初中狀語從句講解及習(xí)題附答案4

1、（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子；位置 狀語從句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，時(shí)間、條件、緣由和讓步狀語從句放在句首時(shí)需要用逗號和主句隔開；分類依據(jù)其作用可以分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、緣由、條件、目的、讓步、方式和比較等狀語從句；作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動(dòng)詞、定語、狀語和整個(gè)句子；（二）狀語從句詳解1. 時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例when意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”；when引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞；并且when 有時(shí)表示“就在那時(shí)”while意為“在的時(shí)候，在 的同時(shí)”；while 引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞必需是連續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時(shí)間較長，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)

2、作同時(shí)發(fā)生（或者相對應(yīng)）；while 有時(shí)仍可以表示對比；a liar is not believed when hespeaks the truth.說謊者講真話時(shí)也沒有人信任；when he arrives , i ll call you. whenyoulaughandsmile, your body relaxes.while i was standing at the window, i saw several boys running along the street.while john was watching tv, his wife was cooking.as意為“一邊一

3、邊”；as引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是連續(xù)性的，發(fā)生時(shí)間較短，一般用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生； as 也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)一前一后；after意為“在之后”；表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后；主句與從句的動(dòng)作時(shí)間關(guān)系與 before 引導(dǎo)的從句相反；before意為“在之前”；引導(dǎo)的從 句 不用 否 定形 式的謂語，并且當(dāng) before 引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)譯成“就，才”；當(dāng)主句用將來時(shí)，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；假如 before 引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時(shí)，就主 句 動(dòng)詞 多 用過 去完成時(shí)，這樣以便表達(dá)動(dòng)作的先后；till意為“直到”；一般情形下可以和 until 互換；假如主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必需用否定

4、形式； 假如主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是the writer was angry as he was travelling on a trainto london because someone had invadedhis“ space ”.he smiled as he stood up.withmanyhungryvisitors waiting,donst tay too long atyourtableafteryouhave finished.ifan earlyexitisnecessary, you can leave after a scene is over.you can t wa

5、tch tv before youfinish your homework.before it ended, the theatre was almost empty.myfather had leftforcanadajust before the letter arrived.she didn et ven knowthat it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking moving from side to side light.the fireman worked very hard連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用確定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同；til

6、l the fire was out.until意為“直到”；在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用 until ；假如主句中的 謂 語動(dòng) 詞 是瞬 時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必需用否定形式；假如主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用確定和否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同；since意為“自從，從以來”；引導(dǎo)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以 是連續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，也可以 是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞；一般情形下，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去 時(shí)，而主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；但在it is+ 時(shí) 間 +since從 句的 句 型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；i mwaitingformysister. i won tgo to see my uncle untilshe comes

7、.wait untili finishwhat i am doing.i have been studying hard since i entered the high school.it is four years since my sisterlived in beijing.it is five years months since our boss was not in beijing.as soon as意為“一就”；引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，假如主句用了將來時(shí)，從句一般使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；tom will call me as soon as he gets home.iwillcallyou

8、as soon as iarrive.2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例where意為“哪里”；“where 引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句，（there+）where there is a will, there is a way.主句”“哪里哪里就”；主句在從句后面時(shí)，there可用可不用；主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there.wherever意 為 “ 無 論 何 地 ” ；anywhere/wherever 引 導(dǎo) 地點(diǎn) 狀 語 從 句 + 主 句 ；anywhere 本身是個(gè)副詞， 但是?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相當(dāng)于 wherever,anywhere 引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位

9、于主句之后；而 wherever 本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處， 無論何處”；they were good persons. where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.you should have put the book where you found it.wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.i ll go anywhere you go.3.條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，假如”；當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候， 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；unless連詞，意為“除非（=ifnot）

10、；當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；don ttalkloudlyatthe meeting. ifyou do,youwill have to leave.we ll goforapicnicifitdoesn t rain this weekend. don t discusstheproblems withyourpartner unless you are asked to do so.iwon t gothere unless you come with me.4.緣由狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as意為“由于”；引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句時(shí)表示附帶；說明“雙方已知的緣由” ，語氣比 sin

11、ce 弱，較為正式， 位置較為敏捷（常放于主句之前）；since意為“由于”；引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、明顯的理由（通常被翻譯成“既然”），較為正式，語氣比because弱；because意為“由于”；引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句一般放于主句之后，表述直接緣由，語氣較強(qiáng)，最適合 why 引導(dǎo)的疑問句； because 引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句有時(shí)可以與because of短語互換；for意為“由于”；引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接緣由，只提as the weather is cold, i stay at home.asitisraining,you dbettertake

12、a taxi.as you are tired, you dbetter rest.sincethe earth lookslikea ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.since the race is in april, i had to run throughout the winter, and in boston, winters are cold. since everybody is here. let's begin our meeting.thewomanpreferswinter because

