人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents?一、詞性變化communicate交流，溝通（動(dòng)詞） communication 名(詞 )cloud 云，云朵（名詞）cloudy （形容詞）有云的，多云的argue 爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)論（動(dòng)詞） argument（名詞）compete 競(jìng)爭(zhēng) (動(dòng)詞 ) competition 比賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)（名詞） competitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者compare 比較，對(duì)比（動(dòng)詞）comparison 比較，對(duì)比（名詞）development 發(fā)展，成長(zhǎng) (名詞 ) develop 發(fā)展（動(dòng)詞）succeed成功，達(dá)到 (動(dòng)詞 )

2、success成功（名詞）successful成功的二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. why dontyou + 動(dòng)詞原形 + ? = why not + + 動(dòng)詞原形 + ? 為什么不 ?2. allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事allow doing sth允許做某事3. hang out with sb. 與某人閑逛4. after-school classes課外輔導(dǎo)班5. get into a fight with sb. = have a fight with sb與某人吵架 /打架6. until midnight 直到半夜study too much學(xué)得過(guò)多7. talk t

3、o sb. 與某人交談 (單方面的說(shuō)話 )talk with sb 和某人交談（雙方的談話）8. have free time有空閑時(shí)間9. study too much學(xué)得過(guò)多10. get enough sleep有足夠的睡眠11. write sb. a letter給某人寫(xiě)信12. call sb. up打電話給某人13. surprise sb. 令某人驚訝14. look through翻看 ,瀏覽 相當(dāng)于 look overtalk about 談?wù)撽P(guān)于 15. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣thank sb for +名詞 /代詞 /動(dòng)名詞16. a big d

4、eal重要的事17. work out 成功地發(fā)展 ;解決 , 改善18. get on/along with 和睦相處；關(guān)系良好19. fight a lot 經(jīng)常吵架 /打架20. be good at + 名詞 /代詞 /動(dòng)名詞“擅長(zhǎng)于 .” be good for 對(duì)有好處21. refuse to do sth.拒絕做某事take to 把 帶到 hang over籠罩22. offer to do sth. 主動(dòng)提出做某事offer sb sth = offer sth to sb給某人提供某物23. so that以便，為了= in order that (后都跟從句，且從句經(jīng)常

5、用can,could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 )24. mind doing sth 介意做某事mind sb/ones doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. without +名詞 /代詞 /動(dòng)名詞 “在沒(méi)有 的情況下pare with與 比 較compare to 把 比 作27. make sb. angry使某人生氣28. worry about sth. 擔(dān)心某事29. copy one s homework抄襲某人的作業(yè)30. be oneself 做 自 己31.talk to family members 同家人談?wù)?2. spend time alone 獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)光33. give

6、 sb. pressure給某人施壓a lot of = lots of 許多34. in the future 表示在將來(lái)in future 表示 from now on 從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始35. compete withsb. 與 某 人 競(jìng) 爭(zhēng)36. free time activities 業(yè) 余 活 動(dòng)37. get better grades取得更好的成績(jī)38. learn exam skills學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)試技巧知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全39. give one s opinion提出某人的觀點(diǎn)in ones opinion依 某人的觀點(diǎn)40. play sports進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)41. cause stres

7、s造成壓力42. cut out刪除45. notany more 不再46. return = give back to 歸還47. It s + 形容詞 + to do sth 做某事是 .48. explain = make sth clear 解釋，說(shuō)明explain sth to sb向某人解釋 49. take/have after-school classes上補(bǔ)習(xí)課think for oneself 獨(dú)立思考50. continue doing sth =go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事 (前后做同一件事 ) continue to do sth = go on to

8、do sth繼續(xù)做某事（前后不是同一件事）51. get into high school上高中 get into a good university上一所好大學(xué) 52.push so hard 逼得太緊 It s time for sb to do sth到某人做某事的時(shí)間了53. each other 彼此，互相all the time 一直 相當(dāng)于 always54. make a deal with 與 做交易三、重點(diǎn)句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn t get enough sleep.我昨晚學(xué)習(xí)到半夜所以睡眠不足

9、。2. Why don't you forge t about it? 你為什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although she wrong,s it snot a big deal.雖然她錯(cuò)了 ?但這并不是什么大事兒。4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he s sorry.他應(yīng)該跟朋友談?wù)勔员闼苷f(shuō)聲對(duì)不起。5. Maybe you could go to his house也.許你可以去他家。6. I guess I could, but I don t want to surprise him.我想我可以 .但我不想讓

10、他感到驚訝。7. Hope things works out. 希望事情會(huì)好起來(lái)。四、單元語(yǔ)法1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should與 could的用法should為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示勸告、建議， 意為“應(yīng)該”，它和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，其否定形式為shouldnt。Maybe she should say sorry to you也.許她應(yīng)該跟你說(shuō)聲對(duì)不起。could 的用法could 用于表示建議時(shí)回答通常用 can 或者 cantcould 既是 can 的過(guò)去式，表示過(guò)去的能力，又可以表示謹(jǐn)慎、客氣的建議，后接動(dòng)詞原形，其否定形式為 couldnt。知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全2. Why

11、 don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth?為什么不 .呢？用于提建議的句型有：(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doingsth? .怎么樣？(2)Why don t youdo sth?= Why not do sth?為什么不呢？(3)Let dos sth.讓我們一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我們做 好嗎？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做 /不做某事(6) Will/Would you please do sth請(qǐng)你做 好嗎？(7) Would you li

12、ke to do sth?你想去做某事嗎？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事嗎？【回答】(1). 同意對(duì)方的建議時(shí)，一般用： Good idea./ That s good idea好主.意OK/ All right./ Great 好 / 行/太好了 Yes, please ./ I d love是的 /to我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法 No problem 沒(méi)問(wèn)題 Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 當(dāng)然可以 Yes, I think so 對(duì)，我也這樣想(2).對(duì)對(duì)方的幫助或要求表示委婉謝絕時(shí)，一般用： I

13、don t think so我認(rèn)為不是這樣 Sorry, I can 對(duì)不t起，我不能I d love to, but I m afraid 我愿意，但恐怕 3、狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句就是在句子中作狀語(yǔ)的從句。 狀語(yǔ)從句有好幾種， 如時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句等。本單元重點(diǎn)講述以下三種類型的狀語(yǔ)從句。until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句until 意為“直到；在 .之前”。注意 until 和 not.until 在用法上的區(qū)別。在帶有 till或 until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到時(shí)” ，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式，

14、其含義是“直到才” , 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。 Let s wait until the rain stops. We won t start until Bob come知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全although引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句although 的用法意思相當(dāng)于though （盡管，雖然），用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。它所引導(dǎo)的從句不能與并列連詞but ，and，yet ， still等詞連用。so等連用，但可以和 Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.盡管這本書(shū)很舊，我們還是決定買。 Although he was tired, he went on wo

15、rking.Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.盡管他參加這次競(jìng)賽只不過(guò)是鬧著玩而已，卻贏得了頭等獎(jiǎng)。4.(1)too many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞許多(2)too much +不可數(shù)名詞許多(3)muchtoo +形容詞太 too many peopletoo much homeworkmuch too cold【拓展】 although/however辨析 although conj，“雖然；即使；縱然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong他.雖然年紀(jì)大了，但身體還很健壯。 however adv，在句中作插入語(yǔ)， 起一個(gè)連詞的作用， 一般用逗號(hào)與句子分開(kāi)，可以放在句首或句中，意為“然