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1、初二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)備課unit 1 第一課時(shí)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以分 為四類(lèi) :實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 (或 稱(chēng)行為動(dòng)詞 ) 連系動(dòng)詞 、情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞 以及助 動(dòng)詞 。一、行為動(dòng)詞(它含有實(shí)在的意義(又叫實(shí)義動(dòng)詞),表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),在句中可以單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ))行為動(dòng)詞又分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞后面必須加賓語(yǔ),意義才完整,不及物動(dòng)詞后面不能直接帶賓語(yǔ),常需要在賓語(yǔ)前加介詞才能帶賓語(yǔ)(look at (for, after), get to (on), hear of, hear from, point to (at), worry about, take care of ,play with, think about等
2、)we study english very hard. she has a book in her hand. the sun rises in the east.注意行 為動(dòng)詞 的幾 種變 化形式原形enjoy 第三人 稱(chēng)單數(shù) enjoys過(guò)去式enjoyed現(xiàn)在分 詞enjoying 二.連系 動(dòng)詞(本身有一定詞義,但不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ),必須與表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ))常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞 有: be + adj. / n.是,在become + n. /adj. 變成 turn + adj. 變得get + adj.變得 grow + adj. 長(zhǎng)得keep + adj保持著 feel + adj感到
3、look + adj看上去 seem + adj./n看起 來(lái)好象 smell + adj.聞起來(lái) fall asleep 入睡my parents are both farmers. the milk tastes terrible. the song sounds good.第二 課時(shí)三.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (本身有詞義,但不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ),只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話(huà)者的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化)can you sing the english song? everyone must get to school on time. 1.can: 能, 會(huì) 表示能力,2.may:
4、可以,可能,或許may be 可能請(qǐng)區(qū)別 maybe 副詞 可能3.must:必須,表示肯定的猜測(cè)must be 準(zhǔn)是,一定是精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -4.could: 比 can 語(yǔ)氣 更委婉, 客氣,并不表示 過(guò)去時(shí)。5.must 表示 說(shuō)話(huà) 人的主 觀看法, have to 表示外界客 觀愿望 ,不得不。如:her mother is ill. she has to stay at home and take care of her. you must look af
5、ter your clothes. 7.should 表示 應(yīng)當(dāng) ,應(yīng)該 ,與疑問(wèn)詞連 用表意外, 驚奇。 what should i do? 我該怎么辦 呢?四、助 動(dòng)詞(本身無(wú)詞義,不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ),必須和主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),表示疑問(wèn),否定,時(shí)態(tài)或其它語(yǔ)法形式)助動(dòng)詞 有 do, does, did, have, has, will, would等*動(dòng)詞 不定式形式:to + 動(dòng)詞 原形特點(diǎn): 1. 無(wú)人 稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。2. 在句中不能作 謂語(yǔ) 。3.可以有自己的賓語(yǔ) 或狀語(yǔ) ,構(gòu)成不定式短 語(yǔ)。1. 使役 動(dòng)詞 : let, make 感 觀動(dòng)詞 : see, hear, watch, fe
6、el, notice之后必 須使用省略to 的 動(dòng)詞不定式。如: nothing could make him get angry.i often hear her sing in the morning. 2.it 作形式主 語(yǔ),可用to do 作真正的主 語(yǔ)。如:it took me half an hour to finish the work.its bad for you to read in bed.its very kind of you to help me. 記住一些特殊 結(jié)構(gòu) :would like/love to do 想要做 why not do ? 為什么不做help
7、 sb.(to)do sth. 幫助某人做某事4)too.to do sth. 太. 以致不能 . (5)cant wait to do sth. 等不及做某事 ,迫不及待做某事(6)stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下 來(lái)開(kāi) 始做某事unit 2 第三 課時(shí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài):(一)時(shí)態(tài)概述:作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式稱(chēng)為時(shí)態(tài),英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài),就是通過(guò)特殊的動(dòng)詞詞尾或加一些相關(guān)的助動(dòng)詞be, have(has)等,用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作或事件發(fā)生的不同時(shí)間和方面。eg: he reads newspapers every day. he read