13、 she can skate.i dliketocollectstampsbecause they are interesting.i mverytiredthesedays because of studying physics.he can t come because he is ill.= he can t come because of his illness.he must be ill, for he is absent today.供一些幫助性的補(bǔ)充說明，for 引導(dǎo)的緣由狀語從句只能放于主句之后，并且必需用逗號將其與主句隔開；he could not have seen me

14、, for i was not there.5.目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例so that意為“以至，以便” ；目的 狀 語 的 謂 語 常 含 有may,might,can,could, should, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.mr. green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in order that意為“為了”，相當(dāng)于sothat. in order to 后面可以跟動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)

15、成目的狀 語，不是目的狀語從句；we shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例sothat意為“如此以至于”；so+ adj./adv.原級+that, so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞和副詞；so 仍可與表示數(shù)量的形容 詞many,few,much,little 這四個(gè)形容詞表示多或少時(shí) 連用 , 形成固定搭配；so+ many 或 few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that; so+ much或thisyear ithas rainedso heavil

16、y insouth china that lots of problems are caused. the ice on the lake was sothinthatpeoplecouldn tskate on it.too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy thelittle+ 不行數(shù)名詞 +that.present.there are so few notebooks that i can t give you any.such.that意為“如此以至于”；有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：

17、such+aan+adj.+單 數(shù) 不 可數(shù)名詞 +that; such+adj.+不行數(shù)名詞 +that; such + adj.+ 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that,such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組；有時(shí)可與 sothat 句型轉(zhuǎn)換；it ssuch awonderfulsong that we all like it.simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.the boy is so young that hecangto to school.= he is such a young boy that he can t g

18、o to school.7.讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例though意為“雖然” ；不能和but連用；但是可以同yetstill 連用，構(gòu)成thoughyetstill. though 較普遍，常用于非正式的口語和 書 面 語 中 ； even能 和though 組合表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，在這里even though=even ifno matterif;though即 使 也；though 可以獨(dú)立用作副詞，常放在句末， 意為 all thesame仍 是 ； 仍 然 或however可是；然而 ；so ithas livedupto now though it isn't strong at a

19、ll.thoughtheyaretwin brothers, they don t look like each other.evenif/eventhoughwecould afford it, we would afford it, we wouldn tgo abroad for our vacation.although意為“雖然” ；不能和butalthoughhediedseveral連用；但是可以同yetstill連 用 ， 構(gòu) 成although yetstill.although 較為正式，語氣比 though重，常用以強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步概念；even 不能和 although 組合；

20、yearsago,icanstill remember the days we spent togetherandwhathehas taught me about love.although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8. 比較狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例asas.意為“和一樣”；表示同級的比較；使用時(shí)要留意第一個(gè) as 為副詞，其次個(gè)as 為連詞；其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：she is very good at painting. she can paint as well as here tea

21、cher.i ran out as quickly asas+adj./adv原.級 +as；如有possible.not as / soas修飾成分，如twice,three times, half, a quarter等，就須置于第一個(gè) as 之前； 意為“和不一樣，不如”；也表示同級比較；she is not so as outgoing as her sister.thisdictionaryisnotas/souseful as you think.9.方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法示例as/justas.so意為“如同，就像” ；引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常 位 于 主 句 后 ， 但 在jus

22、tas.so結(jié)構(gòu)中位于when in rome, do as the romans do.as water is to fish, so air isto man.句首，這時(shí)as 從句帶有比如的含義，意為“正 如，就像”，多用于正式文體；as if/ as though意為“就像，似乎” ；兩者的意義和用法相同， 引出的狀語從句謂語多用 虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣， 表示所說情形是事實(shí)或 實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大； 常譯作“似乎似的， 似乎 似的”；if would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we

23、were the same age.it looks as if the weathermay pick up very soon.練習(xí)一一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.a. thoughb. sincec. ford. so2. -do you know if he to play basketball with us.-i think he will come if he free tomorrow.a. comes; isb. comes; will bec. will come; isd. will come;

24、 will be3. in the zoo if a child into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come up him.a. willfall;to helpb. falls; to helpc. willfall;helpd.falls; helping4. i don t remember he worked in that city when he was young.a. whatb. whichc. whered. who5. we will stay at home if my aunt to visit us to

25、morrow.a. comesb. comec. will comed. is coming6. the police asked the children cross the street the traffic lights turned green.a. not; beforeb. don t; whenc. not to; untild. not; after7. i was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.a. whenb. thatc. untild. because8. i ll go

26、 swimming with you if i free tomorrow.a. will beb. shall bec. amd. was9. in the exam, the you are, the mistakes you will make.a. careful; littleb. more careful; fewestc. more careful; fewerd. more careful; less10. you should finish your lessons you go out to play.a. beforeb. afterc. whend. while11.

