch _ writing often. A. with B. ofC. on D. by 8. It was very kind of her. She insisted _ her car to us. A. to lend B. lendingC. on lending D. in lending 9. Weve talked a lot _ cars. What about trains? A. of B. withC. abo

15、ut D. in 10. “How long have you been here?” “_ the end of last month.” A. In B. ByC. At D. Since 11. The chemistry teacher required the students _ more attention _ the lab clean . A. to pay, to keep B. to paying, to keepingC. to pay, to keeping D. paying, keeping 12. “Is your car equal _ hers in spe

16、ed?” “No, mine is faster. But my old one equals _ hers in speed." A. to, to B. , C. to, D. , to 13. This exam is very important for her. She wont go home _ the exam. A. until after B. after untilC. until D. from 14. This suit fits me well _ the trousers are too long. A. only B. except forC. exc

17、ept that D. except 15. After a quick dinner, they set off _ car and made _ the nearest town. A. by, to B. in, toC. by, for D. in, for 看似相同，但意義有別的詞組 英語中有一些介詞詞組和動詞詞組，它們從形式上看似乎基本相同，但在意義上卻截然不同。要是我們在記憶上對這類詞組不加以重視，使用時就很容易望文生義，甚至張冠李戴。為此，把這類詞組歸納如下： (1) at table在進餐at the table在桌子旁（=beside the desk） (2) at de

18、sk在讀書或做作業(yè)at the desk在書桌旁 (3) at school在校上學（指學生）at the school在學校（指教職工） (4) in front of the bus在公共汽車的前面（不在車上）in the front of the bus在公共汽車的前部（在車上） (5) at sea在航海中at the sea在海邊 (6) by day白天by the day按日，論日 (7) behind time誤期behind the time落后于時代 (8) in class在上課，在課內(nèi)in the class在這個班 (9) in bed 臥床，在睡覺in the be

19、d在床上 (10) in prison坐牢in the prison在監(jiān)獄 (11) in red穿著紅色的衣服in the red負債，虧損 (12) in hospital住院（指病人）in the hospital（因事）在醫(yī)院 (13) in office在辦公，執(zhí)政in the office在辦公室 (14) in secret秘密，私下in the secret參入秘密，參入陰謀 (15) in place of 代替，而不是in the place of在地方 (16) in case of萬一，如果in the case of就來說，至于 (17) of age成年人of an

20、 age同齡人 (18) out of office離職out of the office離開辦公室 (19) out of prison（因犯罪）出獄out of the prison（因事）從監(jiān)獄出來 (20) out of question毫無疑問out of the question不可能，辦不到 2）.含有介詞的動詞詞組 (1) come out of hospital（病好）出院come out of the hospital（因事）從醫(yī)院里出來 (2) come out of prison（刑滿）釋放come out of the prison（因事）從監(jiān)獄里出來 (3) go

21、to school去上學go to the school（因事）去學校 (4) go to college上大學go to the/a college去一所學校（辦事） (5) go to bed上床睡覺go to the bed去床邊 (6) go to hospital去住院go to the hospital（因事）去醫(yī)院 (7) go to prison去坐牢go to the prison（因事）去監(jiān)獄 (8) go to sea當海員go to the sea去海邊 (9) go to court起訴go to the court（因事）去法庭 (10) go to church做

22、禮拜go to the church（因事）去教堂 (11) keep house管理家務keep the house守在家里 (12) take place發(fā)生take the place代替 3）.有無冠詞，意義無多大區(qū)別的介詞詞組 (1)at(the)most至多 (2)at(the)first起初 (3)all(the)day 整天 (4)catch(a)cold感冒 (5)in(the)future 將來 (6)in(the)memory of紀念 (7)go to(the)office 上班，去辦公室 (8)go to(the)market 趕集，去市場 (9)on(a)holid

23、ay 在度假 (10)(the)day before yesterday 前天 (11)(the)most of 大多數(shù) (12)with(a)smiling face 面帶微笑英語中考專題復習介詞部分( ) 1. China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia. A. to; to B. in; to C. to; in D. in; on( ) 2. _ the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party. A. To B. In C. At D

24、. On( ) 3. We all agree _ you. Lets start at once. A. to B. for C. with D. on( ) 4. Wheres Lily? We are all here _ her. A. besides B. about C. except D. with ( ) 5. Does your father go to work, _ foot or _ bike? A. on; with B. with; on C. by; on D. on; by( ) 6. Lucy was _ duty yesterday, but she for