8、 the newspaper yesterday. he is going to read the newspaper tomorrow. (二)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):1. 動(dòng)詞變化:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用動(dòng)詞原形表示,但第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)后要加詞尾-s,另外 be 和 have 有特殊的人稱(chēng)形式。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -在加詞尾 -s 時(shí)要注意:情況加法例詞一般情況加-s reads, writes, says 以 ch, sh, s, x, 或 o 收尾的詞加-es teaches, wa
9、shes, guesses, fixes, goes 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞變 y 為 i 再加 -es try tries carrycarries 讀音:情況讀法例詞在ptkf等清輔音后shelps, hates, asks, laughs 在sztd 3等音后izfaces, rises, wishes, watches, urges 在其他情況下zplans, cries, shows 2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要表示:(1)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用:always, often, usually, sometimes等 eg: we always help each o
10、ther. it often snows in winter. i get up early every morning. (2)表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的特征、性格、能力等。eg: he loves sports. jane is an outgoing girl. tom and tim both have medium height. (3) 表示客觀、 普遍真理 eg: two and four makes six. water boils at 100 the moon moves round the earth. 3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句一般以在句首加助動(dòng)詞do,does 的方式構(gòu)成。第三人稱(chēng)
11、單數(shù)加does,其他加 do,這時(shí)動(dòng)詞一概用原形;動(dòng)詞be 只需與主語(yǔ)位置對(duì)調(diào)就行了。eg: do you like english?do they have story books? what does she do every evening? is she at home? are you good at english? 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -4. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定式是do not(dont)或 does not (doesn t)動(dòng)詞原形來(lái)構(gòu)成的,be 動(dòng)詞做
12、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只需在be 后加 not 構(gòu)成否定。eg:i don t like oranges at all. she doesn t work in the tv station. they aren t students. i m not busy every weekend. 第四 課時(shí)三. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):1. 動(dòng)詞變化:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“am /is /are動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。加-ing 的規(guī)則如下:(1)一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ing。如: staystaying dodoing listenlistening suffersuffering workworkingspend spending
13、 looklooking (2)以不發(fā)音的字母e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先去掉e,再加 -ing。如: makemaking taketaking givegiving rideriding pleasepleasing refuse refusing close closingoperateoperating (3) 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加 -ing。 如: put puttingsitsitting runrunning win winning begin beginning 2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法(1)表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,這時(shí)可以不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),也可以
14、和now, at present, at the moment 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。有時(shí)用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,如look(看), listen(聽(tīng))。eg: what are you reading now? listen! someone is singing in the classroom. (2) 表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)期的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。eg: they are working in a factory these days. more and more people are giving up smoking. (3)表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安
15、排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,即可以用來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。eg: when are you leaving? are you going to tibet tomorrow? 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句比較簡(jiǎn)單。否定句在be(am, is, are)后面加 not;疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞移到主語(yǔ)前。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -eg: i am not working. what are you reading now? how are you feeling today? the train i
