E英語教程unit 2

1、Unit 2Sports Sports Running Terry Fox(1958-1981) is a Canadian athlete and cancer research activist. When he was 18 years old, he was diagnosed as having bone cancer and forced to have his right leg cut off. In 1980, Fox started the Marathon of Hope and began to run using an artificial leg to raise

2、money for cancer research. The spread of his cancer eventually forced him to end his quest after 143 days and ultimately cost him his life. He ran more than 5300 kilometers, half way across Canada. Now the Marathon of Hope takes place every year and has now grown to involve millions of participants

3、in over 60 countries. In 2008, Terry Fox was named a National Historic Person of Canadian government for his significant role in the history of the country. Background 特里特里?？怂垢？怂?1958-1981)是一位加拿大的平凡青年。 1977年，他被檢查出罹患癌癥而被迫截去右腿。他樂觀積極地在醫(yī)院里接受各種治療與康復(fù)，鼓勵(lì)醫(yī)院里的其它患者要勇敢地面對(duì)病魔。當(dāng)他得知加拿大政府對(duì)癌癥研究的資金投入仍相當(dāng)匱乏時(shí)，1980年特里?？怂?/p>

4、發(fā)起特里福克斯義跑(希望馬拉松)，目的是號(hào)召每人為癌癥研究捐贈(zèng)一元錢，成為希望馬拉松的奠基者。 ReadingThe girl Terry Fox A clue : Time order : Why was Estelle called “The Girl Terry Fox”?13 years old she had bone cancer.Structure ReadingThe girl Terry Fox Detailed study of the passage:1. Some people like to call me “The Girl Terry Fox”.call sb.

5、sth. 意為“將命名為；給起名為”，由“名詞（代詞）+名詞”構(gòu)成call的復(fù)合賓語，類似的動(dòng)詞還有：name（命名），elect(選舉)，appoint(任命)，consider(認(rèn)為)， nominate(提名)等。 e.g. They named this city Shanghai. We elected Mr. Smith our chairman.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 2. Before long, it spread to my other leg.比較： before long: soon(時(shí)間)不久之后；在短時(shí)間內(nèi)long before, 意為“

6、很久以前” e.g. I hope to see you again before long.e.g. We had seen that film long before.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 3. They would give me prostheses so I could at least walk.1)so 在這里引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。 e.g. Check carefully so any mistakes could be found out. 2) at least : 至少，起碼（用于對(duì)否定情況補(bǔ)充肯定的評(píng)論用于對(duì)否定情況補(bǔ)充肯定的評(píng)論） e.g.

7、The work is difficult, but at least the pay is good.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 4. I refused to let myself be stopped.1)refuse : v. to say or show that you will not do or accept sth. 拒絕，其后通常加 to do 不定式。 e.g. I refused to answer this question. 2) let 后接動(dòng)詞原形，即，let sb. do sth.e.g. Her parents wouldnt let

8、 her go out with boys.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 5. With her help, I soon could walk without crutches.With her help without crutches 兩個(gè)介詞短語都在句中作狀語。兩個(gè)介詞短語都在句中作狀語。e.g. : I could finish the paper without her help.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 6. But Gina helped me through it, and to my surprise, I won the r

9、ace!to ones surprise 意為“使人驚訝的是”。 “to+ones+情感名詞”是英語里十分常見的結(jié)構(gòu)，主要表示某人由于某事的發(fā)生而喚起其內(nèi)心的某種情感，通常譯為“令人的是；使人感到的是”。能用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的情感名詞非常有限，常見的有admiration, amazement, amusement,annoyance,astonishment,delight,disappointment 等。 To his surprise, he passed the exam! To my amazement, he arrived on time.To his annoyance, he di

10、scovered they didnt waited for him.e.g.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 7. I felt great knowing that a lot of people had bet on me and that all the money was going to help people like me who fight for their lives every single day.every single day/ thing/ person/ etc. 用語強(qiáng)調(diào)每一天/ 每件事/ 每個(gè)人等都是（同樣的情況） e.g. Mary w

11、rote thank-you notes to every single person who had helped her.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 8. I learned that cancer doesnt have to stop you from doing what you love, and it surely doesnt have to kill you.stop sb. from doing sth. 意為意為“阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事”，同類短語有，同類短語有keep sb. from doing sth. 和和 prevent sb. f