27、i hurried i wouldn t be late for class.a. sinceb. so thatc. as ifd. unless12. when you read the book, you d better make a mark you have any questions.a. whichb. thatc. whered. though13. the teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.a. forb. so thatc. becaused. in order14. he took off

28、his coat he felt hot.a. becauseb. asc. ifd. since15. it is that we d like to go out for a walk.a. a lovelydayb. too lovelya dayc. so lovelya dayd. such lovely a day16. mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.a. suchb. soc. tood. very17. i felt very tired, i tried to finish the

29、 work.a. althoughb. becausec. asd. as if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.a. withb. sincec. whiled. as19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.a. so longasb.inorder thatc.nomatter howd.the moment20. write to me as soon as you to beijing.a. will getb. getc. gettingd. got二. 依據(jù)中文意思完成以下

30、英語句子1. 不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不憤怒；i am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布魯斯太太對同學(xué)特別親切，以至于同學(xué)把她當(dāng)做母親；mrsbruce waskind to her studentstheyher their mother.3. 只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)中意我們的表現(xiàn)；our parents will be pleased with our performance we try our best.4. 你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？will you please call me you get to shanghai.5. 這

31、個(gè)七歲的女孩熱愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅(jiān)持練習(xí)兩年了；the seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.6. 雖然她很忙，他仍堅(jiān)持自學(xué)英語； , she kepton learningenglishbyherself.7. 他長大后相當(dāng)一名記者；he wants to be a journalist .8. 無論刮風(fēng)下雨，我們的老師總是第一個(gè)到校； windyor rainy, our teacher is always the firstto get to school.9.

32、 假如人人為愛護(hù)環(huán)境做出奉獻(xiàn)，世界將會(huì)變得更美好； to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，由于他病了；li ming didn t come to school .練習(xí)二1. the meeting didn't start everyone was there.a. becauseb. untilc. whyd. if2 .the boy to bed his mother came in.a. went not; until b. didn'

33、t go; after c. went; until d. didn't go; until3. i won't believe you i have seen it with my own eyes.a. before b. until c. after d. when4 .he home she was satisfied his answer yesterday.a. didn't go; until; withb. wasn't go; after; toc. doesn't go; before; withd. didn't go; u

34、ntil; to 5 .he back until the work done.a. isn't; will be b. isn't; is c. won't be; will be d. won't be; is 6 .they didn't start the work their teacher came back.a. until b. while c. as soon as d. if7. tom will call me as soon as he shanghai.a. arrives b. will reach c. arrives in

35、 d. get to8. i'm sure he'll come to see me before he beijing.a. will leave b. is leaving c. leave d. leaves9. i will tell him the news as soon as he back.a. come b. comes c. will come d. came10. tom has got a watch. he it for two years. it by his father.a. has bought; was bought b. has got;

36、is bought , c. was bought; has bought .d. has had; was bought "'11. when he got to the station, the train .a. left b. had left c. leaves d. has left12. the boy told his father what he in the street.a. saw b. have seen c. had seen d. see 13.we tv when the telephone .a.watched; was ringingb.w

37、ere watching;rang c.watch;rings d.are watching; rang14. by the end of last term, i ten books.a. had finished reading b. have finish reading c. had finish to read d. finish read15. i you for a long time. where you .a. didn't see; did; go b. didn't see; have;gonec. haven't seen; have; been

38、 d. haven't seen; have; gone16. tom china for 3 years.a. has been b. has been in c. has been to d. has been at17. i won't go to see the film tonight, because i my ticket.a. lost b. have lost c. will lose d. didn't lose 18.-hello. may i speak to bob.-sorry, but he for a month.a. had been

39、away b. was left c. left d. has been away19. i him since i began to live in the city.a. know b. have known c. knew d. will know20. zhao lan already in this school for two years.a. was; studying b. will; study c. has; studied d. are; studying 21.betty didn't go to see the film yesterday she was i

40、ll.a. because b. but c. until d. if22 may i sit nearer i can see more clearly.a. as if b. so that c. even if d. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.a. though b. if c. because d. for24. he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of english.a. while b. when

41、c. since d. after25. i'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.a. for b. unless c. if d. whether26. there are many league members in class 2 in class 4.a. both; and b. 'so; that c. either; or d. as; as27. -do you have a big library.-no, we don't. at least, not yours.a. as big as

42、b. as big than c. as bigger than d. bigger as28. suzhou is not beautiful hangzhou.a. as; than b. so; as c. even; than d. /; than29. iron is more useful any other metal.a. as b. than c. then d. so30. i want to know she is going to see a film.a. if b. that c. what d. which31. you are sure to pass the exam you study hard.a. if b. thoughc. that d. since32. i'll go to see the film with you i have time this evening.a. whether b. so c. if d. when33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.a. if b. until c. unless d. except34. although it was raining,still worked in the f