16、sn t arriving soon.第五課時(shí)unit1 and unit 8 can, could 1. 表 達(dá) “ 能 力 ” 。表 示 能 力 , 有 能 、 會(huì) 、 能 夠 的 意 思 。 例 如can you drive a car? we can use the computer now, but we couldnt two month ago. 2. 表示 “ 許可 ” 。 you can go now. 3. 有禮帽地提出 “ 請(qǐng)求 ” 。 (用于疑問(wèn)句could you do , , please? / could i do , please?could you , ple
17、ase? “ 請(qǐng)你 , 好嗎?” 表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的請(qǐng)求; could i , please? “ 我可以 , 嗎?”用來(lái)征求對(duì)方是否允許自己做某事。這兩個(gè)常用句型中的 could 一詞也可用can 代替,但用could 比用 can 語(yǔ)氣更客氣、更委婉,在句末加上please就顯得更有禮貌。但是回答時(shí), 不能用 could。could you (please) clean your room ?could you be here at eight oclock tomorrow morning? 第六 七 課時(shí)unit2 & unit9形容 詞 副詞1) 形容詞的作用形容詞在句子中一般充當(dāng)
18、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),如:our school looks very beautiful. ( 表語(yǔ))there are fifty students in our class, so we need a big classroom. ( 定語(yǔ) ) doing morning exercises can make us healthy. ( 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ) 2) 形容詞的級(jí)別形容詞有三種級(jí)別,即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。當(dāng)討論的對(duì)象是一個(gè)時(shí)應(yīng)使用原級(jí),當(dāng)討論的對(duì)象是兩個(gè)時(shí)應(yīng)使用比較級(jí),當(dāng)討論的對(duì)象在三個(gè)或更多時(shí)應(yīng)使用最高級(jí)。在形容詞原級(jí)后面加上er 就成為比較級(jí),在原級(jí)后加上est就成為最高級(jí)。
19、一般的單音節(jié)形容詞直接加er 或 est,詞尾是不發(fā)音字母e 的只加 r 或 st,重讀閉音節(jié)應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)詞尾輔音字母再加精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -er 或 est,如: longlongerlongest,nicenicernicest,bigbiggerbiggest。以輔音字母加y為結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞應(yīng)將y 改為 i 再加上 er 或 est,如:earlyearlierearliest, dirty dirtier dirtiest,busybusierbusiest。多
20、音節(jié)的形容詞比較級(jí)應(yīng)在前面加上more,最高級(jí)應(yīng)在前面加上most, 如: mportantmore important most important ,difficult more difficult most difficult 。有 些 特 殊 的 形 容 詞 有 自 己 的 變 化 規(guī) 律 ,如 : good/well betterbest ,bad/badlyworseworst,many/much moremost,little lessleast,farfarther/further farthest/furthest。3) 常見(jiàn) 的使用情 況 1.as as 和 . 一樣(中
21、間用原 級(jí))2.not as(so) as 和. 不一 樣(中間用原 級(jí))兩個(gè)人或物比較時(shí), 如果只說(shuō)明兩者相同或不同,則可使用as.as. 句型,否定句為not as (so).as.句型,這里形容詞仍使用原級(jí),如:mr. green is as old as mr. brown. mr. green is not as (so) old as mr. brown.3 比較級(jí) + than . .比. (用比 較級(jí) )形容詞的比較級(jí)句型應(yīng)使用連詞than或 or,如: the weather in shanghai is hotter than that in beijing.上海的天氣比北
22、京的天氣熱.which subject is more important, english or math? 4. 最高級(jí) +比較范圍有范 圍 修飾的用最高 級(jí)(in, of, 或用 從句修 飾 的) eg. winter is the coldest season of the year. this is the best person that i know . 形容詞的最高級(jí)前應(yīng)加上定冠詞the,句型中應(yīng)給出比較范圍of 或 in 后接名詞,用來(lái)說(shuō)明最高級(jí)的范圍 ,其實(shí)也是 比較對(duì)象 ;,其意義是 某人、某事在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)最。使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)我們應(yīng)該注意,形容詞的最高級(jí)前面一般說(shuō)來(lái)要加用定
23、冠詞the ,而副詞的最高級(jí)前面的定冠詞往往可以省略。例如:the changjiang river is the longest river in china.長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流. the third truck carries the most books of all. 第三輛卡車(chē)在所有的卡車(chē)中載書(shū)最多. he is the tallest of the three boys. that is the biggest lake in our province. joe runs fastest in our 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - -
24、 - - 第 6 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -school . this novel is the most interesting of the three. 在這三部小說(shuō)中,這一部最有趣。she is the tallest of the girls in our class. 她是我們班女孩中的最高個(gè)兒。4)注意點(diǎn):1. 形容 詞最高 級(jí)前一定要用the, 副詞最高 級(jí) 前可省略。2. 可用 much, a little, even, still等修 飾 比較級(jí) 。3.在比 較級(jí) 中為了避免重 復(fù) ,在 than 后常用 one, that, those等 詞來(lái)
