付娟的總結(jié)作業(yè)

1、on saturday morning we met thecome along with two friends, kevincome with amanda. there were someother members i didn't know. we had come from different placesand none of usknew the area.we knew we weregoing to spendthe weekend outdoors,butnone of us was sure exactly how. halfof us spent the mor

2、ning caving whiletheothers went rock-climbing and then wechanged at lunchtime. matt and i went tothe caves (巖洞)f提高初中英語閱讀能力的四種方法1.講究閱讀方法(1) 依據(jù)主題句定短文的中心：任意一篇文章通常是圍繞一個中心展開并且由段落組成 的；段落之間有著內(nèi)在的緊密聯(lián)系，而表達段落主題的句子叫主題句，通常置于段落的開頭, 有時在段落末尾和中間；其它的句子是用來說明和闡述主題句的；若把一個個主題句加以整 理，你能悟出其中心思想，同時還可以回避、排除個別生詞、難句(等困難信號)所帶來的

3、干擾，但也有一些文章的中心思想常貫穿在全文中，因而要綜觀全文，對全文有一個透徹的 理解才行。如：my friend matt and i arrived at the activity centre on friday evening. the accommodation wasn" t wonderful, but we had everything we needed (beds, bla nkets, food ), and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.other ten members

4、of our group. cameron had and simon, while sisters carole and lynn had irst. climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excit ed by what we' d done.this passage mainly talks about a. the write

5、r' s friends at the activity centerb. the writer? s experience at the activity centerc. outdoor sports at the activity centerd. how to go rock-climbing and caving參考答案b上述這段短文的中心是說明“the writer' s experience at the activ ity center. v。作者以及作者的朋友，還有組上的其他一些成員一起在活動中心度周末的 一些活動以及感受。（2）掌握具體事實和重要細節(jié)：閱讀文

6、章時，要求學生養(yǎng)成辨認和記憶具體事實、重要 細節(jié)的習慣。因為具體事實、重要細節(jié)是主題句的擴展、補充、說明或例證，是用來支持和 說明中心思想的，而且是閱讀理解測試的重要組成部分。如：if someone asks me: "do you like music?” i' m sure i will answer him or her: "of course, i do. ” because i think music is an important part of our lives.different people have different ideas about

7、 music. for me, i like rock musi c because it' s so exciting. and my favorite rock band, the “foxy ladies” （酷 妹）is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. i also like pop music. m y classmate lilan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. my best friend, jane, likes jazz music （爵士樂

8、） she thinks jazz is really cool."i like dance music and rock very much. " says my brother, “because they are amazing. ”but my mother thinks rock is boring. "i like some relaxing （輕松的） music, ” she says. that" s why she likes country music, i think. the writer likes music because

9、 he thinks.a. it' s an exciting part of our lives?b. it' s an amazing part of our livesc. it, s an important part of our lives what kind of music does the writer like?a. rock and pop music. b. rock and dance music. ?c. jazz and country music. who likes dancing?a. the writer. ?b. li lan. ?c.

10、jane.the writer, s mother thinks that country music is .a. amazing?b. boring?c. relaxing how many people's ideas about music are talked about in this passage (短文)？a. 4. b. 5. c. 6.這是幾道重要事實和細節(jié)的辨認題，全是圍繞短文的主題句“different people have different ideas about music”來展開說明的，起補充舉例作用。答案分別為 ca bcb。(3) 運用構詞法、語

11、境線索等幫助來推測關鍵詞義：在閱讀文章的過程中，常常會遇到 一些生詞，如果不懂得這些詞義就會妨礙理解，但大部分生詞的詞義是可以根據(jù)上下文，結(jié) 合構詞法、借助文章中的語境線索幫助在理解基礎上猜測其詞義，這有助于加快閱讀速度, 提高閱讀理解能力。如：water is all around us. water is in the ocean. water is in the lakes and ri vers. water is in the air. there is more water than land on the earth. all livi ng things must have i

