英語語法：分詞練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法區(qū)別  （一）分詞的作用·現(xiàn)在分詞可用于：·構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g. We are studying English.·當(dāng)副詞作狀語。e.g. The children came, singing and dancing.·當(dāng)形容詞作定語、賓補(bǔ)和表語。    ·e.g. Falling leaves danced in the air.    ·I saw many birds flying along the river.  

2、;  ·The story is very moving.  ·過去分詞可用于：·構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。 e.g. The play had begun when we arrived there.·構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。e.g. English is widely spoken in the world.·當(dāng)副詞作狀語。e.g. Seen here, the city looks more beautiful.·當(dāng)形容詞作定語、賓補(bǔ)和表語。    ·e.g. a boy named

3、 Tom    ·I saw the girl killed with my own eyes.    ·Im interested in English. （二）現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的兩大差別1.在語態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，過去分詞表被動(dòng)。2.在時(shí)態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行，過去分詞表完成。 （三）確定分詞的使用的具體步驟（1）根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定分詞的語法成分（2）找準(zhǔn)邏輯主語（3）判斷主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系（4）選定現(xiàn)在或過去分詞1. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden

4、 burst of light. A. followed   B. following   C. to be followed   D. being followed2. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing                 

5、0;  B. to be first played     C. first played                     D. to be playing3. Whats the language _ in Germany?  A. speaking         B

6、. spoken           C. be spoken         D. to speak4. Most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists.A. invited           B. to invite  

7、0;      C. being invited       D. inviting5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having written  B. to be written   C. being written   D. written（四）分詞作表語共同點(diǎn)：分詞

8、作表語時(shí)，它起著形容詞的作用。 不同點(diǎn)：分詞作表語時(shí)，句子的主語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞作表語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。 1. The news sounds _.    A. encouraging   B. encouraged   C. encourage   D. to encourage2. How did Bob do in the exams this tim

9、e? Well, his father seems _ with his results.    A. pleasing        B. please            C. pleased        D. to please3. How did the audience receive the new p

10、lay? They got very _.    A . excite          B . excited           C . excitedly         D . exciting （五）分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語共同點(diǎn)：分詞在復(fù)合賓語中可作賓語補(bǔ)足語，對(duì)句子的賓語起補(bǔ)充或說明

11、作用。不同點(diǎn)：分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，句子的賓語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。1. The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead.     A. lying                 B. lie

12、0;                           C. lay                    D. laying2. Good mor

13、ning. Can I help you?    Id like to have the package _, madam.    A. be weighed      B. to be weighed     C. to weigh         D. weighed3. He is not good at English, so it is not easy f

14、or him to make himself _.    A. understand    B. understanding   C. understood   D. understands4. If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air _ against your face.    A. moved      

15、60;     B. moving            C. moves             D. to move （六）分詞作狀語共同點(diǎn)：分詞作狀語時(shí)，一般在句子中作時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨等狀語。不同點(diǎn)：分詞作狀語時(shí)，句子的主語就是該分詞的邏輯主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與其邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一

16、般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所示動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。 1. “Cant you read?” Mary said ，_ to the notice.    A. angrily pointing                      B. and point angrily   

17、C. angrily pointed                       D. and angrily pointing2. _ a reply, he decided to write again.    A. Not receiving          &

18、#160;              B. Receiving not    C. Not having received                D. Having not received3. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction

19、 with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.    A. having added     B. to add        C. adding          D. added  4The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back

20、.A. being tied       B. having tied      C. to be tied        D. Tied過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)I. 單項(xiàng)選擇（75%）1. _ the house on fire, he dialed 119. A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen 2. I fell down and broke three of

21、 my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth _. A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix3. Were _ to listen to her _ voice. Its _to hear her sing. A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasu

22、re4. _a post office, I stopped_ some stamps. A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy5. _with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared6. Here are some new computer programs

23、 _for home buildings. A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design7. _a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved8. The teacher came into the classroom _by his students. A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having foll

24、owed9. With the money _, he couldnt buy any ticket. A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldnt make himself _. A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear11. The result of the test was rather _. A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being di

25、sappointed D. disappoint 12. Ive never heard the word _in spoken English. A. use B. used C. using D. being used 13. _how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help. A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known 14. Deeply _, I thanked her again and again. A. being moving B. mo

26、ved C. moving D. to be moved 15. With winter _on, its time to buy warm clothes. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 16. _the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building. A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown 17. He went from door to door, _waste papers a

27、nd magazines. A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered18. The student corrected his paper carefully, _the professors suggestions. A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed 19. The _price will save you one dollar for each dozen. A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces 20. P

28、eople _in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living 21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point _. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem _. A. settle B.

29、 settled C. to settle D. settling 23. The librarys study room is full of students _for the exam. A. busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparing 24. The ground is _with _ leaves. A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 25. Lesson

30、s _easily were soon forgotten. A. to learn B. learn C. learned D. learning 26. The wallet _several days ago was found _in the dustbin outside the building。A. stolen, hidden B. stealing, hiding C. stealing, hidden D. stolen, hiding 27. A person _a foreign language must be able to use the foreign lang

31、uage, _all about his own. A. to learn, to forget B. learning, to forget C. to learn, forgetting D. learning, forgetting 28. _different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality. A. To produce B. Being produced C. Produced D. Having produced 29. The students in the university are al

32、l taking courses _a degree. A. coming to B. going to C. leading to D. turning to 30. Many things _impossible in the past are very common today. A. consider B. considering C. considered D. be considered 31. _many times, he still couldnt understand. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He having been

33、 told D. Telling 32. The old sick lady entered the hospital, _her two sons. A. to support B. supporting C. supported by D. having supported 33. China is one of the largest countries in the world, _9. 6 million square kilometres. A. to cover B. covered C. covers D. covering 34. _and happy, Tony stood

34、 up and accepted the prize.A Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising 35. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added 36. “Can you read?” Mary said _to the notice. A. angrily po

35、inting B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 37. _ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room. A. Writing B. Having written C. Written D. Being written 38. Were you _when you saw that wild animal ? A. fright B. frightening C. frightened D. frigh

36、ten 39. Properly _with numbers, the books can be easily found. A. marked B. mark C. to mark D. marking 40. The child sat in the dentists chair _. A. tremble B. trembling C. trembled D. to trembled 41. At this moment the bell rang, _the end of class. A. announce B. announcing C. announced D. to annou

37、nce42. He walked down the hills, _softly to himself. A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing 43. I had to shout to make myself _ above the noise. A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to hear 44. The graduating students are busy _material for their reports. A. collect B. to collect C. collected D. collecting 45. The cars _in Beijing are as good as those _in Shanghai. A. produce, produce B. produced, producedC. produced, producing D. producing, producing 46. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _a patient. A. examine