25、替代前面提到 過(guò)的名 詞。 eg: the weather here is warmer than that of shanghai. (d) 掌握三 種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 : 1.he is taller than the other students in his class.=he is the tallest (student)in his class. 第八課時(shí)填空5. who is _( heavy), wang lin or lin tao? 6. which country is _( large) , china or japan? 7. mary has _( long) hair
26、 than betty. 8. it s _( hot) in summer in beijing than that in dalian. 9. miss yang is _ ( calm) than miss li. 10. you are _( athletic) than jim. 11. she was not as _ to us as before. (friend) 12. which do you like _, english, chinese or maths? (well) 13. is jim as _ as peter? no, peter is _ than ji
27、m. (strong) 14. these skirts are much _ than those ones. (beautiful) 15. this piece of paper is _ than that one. (thin) 16. who jumps _, she or he? (high) 17. whose apple is _ of the three? (big) 18. jone worked very _ last year and this year she works even _.(hard) 19. its much _ today than yesterd
28、ay. (hot) 20. who does _in english, li yan or wu tong? (good) 22. your handwriting is _ than mine. (bad) 23. 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -is the story _ on page 80? (interest) 24. english is one of _ languages. (useful) 25. it doesnt matter this time. but
29、 come _ next time. (early) 26. the blue one is _ of all. (cheap) 第九 十 課時(shí)unit3 名詞關(guān)于名 詞,我 們必須掌握名 詞的數(shù),名 詞的格。單數(shù) -可用 a、an 來(lái) 修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) ,在元音 發(fā)音 開(kāi)頭 的單詞前用 an,而不是a 可數(shù)名詞名詞的根據(jù) 數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不可 數(shù)名詞1. 復(fù)數(shù) 的構(gòu)成方法:(1) 一般在 復(fù)數(shù) 名詞后加 s,如: dog-dogs。 (2) 以 s、x、ch 、 sh 結(jié)尾的名 詞加 es,如:watch-watches。(3) 以輔 音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的名 詞,變 y 為 i 加 es,如: cou
30、ntry-countries。 請(qǐng)區(qū)別 :如果是元音字母加y 結(jié)尾的名 詞 ,則只須加 s 如: monkey-monkeys。(4) 以 o 結(jié)尾的名 詞,只有 potato( 土豆 ),tomato( 西紅柿 )加 es 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù) 。(5) 以 f、fe 結(jié)尾的名 詞 ,變 f、fe 為 v 再加 es,如: knife-knives。2. 單復(fù)數(shù) 形式相同的 詞:sheep-sheep,fish fish, chinese-chinese,japanese-japanese3.特殊 變化的 單詞 有:(1)tooth-teeth,foot- feet (2)man-men,woman-w
31、omen,(3)child children 4. 常以 復(fù)數(shù) 形式出 現(xiàn)的名 詞:people( 人),clothes( 衣服 ),trousers( 褲子) glasses(眼鏡) , 這些名詞作主 語(yǔ)時(shí) ,同 學(xué)們應(yīng) 特別注意 它們 的謂語(yǔ) ,用 復(fù)數(shù) 。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -如: my clothes are (be) newer than yours. 5. 有些名 詞看似 復(fù)數(shù) 形式, 實(shí)際 上是 單數(shù) 。這 一點(diǎn)是同 學(xué)不易掌握的, 應(yīng)特 別加以 記憶 。
32、如:news( 消息 ),maths( 數(shù)學(xué) ),physics( 物理 )no news is good news. 6. 可用 how many,many ,a few ,few ,a lot of ,lots of , some ,any 等來(lái)修飾可 數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。how many are there in your pencil-box? (knife) 不可 數(shù)名詞:1. 常見(jiàn)的不可 數(shù)名詞有: water ,rice ,fish ,meat ,等。應(yīng)特別記medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,
33、wood. 2. 不可 數(shù)名詞 無(wú)復(fù)數(shù) ,作主 語(yǔ)時(shí) 常看成 單數(shù) 。如: some bread over there. (be) 3. 常用 how much, much, a little, little, a lot of ,some, any等來(lái)修飾 不可 數(shù)名詞。4. 常用 a piece of, a cup of等來(lái)表示不可 數(shù)名詞的量。如要表 達(dá)“ 兩片面包”這樣 的意 義 ,bread仍為不可 數(shù)名詞,不加 s,而 piece 則可加 s。即: two pieces of bread 請(qǐng)區(qū)別 :可 數(shù) 名詞也可用量 來(lái)表示,如:三箱蘋(píng)果three boxes of apples
34、 例:1、these two pieces of bread are over there.(be) 2、could i have three ,please?a. piece of bread b. .piece of breads c. pieces of bread d .pieces of breads 名詞的格名詞所有格的 構(gòu)成方法,在名 詞后加“ s ”。如: tom toms譯為 “的”,若遇上以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù) 名 詞,則在 s 后加“ ”即可。如: teachers day , two weeks holiday,而不以s 結(jié)尾的 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 的所有格,仍按慣例加 s 。如: c