12、t. we must have it, too. we cannot live without drinking w ater. sometimes, we do not have all the water that we need. the land will dry u p without water. sometimes, there can be too much water in the land. if it rain s very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hill. it takes some of the la

13、nd with it when it runs down the hills. it is called erosion when the water t akes the land away."erosion” in the passage means .a.地震b.雪崩c.侵蝕d.霜凍根據(jù)前面的語句if it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down th e hills. it takes some of the land with it when it runs down the hills.解釋可以 推知eros

14、ion是一種自然地理現(xiàn)象，即“侵蝕”，答案為c。2-訓練閱讀速度在閱讀中，我們或多或少會碰到一些生詞和不熟悉的短語，這些生詞和短語會妨礙我們 對文章中心的理解，但我們總是查閱詞典也會影響閱讀的速度。為了不查詞典又能破解生詞 詞義，并理解好文章的中心,要求考生根據(jù)構詞法判斷詞義。如:this material is unre adable.中unreadable是生詞。學生可以根據(jù)詞根read ,知道un和able分別為前綴和 后綴，那么unreadable的意義就不難猜測了；還可以培養(yǎng)學生根據(jù)生詞與上下文的關系來 猜測其意義。生詞所在的句子、段落會提供很多的暗示和線索，依據(jù)這些暗示和線索就可以

15、 理解生詞的詞義了。如：同義詞反義詞線索；解釋性線索；例證性線索；標點符號線索等。 如：a. the herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.定語從句中的looks after sheep就解釋了 herdsman的詞義為“牧人”。b. like her younger sister who is gregarious, alice also likes to make frie nds.句首的like （像）這個語境線索說明：句中的gregarious與likes to make friend s意義相近。通過

16、這些方式可以幫助學生加快閱讀速度，進一步提高閱讀正確率。3. 改進閱讀方式（1）預測：培養(yǎng)學生依據(jù)文章標題（副標題）、插圖以及相關的背景知識和社會生活 經(jīng)驗，對文章的大致內(nèi)容預測以及可能涉及到的詞匯，然后閱讀文章的第一段，并對自己的 預測進行驗證、糾正，同時抓住主題句、關鍵詞，從而更好地從整體上去理解和把握文章的 中心。（2）略讀：指導學生快速瀏覽全文，領會文章大意，辨析文體，掌握篇章結(jié)構，進而 抓住文章的中心。（3）查讀：指導學生在瀏覽全文的基礎上進行查讀，以回答個別事實細節(jié)性的問題。 有些細節(jié)性的問題不能直接在短文中找到答案，必須進行必要的綜合、歸納、轉(zhuǎn)換才能獲得， 也就是要在直接可獲得的

17、事實和細節(jié)的基礎上經(jīng)過綜合、歸納、轉(zhuǎn)換間接地獲得所需要的事 實和細節(jié)。它通常涉及數(shù)據(jù)、時間、人稱、代詞的指代、動作的行為的關聯(lián)、動作行為者與 承受者、地點和空間、表態(tài)方式、因果、條件、內(nèi)涵與外延等。如：one day mrs wison went shopping with tracy and ben. they went to the superm arket in the new shopping center."why do you buy things here?" tracy wanted to know. "because they are ch ea

18、per here than at the corner store near our home, ” mrs. wilson said. "help m e check the prices, please."the wilsons were not rich and mrs. wilson was always careful with her money.she looked carefully at the prices of things. she bought lots of things in the supermarket. when they got hom

19、e, the children said, “we don' t think you saved money by going to the supermarket. ” “of course i did, ” mrs. wilson said “e verything was cheaper there."“we know, " the children said,“but we came home by taxi because we had too much to carry. the taxi fare wasmore than the money that

20、 you saved !”mrs wilson added everything up.her children were right."well done, ” she said. “nexttime we' 11 do the shopping nearby."the things at the corner store werethan those in the supermarket.a.cheaper?b. nicer?c. moreexpensive?!). better?a.c.mrs. wilsoninthe end.spent more money?b. paidless money?lost some money d. saveda little money這兩個問題都是細節(jié)性問題，但又不能直接