12、rom doing sth.ReadingThe girl Terry Fox 9. Its just another obstacle, another hurdle you have to jump over, another enemy you have to defeat in order to succeed in life.another obstacle, another hurdle, another enemy 構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。平行結(jié)構(gòu)通常由多個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相同或者類似的介詞介詞短語、動(dòng)詞短語、名詞短語、不定式短語短語、動(dòng)詞短語、名詞短語、不定式短語等并列而成，起到表達(dá)感情、渲染語氣等

13、作用。 e.g. The boys were running , shouting, and laughing.Vocabulary and structure 1. 前綴over- 可加在某些詞(n. or v.)前表示：“非常，十分”或者 “過于，超過”。如：over + kind = overkind (adj.) 過分友好的；過分仁慈的over + act = overact （v.） 過火的表演over + crowded = overcrowded （adj.）過度擁擠的Vocabulary and structure 1. 前綴over-表示表示“在在之上之上” 如：overwh

14、elm壓倒，泛濫，overbridge天橋， overlook俯視，疏忽，overcoat 如：overturn顛覆，overthrow推翻， overhaul徹底檢修表示表示“翻轉(zhuǎn)翻轉(zhuǎn)”Vocabulary and structure 1. 前綴over- 如：overstudy，overwork， overact，overcrowdedoverdose(藥物過量)，overproduction(生產(chǎn)過度), 表示表示“過度，過分過度，過分” 佳句欣賞佳句欣賞1. I felt great knowing that a lot of people had bet on me and that

15、 all the money was going to help people like me who fight for their lives every single day.2. Its just another obstacle, another hurdle you have to jump over, another enemy you have to defeat in order to succeed in life. 得知很多人賭我會(huì)贏，而且所有（贏得）的錢都將用于幫助像我一樣每一天都在為生命而拼搏的人時(shí)，我覺的棒極了。 它（癌癥）只是另外一種障礙，另一個(gè)你必須跨越的跳欄，

16、另一個(gè)為了生活中的成功你必須戰(zhàn)勝的敵人。主要有：人稱代詞，物主代詞，指示代詞，人稱代詞，物主代詞，指示代詞， 反身代詞，不定代詞反身代詞，不定代詞Grammar- pronouns (代詞)代詞的分類：代詞的分類：此外還有：關(guān)系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞等。關(guān)系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞等。第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)男女中主格I youhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhim heritusyouthem人稱代詞：人稱代詞： 人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱, 分為主格主格和賓格賓格兩種形式第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱

17、復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)男女中形容詞 myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性 mineyourshishers itsoursyourstheirs物主代詞物主代詞： 說明事物所屬關(guān)系的代詞， 分為形容詞性形容詞性和名詞性名詞性兩種。形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞 只能作句子中名詞的修飾語, 后面要跟名詞。名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞 相當(dāng)于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關(guān)系,在句子中往往獨(dú)立地作主語、賓語或者表語,后面千萬不可以千萬不可以跟名詞。eg. Is that your umbrella?(那是你的傘嗎？)This is your cup, but where is mi

18、ne? (這是你的杯子,可我的在哪兒？)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)含義this 這個(gè)these這些指較近的人和物 that那個(gè)those那些指較遠(yuǎn)的人和物such 這樣的人 / 物指上文提過的人和物 same 同樣的人 / 物指和上文提過的相同的人和物 it 這人 / 這物指不太清楚是誰或者是什么時(shí)指示代詞：指示代詞： 指示說明近處或者遠(yuǎn)處、上文或者下文、 以前或者現(xiàn)在的人或事物。指示代詞 既可以單獨(dú)使用做句子的主語主語、賓語賓語或表語表語, 也可以作定語修飾名詞定語修飾名詞。Whats this? (這是什么) That model plane is made of plastic. (那只模型飛機(jī)是塑料做的

19、) Remember never to do such things. (記得永遠(yuǎn)不要做這樣的事情)第一人稱單數(shù)單數(shù) 第二人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)男女中myselfyourselfhimself herselfitself反身代詞反身代詞：表示謂語的動(dòng)作與主語有關(guān)或者 賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)作與賓語有關(guān)。第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1. 在句子中作賓語表示反射 (指一個(gè)動(dòng)作回到該動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者本身) Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself. 2. 在句子中作同位語表示強(qiáng)調(diào)(即用來強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞或代詞的語氣)。 The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well. (故事本身是好的,只是他沒有講好)不定代詞：不定代詞： 代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞詳見課本第詳見課本第36頁頁 General words / terms 一般詞匯一般詞匯Writing using proper wordsSpecific words / terms 具體詞匯具體詞匯The superiority of s