35、hildrens day 關(guān)于名 詞所有格, 應(yīng)掌握以下幾點(diǎn):1. 可用名 詞所有格表示地點(diǎn)。 如:my aunts 我姑姑家。go to the doctors 去醫(yī) 生家。 2. 表示 兩人共同 擁有,在最后一個(gè)名詞后加 s 如: lucy and lilys 露西和莉莉的3. 掌握 詞組 :a girl of five 一個(gè)五歲的女孩a friend of mine 我的一 個(gè)朋友第十一-十二 課時(shí)精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -unit 4-5 一般過(guò)去時(shí)1 用法:動(dòng)詞的
36、一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(行為動(dòng)詞)或存在的狀態(tài)(系動(dòng)詞),did you have a party the other day?前幾天,你們開(kāi)了晚會(huì)了嗎lei feng was a good soldier. 2 它常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 last saturday, in 1998, five years ago yesterday(昨天)、 two days ago, (兩天前 ,)、 last night weekmonthyear , (去年 , )、once upon a time (過(guò)去曾經(jīng))、 just now (剛才)、 in the old days(過(guò)去的日子里
37、)、before liberation(解放前 , )、 when i was 8 years old (當(dāng)我八歲時(shí) , )yesterday morning ,the day before yesterday(前天 ),3 動(dòng)詞變化:一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),在句中由主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式來(lái)表達(dá)。構(gòu)成規(guī)則原形過(guò)去式一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed work plant play worked planted played 結(jié)尾是 e 的動(dòng)詞在末尾加-d like live change liked lived changed 末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-ed pl
38、an(計(jì)劃)stop drop planned stopped dropped 以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的,先變 y 為 i 再加 -ed carry study cry carried studied cried 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的讀音也有規(guī)律可循。請(qǐng)記?。呵搴髏 ,元濁 d,t d 之后讀 id 。 清輔音 p k f s f tf等后, ed要讀 t 。如: worked,finished。元音或濁輔音 b g v z m等后, ed 要讀 d 。如: lived ,called。t或d 后, ed 讀 id 。精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - -
39、 - 第 10 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -如: started,needed 。4動(dòng)詞 be 動(dòng)詞 be 的過(guò)去式有was 和 were 兩種形式。 1) 肯定句若主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)或第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was; 主語(yǔ)是第二人稱(chēng)或其它人稱(chēng)的復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。如:he was in a bank a moment ago剛才他在銀行。 they were at home last night i was at school last friday 2) 否定句在 was(were) 之后加 not 即可變?yōu)榉穸ň?。注意?was not wasn t
40、were notwerent3) 一般疑問(wèn)把 was, were 提到句首, 句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句。即:was, were 主語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ) 其它?如: were you busy last week 你們上周忙嗎?was she early this morning 她今天上午來(lái)得早嗎? 1. what day it yesterday it sunday.2. why the boy late for school this morning because he ill.3. they at home just nowno, they . 4. you in dalian last mo
41、nthyes, i .5. who not here today everyone here, but liu mei and rose not here yesterday. 6. mr. green at the museum half an hour ago no, he . 3行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí):肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其它。如: he went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(yǔ)+did not (didnt)+ 動(dòng)詞原形 +其它。如: he didnt go to the toy store yesterday. 他
42、昨天沒(méi)去玩具店。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成: did+主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它如: -did you go to beijing last week? -yes, we did. (no, we didnt.) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成:疑問(wèn)詞 did+主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其它如:-what did you do last night? -i did my homework. 第十三 課時(shí)unit 6精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)除表示現(xiàn)在外,還可表示將來(lái),常有 意圖 、安排