25、got to clean the classroom. A. in B. on C. at D. of( ) 7. Timmy goes to school _ every day. Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school. A. in a bus B. by plane C. on foot D. by boat( ) 8. Mum, today is Mothers Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _ us at Shanghai Restaurant, which is fa

26、mous _ its seafood. A. with; of B. with; for C. for; to D. to; for( ) 9. He has got a chair to sit _, but nobody to talk _. A. on; to B. /; with C. on; / D. /; to( ) 10. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _ the year of 2000. A. since B. in C. on D. by( ) 11. How are you going to the train stati

27、on to meet your aunt? -Im going there _ my car.A. by B. in C. to D. on( ) 12. Andy often helps her mother _ the housework on Sunday afternoon. A. to B. with C. for D. of( ) 13. Youd better not go out now. its raining. -It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep _ rain.A. in B. of C. with D. off( ) 14. E

28、nglish is widely used _ travelers and business people all over the world. A. to B. for C. as D. by( ) 15. My sister usually thinks _ her own language first. Then she turns her words into English. A. by B. in C. with D. through( ) 16. Its kind _ you to come to see me. -Its a pleasure. You were so kin

29、d _ me. A. of; with B. for; with C. of; to D. for; to( ) 17. Is the manager in? -Sorry, he is out. But he will be back _ three oclock. A. in B. on C. until D. before( ) 18. _ the age of fifteen, she had written scores of articles for a newspaper. A. At B. Before C. Since D. By( ) 19. In China, the p

30、rice of TV sets has been reduced _ 30% in the last three years. A. on B. by C. with D. for( ) 20. When you called on me, I was _ a visit to Mr Smith. A. on B. at C. in D. to( ) 21. Bob, you are wanted _ the phone. Thanks a lot. A. on B. by C. of D. for ( ) 22. The soil is made _ the dead leaves of t

31、he trees. A. up of B. of C. from D. by( ) 23. I didnt have any breakfast _ a cup of milk. A. besides B. except for C. except D. for( ) 24. Were sure youll be famous _ a writer before long. A. as B. for C. with D. by( ) 25. The writer often sat up far into the night working _ a new novel. A. for B. o

32、n C. with D. in( ) 26. You look tired. _ working indoors you should be out for a walk. A. Ahead of B. Instead of C. In front of D. In spite of( ) 27. You must stand _ line when you are waiting _ a bus. A. on; in B. in; for C. in; on D. on; for( ) 28. Man landed on the moon in 1969 for the first time

33、. Have you ever heard _ it? A. on B. to C. of D. from( ) 29. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. A. for; of B. of; for C. to; for D. of; to( ) 30. The woman feels worried _ her sick baby. A. for B. to C. on D. about( ) 31. What do you think of the report on the UFOs? -Great! M

34、any students were interested in it and they kept on standing _ the end of the meeting. A. until B. in C. at D. by( ) 32. Have you got any books _ science? A. at B. about C. of D. in( ) 33. She likes reading _ many different subjects. A. of B. at C. on D. in( ) 34. Mr Wang is very strict. His student

35、s are afraid _ him. A. at B. of C. about D. to( ) 35. This story happened _ the last few years. A. at B. since C. during D. for( ) 36. We should do something to stop sandstorms _ happening again and again. A. from B. on C. by D. to( ) 37. China became a WTO member _ December 11th , 2001. A. on B. in

36、 C. at D. of( ) 38. Theres a smile on her face. I think shes _ my work. A. sorry for B. worried about C. pleased with D. afraid of10初中介詞搭配1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先，首先 4)at the age of 在歲時 5)at the end of 在之末 6)at the beginning of 在之初 7)at the foot of 在腳下 8)at the same time 同時 9)at night

37、/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with one's help 在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助 11)with the help of 在的幫助下 12)with a smile 面帶笑容 13)with one's own eyes 親眼看見 14)after a while 過了一會兒 15)from now on 從現(xiàn)在起 16)from then on 從那時起 17)far example 例如 18)far away from 遠離 19)from morning till night 從早到晚 20)by and by 不久 21)by air mail 寄航空郵件 22)by bike/air/train/bus 騎自行車/乘飛機/火車/汽車 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 順便說 25)by the window 在窗邊 26)by the end of 到底為止