43、 或 打算 的含義。這種用法比較生動(dòng),給人一種期待感。它常表示最近或較近的將來(lái),所使用的動(dòng)詞多是轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。如: im going. 我就要走了。were leaving for beijing tomorrow. 我們明天就去北京。when are you starting? 你們什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身? they are coming here this afternoon. 他們今天下午來(lái)這兒。表示將來(lái)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)除用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞外,也可用于某些非轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。what are you doing next sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么? my mother is buying me a bike
44、 soon. 我媽媽不久將給我買(mǎi)一輛自行車(chē)。im meeting you after class. 課后我要找你。練一練!1. betty _(leave) for guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon. her brother bob _(see) her off. it s half past one now. they_ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate. 2. the browns _ (go) to the north china by train next week. they _ (stay
45、) in beijing for a week. they _(go) to xi an. they _(get) there by air. 3. some friends_ (come) to anne s birthday party this evening. anne s mother _ (be) busy _ (get) ready for the birthday dinner. anne _(help) her mother now. is leaving, is seeing, are waiting, are going, are staying, are going,
46、are getting, are coming, is getting, is helping第十四 -十五 課時(shí)unit 7 一、用法:“be going to”表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。它是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的一種表達(dá)形式, 其后常有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:tomorrow, next week 等。例如:we are going to play 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -football tomorrow. 明天我們將去踢足球。二、構(gòu)成:be going
47、to 動(dòng)詞原形。在be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)中,be隨主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化而變化,而 going to 固定不變。 例如:he is going to clean the classroom tomorrow. they are going to clean the classroom tomorrow. 三、句式變化: be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的句式變化都可在be 上完成。 變疑問(wèn)句時(shí), 將 be 提至主語(yǔ)之前;變否定句在be 后加 not。例如: they are not going to have a picnic next week. 下星期他們將不去野餐。 are they go
48、ing to have a picnic next week? what are they going to do next week? 四、 “be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”的用法。1. 表示主語(yǔ)打算、安排在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事或出現(xiàn)的某種狀態(tài)。這種主觀意圖,一般已做過(guò)事先安排,故其實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大,其主語(yǔ)常是人。例如:we are going to swim next sunday. 下星期天我們打算去游泳。 (已打算好下星期天去游泳)2. 表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)有情況、某種跡象,判斷將要或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)不含有主觀意圖,只是表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)客觀事態(tài)發(fā)展的判斷或推測(cè),此時(shí)主語(yǔ)可以是人,也可以是物。
49、例如:look! it”s going to rain. 看! 天要下雨了。 (可能根據(jù)天氣悶熱、雷聲隆隆等跡象判斷天要下雨)i ” m not feeling well, i” m going to be ill. 我感覺(jué)不是很好,可能要生病了。(僅表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種感覺(jué)而已)3. 若“be going to +動(dòng)詞原形” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞是go 時(shí),此時(shí)動(dòng)詞go 可以省去。 例如:they are going to ( go to ) the park next friday. 下星期五他們打算去公園。練習(xí):1. jack and wei fang are going to do some
50、shopping next tuesday.(變成否定句) 2. i m going to see my teacher on teachers day. (變成一般疑問(wèn)句,并作肯定回答) 3. they are going to carry these bags to the bus stop. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 4. li ming is going there the day after tomorrow. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 5. are, to, going, next, week, they, do, what? (連詞成句)6. i m, going, walk, fast,
51、not, too, to.( 連詞成句 ) 補(bǔ)全對(duì)語(yǔ)。a: (1)_? b: i m going to buy a present(禮物 ). a: (2)_? b: i m going to give it to my english teacher. a: (3)_? b: i m going to buy a card. 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -a: (4)_? b: i m going to buy it in the shop over there. a: a
52、re you going there alone( 獨(dú)自一人 )? b: no. (5)_. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子。1. 孩子們要徒步登上山項(xiàng)。2. 下周我們打算去釣魚(yú)。3. 我很累, 打算休息一會(huì)兒。5. 王叔叔正在修自行車(chē)。他打算后天騎車(chē)去長(zhǎng)城。uncle wang is repairing his bike. hes _ the great wall by bike _. 第十六 課時(shí)unit10 反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句是由兩部分組成的,前一部分是對(duì)事物的陳述(即陳述句),后一部分是簡(jiǎn)短的提問(wèn)(即簡(jiǎn)短疑問(wèn)句) ,中間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。如果前一部分用肯定句,后一部分就用否定疑問(wèn)句;如果前一部分用否定句
53、,后一部分就用肯定疑問(wèn)句。兩部分的人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)要一致。其回答是用yes 或 no來(lái)表示。 he speaks english, doesnt he?mary wont do it, will she?lies cannot cover up the facts, can they?回答反意疑問(wèn)句和回答一般疑問(wèn)句一樣,肯定回答用 yes, +肯定結(jié)構(gòu) ;否定回答用 no, + 否定結(jié)構(gòu) 。 這與漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣有所不同。例如 :-hes a doctor, isnt he?他是醫(yī)生 ,對(duì)吧 ?-yes, he is.對(duì),他是醫(yī)生。 (no, he isnt. 不,他不是醫(yī)生。) 一、含 be(is, ar
54、e, was, were) 動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句 you are from america, aren t you? yes, i am. no, im not. it isnt very cold today, is it? yes, it is. no, it isnt. tom was away yesterday, wasnt he? yes, he was. no, he wasnt. 注意: there be 句型 there is an old picture on the wall, isn t there? 二、行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句 you often watch t
55、v in the evening, dont you? yes, i do. no, i dont. the students dont study hard, do they? yes, they do. no, they dont. mary studies chinese hard, doesnt she? yes, she does. no, she doesnt. 精品學(xué)習(xí)資料 可選擇p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14 頁(yè),共 18 頁(yè) - - - - - - - - -三、行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句 you watched tv la
56、st night, didn t you? yes, i did. no, i didnt. jim s parents didn t go to hong kong last month, did they? yes, they did. no, they didnt. the rain stopped, didn t it? yes, it did. no, it didnt. 四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句 you can speak french, cant you? yes, i can. no, i cant 2 ann could swim when she was six, co
57、uldn t she? yes, she could. no, she couldnt. 值得注意的是有時(shí)英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不用否定式(即沒(méi)加上not ),而是用上了“never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody”等詞,這時(shí)該陳述句也屬于否定句,因此,反意疑問(wèn)句的后半部分應(yīng)用肯定疑問(wèn)式。 you are never late for school, are you? yes, i am no, i am not mr. fat has few friends here, does he? yes, he does. no, he doesnt. 第十七
58、-十八 課時(shí)【模擬試題】一. 改錯(cuò):例 1:the rose dark red. the rose is dark red. 1. he very likes swimming. 2. he can helps you. 3. we haven t a good time. 4. what are you do after school every day? 5. sometimes i listen music. sometimes i play outside. 6. the fish smells not good. 7. we should buy some chicken. ther
59、e are little left. 8. there have many birds in the sky. 9. my mother s glasses is broken. 10. a pair of shoes are nearly one thousand. 11. what colour ar e her hair? 12. does he his homework? 3. a: do you like your class? b: yes. i like. 14. he always do his shopping on friday evening. 15. i very so
60、rry i forgot your birthday. 16. i have no brother and sister. 二. 連詞組句: 1. listen, morning, the, to, i, radio, the, in, often 2. of, men, nurses, good, sick, hospital, care, in, take, the3. weekdays, he, the, goes, cinema, never, during, the, to 4. computer, got, new, you, a, have? 5. weekends, he, rest,
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